One area where generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is already reshaping education in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is how students learn. This report identifies three trends and raises questions about what education decision-makers should pay attention to regarding AI’s influence on learners: 1) The trend towards informal GenAI use and how this could circumvent learning in LMICs; 2) The trend towards AI personalisation and how this may widen the gap it promises to close in LMICs; 3) The growing emphasis on closing the ‘AI skills gap’ and how this could quietly narrow the purpose of education. For education decision-makers, these trends call for a clearer sense of direction about what role communities should play, what kind of future learners are being prepared for, and what learning is ultimately for. Keywords: AI; Artificial Intelligence; learners; personalised learning; digital divide; skills An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
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