The Relationship between Teachers' Attitudes to Distance Education and Their Life Satisfaction - Kirkiç, Kamil Arif; Yahsi, Ömer (Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2021)
Teachers' attitudes toward distance education are important in terms of the effectiveness of the distance education process. They become even more critical during this time of global pandemics when face-to-face education has been compulsorily replaced by distance education. The worldwide coronavirus pandemic has changed the practices of the teaching profession. This period has revealed how teachers' life satisfaction while carrying out their profession can be affected by changes in education delivery. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between teachers' attitudes toward distance education and their life satisfaction during the distance education process. This research used the correlational survey method, a method in quantitative research. The sample group consisted of teachers (1,233 male and 3,671 female educators) working in different branches in Izmir. The "Life Satisfaction Scale" and "Attitude toward Distance Education Scale" were applied. Participants' demographic information was obtained using a "Personal Information Form" designed by the researchers. According to the results of the study, while there is a notable difference in teachers' limitations toward distance education and life satisfaction according to gender, there is no difference in the advantages gained from and attitudes toward distance education.
Keywords: COVID-19; Correlation; Distance Education; Educational Attainment; Elementary School Teachers; Foreign Countries; Gender Differences; Income; Instructional Effectiveness; Knowledge Level; Life Satisfaction; Pandemics; Secondary School Teachers; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Characteristics; ⛔ No DOI found

The relationships of learning independence, family support, facilities and service of institutions through quality of learning students - Dalas, Nove; Hadiyanto; Muhaimin (Journal of critical reviews, 2020)
Education is a conscious endeavor and aims to develop human quality. Education has a very important role because, without education, the transformation process and the actualization of knowledge are difficult to manifest. One of the things that supports education in schools is the guidance and counseling service. Meanwhile, the problems in the school environment are the lack of learning quality of students in line with the maximization of learning independence, family support, and self-development services students of MTs Negeri Jambi. This research was correlational research conducted in six state Islamic junior high schools in 1 Jambi city, Indonesia. The samples of the study were 886 students taken by using a stratified sampling technique, and randomly for each class of each school. The instruments used were questionnaires with 100-item statements by Likert scale while data were analyzed by using a descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation test, and multiple linear regression tests. The results showed that the quality of learning, learning independence, family support, and self-development services had not been carried out maximally at six state Islamic junior high schools. Students who were less independent, got less family support and minimum in obtaining self-development services would also had less maximum learning quality. Simultaneously the independence of study, family support, and facilities and service of the institutions were associated very closely with the quality of students' learning, and in partial increments of each learning independence variable, family support, and service Self-development impacts on improving learning quality.

The Relative Effectiveness of Teachers and Learning Software: Evidence from a Field Experiment in El Salvador - Büchel, Konstantin; Jakob, Martina; Kühnhanss, Christoph; Steffen, Daniel; Brunetti, Aymo (Journal of Labor Economics, 2022)

The relative eﬀectiveness of teachers and learning software: Evidence from a field experiment in El Salvador - Buchel, Konstantin; Jakob, Martina; Kuhnhanss, Christoph; Steﬀen, Daniel; Brunetti, Aymo (University of Bern Social Sciences Working Papers, 2020)
This study provides novel evidence on the relative eﬀectiveness of computer-assisted learning (CAL) software and traditional teaching. Based on a randomized controlled trial in Salvadoran primary schools, we evaluate three interventions that aim to improve learning outcomes in mathematics: (i) teacher-led classes, (ii) CAL classes monitored by a technical supervisor, and (iii) CAL classes instructed by a teacher. As all three interventions involve the same amount of additional mathematics lessons, we can directly compare the productivity of the three teaching methods. CAL lessons lead to larger improvements in students’ mathematics skills than traditional teacher-centered classes. In addition, teachers add little to the eﬀectiveness of learning software. Overall, our results highlight the value of CAL approaches in an environment with poorly qualiﬁed teachers.
Keywords: Quality: H; Relevance: H; computer-assisted learning; primary education; productivity in education; teacher content knowledge; ⛔ No DOI found

The Relative Wealth Index - Facebook (Facebook Data for Good, 2021)

The RISE Education Systems Diagnostic: A Tool for Identifying Strategic Priorities for Education System Reform - RISE (RISE Programme, 2023)

The Role of Evidence in Policymaking in Pakistan: Political Economy Analysis Report - Ahmed, K; Ahmed, V; Javed, S.A.; Jillani, A; Khan, A; Khaver, A.A; Nadeem, U; Pellani, A; Shah, Q; Shaxson, L; Suleri, A.Q; Zaidi, A; et al. (Oxford Policy Management, 2020)

The role of interactive radio instruction in the coronavirus (COVID-19) education response - McBurnie, Chris (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This is part of our coronavirus (COVID-19) and EdTech series. Every week that passes we see the number of classrooms closed due to COVID-19 increase. During these unprecedented times, the Hub’s mission — to increase the use of evidence-based decisions around EdTech — is more important than ever. We must make sure learning goes on. […]
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

The Role of Interactive Radio Instruction in the COVID-19 Education Response - McBurnie, Chris (Open Development & Education, 2020)
Reading Time: 3 minutes At a time when the COVID-19 pandemic has forced over 1.5 billion students out of school, governments in resource-constrained countries have looked to interactive radio instruction (IRI) to ensure educational continuity. In the past week, we spoke with the Rising Academy Network to consider what an IRI programme could look like and why policymakers have […]
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-dode; dode_eth-trf2-dode

The Role of Intergovernmental Fiscal Transfers in Improving Education Outcomes - Al-Samarrai, Samer; Lewis, Blane (World Bank, 2021)
The majority of the world’s children live in countries where local governments are responsible for the provision of basic education services. Although subnational governments manage their own education systems, they often rely on transfers from the central government for funding. The main purpose of this study is to assess how these fiscal transfers affect public funding for education and how they ultimately affect student schooling and learning outcomes. Through a careful analysis of how fiscal transfers have affected education systems in different contexts, the investigation develops a set of principles to support improvements in the design and implementation of transfer systems with a specific focus on the provision of education services. The study is centered on seven country case studies that aim to answer a set of common research questions using a similar approach. Country case studies were conducted in Brazil, Bulgaria, China, Colombia, Indonesia, Sudan, and Uganda. The analysis shows that fiscal transfer mechanisms can improve the adequacy of public education spending, reduce spending inequalities between regions, and improve spending efficiency. Moreover, the study highlights that carefully designed and implemented transfer systems can help raise overall education outcomes and reduce education inequality. This publication was funded by a grant from the Results in Education for All Children (REACH) trust fund at the World Bank. REACH is supported by the government of Germany through the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, the government of Norway through NORAD, and the government of the United States of America through the U.S. Agency for International Development.
Keywords: Education; Education Equity; Education Finance; Education Outcomes; Education Spending; Fiscal Decentralization; Fiscal Transfers; Public Expenditure

The role of remote modalities in implementing mental health and psychosocial support programs and services in the education sector - UNICEF (2022)

The Role Played by Parents in the Abrupt Transition to Online Education During the Covid-19 Pandemic - Sharmacharya, Ratan (2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Sandbox Handbook v1.0: A guide to growing and testing EdTech ideas - Rahman, Asad; Carter, Alice; Plaut, Daniel; Dixon, Dixon,; Salami, Taiye; Schmitt, Laurel (EdTech Hub, 2021)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _r:AddedByZotZen; _zenodo:submitted

The Sandbox Model: A Novel Approach to Iterating while Implementing an Emergency Education Program in Lebanon during the COVID-19 Pandemic - Boujikian, Michèle; Carter, Alice; Jordan, Katy (2022)
Jusoor’s Refugee Education Program helps Syrian refugee children living in Lebanon integrate back into formal schooling. When schools closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the refugee program adapted to distance learning by developing Azima, a novel program that used WhatsApp to enable children to keep learning. Azima had to respond immediately to the emergency context while maintaining high education standards, and it also needed to find an effective way to test and refine its content quickly. To do this, the Azima program adopted an innovative experimental approach called a sandbox. A sandbox model operates in rapid iterative cycles and uses multiple methods to quickly test a program’s assumptions about how it will meet its goals. In this field note, we use Azima as a case study to report on our experience of applying the sandbox model. We reflect on the benefits and limitations of this novel approach in supporting the use of education technology in a crisis situation.

The smart feature phone revolution in developing countries: Bringing the internet to the bottom of the pyramid - James, Jeffrey (The Information Society, 2020)
Until recently, the only way for the population of developing countries to access the Internet was through expensive smartphones, designed in and for developed countries. In the past few years, however, a major new innovation has emerged, the smart feature phone with Internet connectivity, which was specifically designed for those with low incomes in developing countries. This paper explains the development process for the smart feature phone, how this has influenced the nature and extent of adoption, and its use by lowincome groups, including their demonstrated preference for uses related to entertainment rather than more traditional “work-related” goals. The focus is on the case of India, where the JioPhone has already reached millions of people with low incomes.

The Social Cash Transfer Programme (SCTP) - Government of Malawi; UNICEF (2020)

The social support networks stepping up in coronavirus-stricken China - You, Mi (openDemocracy, 2020)
Below the sweeping centralized measures, decentralized networks have provided relief to thousands.

The Socio-Economic Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Ideas for Policy Action - UNDP (UNDP Latin America and the Caribbean, 2020)

The Socio-Economic Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Ideas for Policy Action - UNDP (UNDP Latin America and the Caribbean, 2020)

The State of Broadband: Tackling digital inequalities A decade for action - International Telecommunication Union; UNESCO (2020)

The State of Ceara in Brazil is a Role Model for Reducing Learning Poverty - Loureiro, Andre; Cruz, Louisee; Lautharte, Ildo; Evans, David K. (World Bank, 2020)
This report presents the case of the state of Ceara in Brazil that overcame adverse socioeconomic conditions to substantially improve education outcomes with efficient use of resources. Despite having the 5th lowest GDP per capita among the 26 Brazilian states, the 9-million-inhabitant state of Ceara has experienced the largest increase in the national education quality index in both primary and lower secondary education since 2005, with 10 municipalities of Ceara being among the top 20 national ranking, including Sobral which has the highest score. The state of Ceara pioneered the use of results-based financing as part of a comprehensive education reform program that among other elements included strong support to its municipalities to achieve universal literacy by the end of grade 2. The reforms allowed the state to considerably improve learning levels of students in primary and lower secondary education with a high level of efficiency in the use of resources. The main aspects of the reforms are presented and discussed.
Keywords: Education Quality; Education Reform; Learning Poverty; Results-Based Financing; Secondary Education

The state of education in urban slums of Bangladesh - Khondoker, Zarine Anan (BRAC Institute of Governance and Development, 2020)

The State of Global Learning Poverty: 2022 Update - Azevedo, Joao Pedro; Rogers, Halsey; Ahlgren, Ellinore; Akmal, Maryam; Cloutier, Marie-Helene; Ding, Elaine; Raza, Ahmed; Ning Wong, Yi; Montoya, Silvia; Chakroun, Borhene; Chang, Gwang-Chol; Guerriero, Sonia; et al. (The World Bank, 2022)

The State of Global Learning Poverty: 2022 Update - World Bank (World Bank, 2022)
The State of Global Learning Poverty: 2022 Update

The State of the Global Education Crisis : A Path to Recovery - Azevedo, Joao Pedro; Wagner, De; Rogers, F. Halsey; Cloutier, Marie-Helene; Chakroun,, Borhene; Chang, Gwang-Chol; Mizunoya, Suguru (UNESCO, UNICEF, World Bank, 2021)
The State of the Global Education Crisis : A Path to Recovery (English)

The State of the Global Education Crisis: A Path to Recovery. - World Bank; UNESCO; UNICEF (2021)
"The global disruption to education caused by the COVD-19 pandemic is without parallel and the effects on learning are severe. The crisis brought education systems across the world to a halt, with school closures affecting more than 1.6 billion learners. While nearly every country in the world offered remote learning opportunities for students, the quality and reach of such initiatives varied greatly and were at best partial substitutes for in-person learning. Now, 21 months later, schools remain closed for millions of children and youth, and millions more are at risk of never returning to education. Evidence of the detrimental impacts of school closures on children's learning offer a harrowing reality: learning losses are substantial, with the most marginalized children and youth often disproportionately affected. Countries have an opportunity to accelerate learning recovery and make schools more efficient, equitable, and resilient by building on investments made and lessons learned during the crisis. Now is the time to shift from crisis to recovery - and beyond recovery, to resilient and transformative education systems that truly deliver learning and well-being for all children and youth."--The World Bank website

The STEM Gap: Women and Girls in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics - Aauw (AAUW : Empowering Women Since 1881, 2021)
Giving women equal opportunities to pursue — and thrive in — STEM careers helps narrow the gender pay gap, enhances women’s economic security and ensures a diverse and talented STEM workforce and prevents biases in these fields and the products and services they produce.

The Storytelling Project Handbook - Dixon, Miranda; Patuck, Lil (EdTech Hub, 2021)

The Teachers’ Research Exchange (T-REX): Connecting Teaching, Research and Practice in Initial Teacher Education - Teachers' Research Exchange (National Forum for the Enhancement of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 2021)

The Urgent Need to Focus on Foundational Skills - World Bank (2021)
The urgent need to focus on foundational skills

The use of 'building blocks' to develop digital platforms for education in sub-Saharan Africa - Adam, Taskeen; El-Serafy, Yomna; Podea, Marius; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2021)
We set out to investigate the existing and potential use cases of open-source, modular ‘building blocks’ to build digital platforms for education in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Building blocks fall into two main categories: teaching and learning (e.g., learning management systems) and education system management (e.g., data collection tools).
Keywords: _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen

The Use of SMS and Other Mobile Phone-based Messaging to Support Education at Scale: A Synthesis of Recent Evidence - Jordan, Katy; Damani, Kalifa; Myers, Christina; Zhao, Annette (L@S '23: Proceedings of the Tenth ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale, 2023)

The Use of Technology in the CPD Implementation Plan in Tanzania - Adam, Taskeen; El-Sefary, Yomna; Haßler, Björn; Khalayleh, Abdullah; Kremeia, Adam; Proctor, Jamie; Mtebe, Joel (EdTech Hub, 2021)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:analysis:nopdf; _r:AddedByZotZen

The use of technology to continue learning in Palestine disrupted with COVID-19 - Shraim, Khitam; Crompton, Helen (Asian Journal of Distance Education, 2020)
This qualitative study examined how decision-makers and teachers have responded to offer education for all Palestinian students at the immediate onset of the COVID-19 outbreak and how technology is being used to continue education online. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants from parents, teachers and decision-makers in Palestine. Interview transcripts were coded using a grounded theory design with a constant comparative method. The findings show that participants identified that technologies such as mobile devices, social media and cloud computing would be useful for design and delivery of educational materials as well as raising safety awareness, and communication during the COVID-19 pandemic in Palestine. The findings also identify various challenges including the widening of the education's digital divide and an increasingly negative attitude towards online education. The data also indicate that the first wave of the COVID-19 experience could be the roadmap for wave two and for the transition to sustainable online learning as a supplement to the traditional learning methods and not as a replacement. This research further demonstrates that teachers who are early adopters have a significant role in influencing both students and other teachers to adopt the transformation to online learning. In addition, the national and international initiatives with a multi-stakeholder partnership could provide sustained, long-term, real solutions for online learning.
Keywords: Online learning, technology, COVID-19, pandemic, emergency remote teaching; covid-19; emergency remote teaching; online learning; pandemic; technology; ⛔ No DOI found

The Use of Technology to Promote Equity and Inclusion in Education in North and Northeast Kenya - Otieno, Jennifer; Kaye, Tom; Mbugua, Wanjiku (EdTech Hub, 2023)
Kenya has been lauded as having one of the most progressive and effective education systems in Africa. Significant investments in education funding, innovative technology-enabled approaches to improve teaching and learning, and committed leadership make Kenya an example for neighbours and others across the world. However, at a sub-national level, significant variances in education access and quality arise. While many improvements have been made to participation, quality, equity, and inclusion in education in Kenya, there are persistent disparities in access and outcomes for rural learners, girls, learners with disabilities, and other vulnerable populations. The North and Northeastern (N/NE) counties of Kenya are where some of the greatest disparities exist. Our research examines the context of N/NE Kenya to understand why these disparities exist, and how technology can play a role in increasing equity and inclusion in education in the region. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

The Use of Virtual Learning Environments and Learning Management Systems During the Covid-19 Pandemic - McBurnie, Chris (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This technical note aims to inform the use and development of virtual learning environments (VLE) in educational responses to the current health crisis. It considers the advantages and disadvantages of a number of existing VLEs and includes guidance on selecting an appropriate VLE.
Keywords: COV:COVID and reopening of schools; COVID-19; Distance learning; EdTech; F: Helpdesk response; H: Distance education; LP: English; Learning management system; Remote learning; Virtual learning environment; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; ___working_potential_duplicate; _cover:v1; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

The Use of Web 2.0 Tools in Mother-tongue Instruction: Teachers’ Experiences - Üzeyir, Süğümlü; Serkan, Aslan (International Journal of Education & Literacy Studies, 2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Views of University Students About the Achievements and Motivations of the Distance Education Process During the Pandemic Period - Güldal Kan, Şebnem; Çaltıkuşu, Çilem; Şensoy, Şeniz (Propósitos y Representaciones, 2021)
The aim of this study is to examine the views of students about the achievements and motivations of thedistance education processes in universities during the pandemic period. The working group consists of 68 prospective teachers who continue their undergraduate programs in different departments of a private university in Northern Cyprus in the 2019-2020 spring academic year. All these participantsarestudying at thevariousdepartments of theFaculty of Education as 17 are in Pre-school Education, 28 in PrimaryEducationMathematics, 6 in PrimaryEducation, 1 in HistoryTeaching, 12 in Special Needs Education, 4 of them arestudying in Guidance and Psychological Counseling. The study is a qualitative study and the design of the study is determined as a case study. 42 female and 26 male teacher candidates participated in the study group. The majority of the participants are prospective teachers studying in their final year at university. While choosing the participants, easily accessible case sampling from purposeful sampling type was used. A Semi-structured interview form was used as a toolfordata collection. Later, the opinions of the experts were obtained and the interview questions were re-arranged accordingly and applied to the participants. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the psychological trauma experienced by teacher candidates during distance education at thepandemicperiodaffects both the success and motivation of their lessons.

The voices of children and youth in Tanzania's COVID-19 response - Ngutuku, Elizabeth (Africa at LSE, 2020)
Rapid research into COVID-19's effects on young people reveals severe anxiety about the virus as it relates to economic livelihoods and the community.

The World Bank in Malawi - World Bank (World Bank, 2022)
The World Bank Group supports Malawi’s efforts to reduce poverty and promote economic growth by working with the government, development partners, and civil society.

Thematic Action Track 4 on ‘Digital learning and transformation’ - United Nations Transforming Education Summit (2022)

TheoryOn: A Design Framework and System for Unlocking Behavioral Knowledge Through Ontology Learning - Li, Jingjing; Larsen, Kai; Abbasi, Ahmed (MIS Quarterly, 2020)
The scholarly information-seeking process for behavioral research consists of three phases: searching, accessing, and processing of past research. Existing IT artifacts, such as Google Scholar, have in part addressed the searching and accessing phases, but fall short of facilitating the processing phase, creating a knowledge inaccessibility problem. We propose a behavioral ontology learning from text (BOLT) design framework that presents concrete prescriptions for developing systems capable of supporting researchers during their processing of behavioral knowledge. Based upon BOLT, we developed a search engine—TheoryOn—to allow researchers to directly search for constructs, construct relationships, antecedents, and consequents, and to easily integrate related theories. Our design framework and search engine were rigorously evaluated through a series of data mining experiments, a randomized user experiment, and an applicability check. The data mining experiment results lent credence to the design principles prescribed by BOLT. The randomized experiment compared TheoryOn with EBSCOhost and Google Scholar across four information retrieval tasks, illustrating TheoryOn’s ability to reduce false positives and false negatives during the information-seeking process. Furthermore, an in-depth applicability check with IS scholars offered qualitative support for the efficacy of an ontology-based search and the usefulness of TheoryOn during the processing phase of existing research. The evaluation results collectively underscore the significance of our proposed design artifacts for addressing the knowledge inaccessibility problem for behavioral research literature.
Keywords: _Added-ailr-2024

There will be no recovery without empowered, motivated and effective teachers - World Bank (2021)
There will be no recovery without empowered, motivated and effective teachers

Think Local: Support for learning during coronavirus (COVID-19) could be found from within communities (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This is part of our coronavirus (COVID-19) and EdTech series. While technology is a potentially powerful tool in low-resourced contexts, technology use is not always possible or appropriate, as previous Hub blogs have asserted. The following blog emphasises the particular role that communities can play in supporting continued learning opportunities for the billions of children whose education has been disrupted by…
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _zenodoETH

Thinking inside the "Box": Pakistan turns to education TV during Covid-19 - World Bank (2021)

This organization is creating access to virtual classrooms for children in slums - Salaudeen, Aisha; Patrick, Anita (CNN, 2020)
Slum2school is providing access to online learning for underprivileged students in Lagos, Nigeria

Thoughts on “Education and digitisation in development cooperation” - Unwin, Tim (Tim Unwin's Blog, 2020)
Recently I was asked by the GFA Consulting Group to provide some short comments and reflections (just a few sentences) in response to four questions, the answers to which will be incorporated as pa…

Three Principles to Support Teacher Effectiveness During COVID-19 - Beteille, Tara; Ding, Elaine; Molina, Ezequiel; Pushparatnam, Adelle; Wilichowski, Tracy (World Bank, 2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

‘Tich Mi Ar Tich Dem’: Designing a low-cost and scalable teacher professional development in Sierra Leone - Walker, Hannah; Tegha, Ghislaine; Lurvink, Anne-Fleur; McBurnie, Chris (Open Development & Education, 2022)
Reading Time: 4 minutes Over the past two decades, Sierra Leone has faced a series of shocks: a civil war, landslides, Ebola, and the COVID-19 pandemic. These shocks have aggravated the learning crisis that the country’s education system faces—and dramatically increased the pressure on teachers to deliver high-quality support to children. In this context, the Ministry of Basic and […]

Time for a safe back to school in Latin America and the Caribbean - Gabriela Alvarado, Maria (Save the Children International, 2022)
The COVID-19 pandemic has put the dreams of more than 159 million children and adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean [1] on a long pause, all of whom have been affected by excessive periods without classes. In this region an average of 168 school days have been lost since schools closed...

Time for a safe back to school in Latin America and the Caribbean - Gabriela Alvarado, Maria (Save the Children International, 2022)
The COVID-19 pandemic has put the dreams of more than 159 million children and adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean [1] on a long pause, all of whom have been affected by excessive periods without classes. In this region an average of 168 school days have been lost since schools closed...

Time to Teach: Teacher attendance and time on task in Eastern and Southern Africa - Karamperidou, Despina; Brossard, Mathieu; Peirolo, Silvia; Richardson, Dominic (2020)

Time to Teach: Teacher Attendance and Time on Task in Primary Schools in Mozambique - Nugroho, Dita; Karamperidou, Despina (UNICEF, 2021)
Teacher attendance is one of the prerequisites on the path toward universal learning in developing countries. Over the past decades, however, studies from across the developing world have found national rates of teacher absenteeism that range from 3 to 27 per cent. Therefore, enhancing teachers' presence in the classroom and ensuring that class time is spent teaching, can contribute significantly to the productivity and inclusive prosperity of a country. This Time to Teach study collates and strengthens the evidence base on primary school teacher absenteeism in Mozambique. The study uses a mix of qualitative and quantitative research methods to provide critical insights into the factors that underpin the multiple forms of teacher absenteeism and time on task. It also examines how factors vary across countries, school types, gender of teacher and other teacher characteristics. Despite high levels of teacher absenteeism, the study shows that teachers are generally committed and that what is needed is education system strengthening. It is hoped that findings will inform workable solutions and policies that will ensure a motivated teaching force, increase opportunities for children to learn at school and, ultimately, improve their life and work opportunities.
Keywords: Barriers; C:Mozambique; Developing Nations; Educational Change; Educational Policy; Elementary School Teachers; Employee Absenteeism; Foreign Countries; Gender Differences; Influences; Institutional Characteristics; Rural Urban Differences; Sanctions; Teacher Attendance; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Characteristics; Teacher Education; Teacher Persistence; Teaching Conditions; Time Management; ⛔ No DOI found

Tips for fostering students' self-regulated learning in asynchronous online learning environments - Ebner, Rachel J. (Faculty Focus | Higher Ed Teaching & Learning, 2020)
For students who lack self-regulated learning skills, asynchronous, online learning can be extremely challenging and overwhelming.

Titre du rapport - Traore, Moussa (EdTech Hub, 2024)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: Coming soon; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Tool for assessing the gender responsiveness of content for digital learning platforms - UNICEF (2021)

Toolkit for Designing a Comprehensive Distance Learning Strategy - Morris, Emily; Tan, Yvette (USAID, 2021)

Top 10 lessons learned from implementing remote learning through IVR in Malawi - Carrol, Dr. Bidemi (RTI International, 2020)

Toward a holistic approach to EdTech effectiveness: Lessons from Covid-19 research in Bangladesh, Ghana, Kenya, Pakistan, and Sierra Leone - Nicolai, Susan; Jordan, Katy; Adam, Taskeen; Kaye, Tom; Myers, Christina (International Journal of Educational Development, 2023)

Toward learning at scale in developing countries: Lessons from the Global Learning XPRIZE Field Study - McReynolds, Andrew A.; Naderzad, Sheba P.; Goswami, Mononito; Mostow, Jack (Association for Computing Machinery, 2020)
Advances in education technology are enabling tremendous advances in learning at scale. However, they typically assume resources taken for granted in developed countries, including reliable electricity, high-bandwidth Internet access, fast WiFi, powerful computers, sophisticated sensors, and expert technical support to keep it all working. This paper examines these assumptions in the context of a massive test of learning at scale in a developing country. We examine each assumption, how it was broken, and some workarounds used in a 15-month-long independent controlled evaluation of pre- to posttest learning and social-emotional gains by over 2,000 children in 168 villages in Tanzania. We analyze those gains to characterize who gained how much, using test score data, social-emotional measures, and detailed logs from RoboTutor. We quantify the relative impact of pretest scores, literate aspirations, treatment, and usage on learning gains.
Keywords: developing countries; global learning xprize; literacy; numeracy; social-emotional; tablet tutors; unesco.

Towards a Resilient Education Recovery from Pakistan's Floods: Rapid Response Research - Sarwar, Moizza Binat (Malala Fund & Pakistan Coalition for Education, 2023)

Towards an equal future: Reimagining girls’ education through STEM - UNICEF; ITU (2020)
Marking the 25th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action

Towards e-learning in basic schools during Covid-19: Insights from Ghanaian teachers - Amanor-Mfoafo, Naa Kai; Edonu, Kwamina Kurefi; Akrofi, Olivia; Dowuona, Ebenezer Nortei (2020)
In the wake of the current closure of schools in Ghana, basic schools have been tasked to deliver teaching and learning using e-learning. This study seeks to explore the readiness of teachers in Ghanaian basic schools to undertake e-learning. Using an online questionnaire, data was collected from 108 teachers in both private and public basic schools in Ghana. A factor analysis was conducted to identify the challenges that influenced the ability of basic school teachers to teach using e-learning. The study findings indicated that a majority of the teacher participants preferred face-to-face teaching as compared to online teaching. The study recommends that basic schools adopt a blended approach to teaching where teachers can combine both face-to-face methods with e-learning methods. The study contributes to discussions on the transition from conventional teaching methods to E-learning methods in educational institutions across Ghana.

Towards Improving the Accessibility and Usability of a Mobile-based Learning Management System for Blind Primary School Teachers - Kondoro, Aron; Maro, Salome; Mtebe, Joel; Proctor, Jamie; Komba, Aneth; Haßler, Björn (2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa), 2023)

Towards Integration of EMIS in Rwanda - Government of Rwanda (2020)

Tracing students' mathematics learning loss during school closures in teachers' self-reported practices - Haser, Çiğdem; Doğan, Oğuzhan; Kurt Erhan, Gönül (International Journal of Educational Development, 2022)
The study explored how mathematics learning loss took place among Turkish middle school students during the COVID-19 school closures through mathematics teachers' self-reported practices, challenges, and efforts while they were trying to support their students' learning. Interviews with 19 public and 9 private middle school mathematics teachers indicated that there were certain differences in teachers' practices and revealed the existing inequalities among the schools, classrooms, and students. Students' lack of participation, teachers' limited use of methods to teach mathematics, the socio-economic status of families and their lack of collaboration with teachers were among the reasons for mathematics learning loss. • Existing inequalities among the students reflected on mathematics learning loss. • Public and private school mathematics teachers' practices differed significantly. • Teaching practices were limited by the students' access to internet and technology. • Students' limited/lack of access to the learning environment caused learning loss. • The pedagogical approaches teachers used were drastically decreased during pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19; Inequality; Mathematics learning loss; Mathematics teachers; Middle school students; Remote teaching

Trained teachers in primary education (% of total teachers) - Ghana | Data - World Bank (The World Bank Open Data, 2021)

Transcultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the International Development and Early Learning Assessment (IDELA) in Brazilian pre-school children - Shavitt, Ilana; Ayres de Araujo Scatollin, Monica; Suzart Ungaretti Rossi, Adriana; Pacífico Mercadante, Mariana; Gamez, Luciano; Resegue, Rosa Miranda; Pisani, Lauren; do Rosário, Maria Conceição (International Journal of Educational Research Open, 2022)
Early childhood is a sensitive period for development, and it is important to use psychometrically sound instruments to assess the child's developmental abilities. The International Development and Early Learning Assessment (IDELA) represents an innovative, feasible and low-cost assessment tool for preschool children that evaluates motor development, pre-numeracy, pre-literacy, and socioemotional development. These areas of development represent “key” skills for early development and school readiness. The objectives of this study were to translate the IDELA to Brazilian Portuguese, to conduct its cultural adaptation to the Brazilian population, to analyze its content validity, to assess its inter-rater reliability, to analyze the internal consistency of its sub-domains and to investigate associations between the child's IDELA scores and sociodemographic characteristics of the family. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study, in which a sample of 565 preschool children were assessed with the IDELA in the city of Embu das Artes, São Paulo. Results indicated that the IDELA was successfully translated and culturally adapted to the Brazilian population, presenting adequate content validity, good internal consistency of its sub-domains and very high inter-rater reliability. Among the evaluated children, the girls' mean scores were higher than the boys' mean scores; 5-year-old children had higher scores than 4-year-old children; a positive correlation was observed between maternal education and the children's mean scores in the total IDELA, the pre-mathematics and the socioemotional subdomains. In conclusion, the Brazilian version of the IDELA proved to be feasible, adequate and reliable to assess early childhood development and school readiness of preschool age children in Brazil. Future studies could use the IDELA to provide relevant data about the children's development and school readiness in other Brazilian regions that will be useful in the planning of public health and education policies to improve children's integral development and their academic achievement.
Keywords: Assessment; Cultural adaptation; Early childhood development; Inter-rater reliability; Preschool age children; Translation

Transformational Empowerment of Adolescent Marginalised Girls in Malawi - da Silva, Carol; Laesecke, Anne; Murray, Matthew; Salicath; Wang, Erica (Team Girl Malawi, 2022)

Transformative political leadership to promote 12 years of quality education for all girls - Rose, Pauline; Gordon, Rebecca; Marston, Lauren; Zubairi, Asma; Downing, Phoebe (REAL Centre, Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, 2020)

Transforming education from within: current trends in the status and development of teachers; World Teachers’ Day 2022 - UNESCO (2022)

Transforming education service delivery in Sierra Leone: from evidence to action - Sengeh, David Moinina; May-Wilson, Hannah (Global Partnership for Education, 2020)
Sierra Leone’s education system has been plagued by events that have challenged the effective delivery of high-quality education for every child for nearly three decades. But thanks to a program launched in 2018, the government is achieving greater access, quality, and equity for children by removing financial barriers to school enrollment and improving teaching and learning outcomes.

Transforming Education Service Delivery Through Evidence-Informed Policy and Practice - The Ministry of Basic and Senior Secondary Education (MBSSE) (The Ministry of Basic and Senior Secondary Education (MBSSE), 2021)

Transforming how teachers use technology - Wilichowski, Tracy; Cobo, Cristóbal (World Bank Blogs, 2021)
Before the pandemic, there was a widely held notion that technology will revolutionize the field of education.

Transforming online teaching and learning: Towards learning design informed by information science and learning sciences - Fujita, Nobuko (Information and Learning Science, 2020)
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the practical work of learning designers with the aim of helping members of the information science (IS) and learning sciences (LS) communities understand how evidence-informed learning design of online teaching and online learning in higher education is relevant to their research agendas and how they can contribute to this growing field. Design/methodology/approach: Illustrating how current online education instructional designs largely ignore evidence from research, this paper argues that evidence from IS and LS can encourage more effective and nuanced learning designs for e-learning and online education delivery and suggest how interdisciplinary collaboration can advance shared understanding. Findings: Recent reviews of the learning design show that tools and techniques from the LS can support students in self-directed and self-regulated learning. IS studies complement these approaches by highlighting the role that information systems and computer–human interaction. In this paper, the expertise from IS and LS are considered as important evidence to improve learning design, particularly vis-à-vis digital divide concerns that students face during the COVID-19 pandemic. Originality/value: This paper outlines important ties between the learning design, LS and IS communities. The combined expertise is key to advancing the nuanced design of online education, which considers issues of social justice and equity, and critical digital pedagogy.
Keywords: Higher education; Information science; Instructional design; Learning design; Learning sciences; Online learning; Online teaching; e-Learning

Transforming teacher education and learning - Mott MacDonald (2020)

Transforming Teaching, Education & Learning Directors' Report 2022 - 2023 - T-TEL (Transforming Teacher Education and Learning, 2023)
T-TEL's 3rd Annual General Meeting (AGM) Report

Transforming Traditional Teaching Laboratories for Effective Remote Delivery–A Review - Bhute, Vijesh J.; Inguva, Pavan; Shah, Umang; Brechtelsbauer, Clemens (Education for Chemical Engineers, 2021)

Transition to online education in schools during a SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in Georgia - Basilaia, Giorgi; Kvavadze, David (Pedagogical Research, 2020)
The situation in general education in Georgia has changed in the spring semester of 2020, when the first case of coronavirus COVID-19 infection was detected rising to 211 local and more than 1,5 million infection cases worldwide by the Apr. 8. 2020. Georgia became one of 188 countries worldwide that has suspended the education process. The paper studies the capacities ofthe country and its population to continue the education process atthe schools in the online form of distance learning, study reviews the different available platforms and indicates the ones that were used by the support of the government, such as online portal, TV School and Microsoft teams for public schools and the alternatives like Zoom, Slack and Google Meet, EduPage platform that can be used for online education and live communication and gives examples of their usage. Authors made a case study, where the Google Meet platform was implemented for online education in a private school with 950 students, shows the usage statistics generated by the system for the first week of the online education process. Results confirm that the quick transition to the online form of education went successful and gained experience can be used in the future. The experience and studies can be useful for other countries that have not found the ways of transition yet. The lesson learned from the pandemic of 2020 will force a generation of new laws, regulations, platforms and solutions for future cases, when the countries, government and population will be more prepared than today.

Transition to online learning by a teacher education program with limited 4IR affordances - Tsakeni, Maria (Research in Social Sciences and Technology, 2021)
This study used the community of inquiry (CoI) framework and the affordances of Internet of things (IoT) to explore how the faculty of education of a rural campus of a university transitioned from face-to-face to online modes of instruction. In this qualitative interpretive study, data were collected through open-ended questionnaires from four purposely selected teacher educators and five final-year bachelor of education preservice teachers. Thematic content analysis techniques were used to analyze the data collected. The findings indicated the tensions experienced by the teacher educators as they negotiated the limited IoT affordances to ensure effective teaching, cognitive, and social presence in the newly formed online classrooms. Some of the tensions included the choices that were made on whether to use synchronous or asynchronous modes of instruction and the selection of effective communication modes. The teacher educators used a combination of the official learning management system (LMS) tools of the university and a social media platform as way of navigating the limited 4IR environments experienced by the preservice teachers.
Keywords: COVID-19; Internet of things; community of inquiry; online learning; teacher education

Trapped in low performance? Tracking the learning trajectory of disadvantaged girls and boys in the Complementary Basic Education programme in Ghana | Elsevier Enhanced Reader - McCulloch, Gretchen (2020)

Trends in digital personalized learning in low- and middle-income countries: Executive summary - UNICEF (UNICEF, 2022)

Trends in Digital Personalized Learning: Landscape Review of Personalized Learning Solutions in Low and Middle-Income Countries. UNICEF Office of Global Insight & Policy. - Castillo, N; Adam, T; Alam, A; Alrawashdeh, G. S.; Tiwari, P (UNICEF Office of Global Insight & Policy., 2022)

Trends in Digital Personalized Learning: Taking stock of personalized learning solutions in low and middle-income countries - UNICEF (Office of Global Insight and Policy United Nations Children’s Fund, 2022)
Landscape review | Taking stock of personalized learning solutions in low and middle-income countries

Trends in educational research about e-learning: a systematic literature review (2009–2018) - Valverde-Berrocoso, Jesús; Garrido-Arroyo, María del Carmen; Burgos-Videla, Carmen; Morales-Cevallos, María Belén (Sustainability, 2020)
The concept of e-learning is a technology-mediated learning approach of great potential from the educational perspective and it has been one of the main research lines of Educational Technology in the last decades. The aim of the present systematic literature review (SLR) was to identify (a) the research topics; (b) the most relevant theories; (c) the most researched modalities; and (d) the research methodologies used. To this end, the PRISMA protocol was followed, and diﬀerent tools were used for the bibliographic management and text-mining. The literature selection was carried out in three ﬁrst-quartile journals indexed in JCR-SSCI specialized in Educational Technology. A total of 248 articles composed the ﬁnal sample. The analysis of the texts identiﬁed three main nodes: (a) online students; (b) online teachers; and (c) curriculum-interactive learning environments. It was revealed that MOOC was the most researched e-learning modality. The Community of Inquiry and the Technological Acceptance Model, were the most used theories in the analyzed studies. The most frequent methodology was case study. Finally, the conclusions regarding the objectives of our SRL are presented: Main themes and research sub-themes, most researched e-learning modality, most relevant theoretical frameworks on e-learning, and typologies of research methodologies.

Trialling open educational resources for technology-supported teacher professional development in rural Zimbabwe - Walker, H.; Hennessy, S.; Pimmer, C. (Research Papers in Education, 2022)
This study reports on the adaptation and outcomes of a teacher professional development (TPD) programme in a rural Zimbabwean secondary school. The programme incorporated Open Educational Resources (OER), specifically OER4school materials, that were provided via tablet computers for teachers and students. A mixed-methods case study was employed to explore teachers’ perceptions, knowledge, experiences of interactive learning and teaching in relation to this TPD, as well as their perceptions and experiences of the role and value of using technology to support student learning. Video data from structured lesson observations were triangulated with teacher post-lesson interviews and thematically coded. The interviews indicated that all teachers demonstrated a change in mindset and a clear understanding of interactive teaching methods. However, the structured observations revealed that only half of the teachers were using these interactive methods. Teachers also emphasised the value of OER and tablet technologies in improving lesson planning and making classroom learning more authentic. The use of technology, as both a TPD medium and as a classroom tool, showed potential to enhance the quality of TPD and teacher quality. Yet more specific teacher development to support the interactive use of technology within the classroom would be beneficial.

Trialling open educational resources for technology-supported teacher professional development in rural Zimbabwe - Walker, Hannah; Hennessy, Sara; Pimmer, Christoph (Research Papers in Education, 2022)

Trialling open educational resources for technology-supported teacher professional development in rural Zimbabwe - Walker, Hannah; Hennessy, Sara; Pimmer, Christoph (Research Papers in Education, 2022)

Trust, Accountability and Capacity in Education System Reform | Taylor & Francis Group - Ehren, Melanie; Baxter, Jacqueline (Taylor & Francis, 2020)
This global collection brings a new perspective to the field of comparative education by presenting trust, capacity and accountability as the three building

Tsugi - Tsugi (2021)

Turning to technology: A global survey of teachers' responses to the Covid-19 pandemic - Pota, Vikas; Hennessy, Sara; Koomar, Saalim; Kreimeia, Adam; Zubairi, Asma; Aerts, Carla; Gault, Claire (T4 Education & EdTech Hub, 2021)
A global survey of teachers’ responses to the Covid-19 pandemic

TV-Based Learning in Bangladesh: Is it Reaching Students? - Biswas, Kumar; Asaduzzaman, T.M.; Evans, David; Fehrler, Sebastian; Ramachandran, Deepika; Sabarwal, Shwetlana (World Bank, 2020)
Is TV-based learning during COVID-19 school closures in Bangladesh reaching students? Most students (86 percent) within our sample of more than 2,000 Grade 9 stipend recipients are aware of government provided TV-based learning programs; yet only half of the students with access to these programs choose to access them. Also, very few students (21 percent) have access to government provided online learning programs, and among those that do, only about 2 percent choose to access them. There is a perceptible decline in the time students spend studying at home after school closures. This may be linked to the fact that 1 in 2 parents claim they are unable to help their children with new topics. Despite lower education, mothers are significantly more likely to be involved in the child’s education compared to fathers. Most students (90 percent) claim they have a supportive environment at home for studying. This is true for both boys and girls. Finally, nearly 65 percent of households in our sample report declines in income and 28 percent had to decrease the amount of food consumed within the household in the previous week.
Keywords: Access to Education; Distance Learning; Education; Online Learning; School Closure; Secondary Education; ___working_potential_duplicate

TV-Based Learning in Bangladesh: Is it Reaching Students? - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

TV-Based Learning in Bangladesh: Is it Reaching Students? - World Bank (2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

TV Okey - Radio Television Malaysia (2020)

TVET Country Profile- Cambodia - UNESCO (2020)

Twelve African EdTech Companies Named as First Fellows at Centre for Innovative Teaching and Learning in ICT - Mastercard Foundation (2020)

Twelve African EdTech Companies Named as First Fellows at Centre for Innovative Teaching and Learning in ICT - Mastercard Foundation (Mastercard Foundation, 2020)

Two-Thirds of Poorer Countries Are Cutting Education Budgets Due to COVID-19 - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)

Two-year RCT of EdTech in Malawi - Levesque, Karen; Bardack, Sarah; Chigeda, Antonie; Bahlibi, Abraham; Winiko, Symon (2022)
Malawi’s primary education system has been challenged to provide quality learning in the face of expanding enrollment. To address poor learning outcomes, the Ministry of Education piloted use of onebillion’s onecourse software in about 100 schools. Initial studies of onecourse conducted over 8 weeks to 8 months produced significant effect sizes in math and literacy, although absolute gains were modest. To measure longer-term impacts, Imagine Worldwide conducted a 2-year efficacy randomized controlled trial in two Malawi schools. Despite COVID-related school closures, onecourse produced statistically significant impacts in literacy and math. Further, the 13 months of (interrupted) intervention produced larger effect sizes and higher rates of attaining emergent or fluent reading and math benchmarks than the prior 8-month study.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Two-year RCT of EdTech in Malawi: Impacts of a 2-year education technology program on early primary learning in Malawi amid disruptions due to COVID-19 - Levesque, Karen; Bardack, Sarah; Chigeda, Antonie; Bahlibi, Abraham; Winiko, Symon (2022)

Two Years After: Saving a Generation - World Bank, UNICEF (World Bank, 2022)

Type of intervention: Public-private partnership (led by the government) Website: http://subeb.edostate.gov.ng/home-school/ - Munoz-Najar, Alberto; Osa Oviawe, Joan (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Ubongo Kids - Ubongo (2020)

Uganda: Students back to school, university in March - Kyeyune, Hamza (Anadolu Agency, 2021)
Some more school classes to start March 1, universities to reopen in staggered manner, says president - Anadolu Agency

UIS Data - UNESCO (2022)

UIS releases more timely country-level data for SDG 4 on education - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2020)
The UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) has just updated its global database with more recent country-level data to monitor progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal on education (SDG 4). UIS global education database While the global numbers and regional averages on key indicators such as out-of-school rates have not changed since the previous release in September 2019, we have added new country-level data to provide a more complete and timely picture of the education situation facing children, youth and adults around the world....

UIS Statistics - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021)

UIS Statistics - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021)

UIS Statistics - UNESCO Institute of Statistics (2020)

UN/DESA Policy Brief #89: Strengthening Data Governance for Effective Use of Open Data and Big Data Analytics for Combating COVID-19 - Yao, Keping; Park, Mi Kyoung (2020)

UN Flagship Report Disability. - United Nations (2020)

UN radio spreads Covid-19 information to remote areas - United Nations (United Nations, 2020)
In the Central African Republic, radio broadcasts are a useful means to share public information, especially to the most remote populations. UN Volunteers assigned with the MINUSCA’s radio are on the frontline to raise awareness aboutt the COVID-19 pandemic. These dedicated UN Volunteers share current up-dates on COVID-19 via radio programmes, while advocating for prevention and protection measures.

Uncovering themes in personalized learning: using natural language processing to analyze school interviews - McHugh, David; Shaw, Sarah; Moore, Travis; Ye, Leafia; Romero-Masters, Philip; Halverson, Richard (Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2020)
Using a natural language processing tool, this study examined participant discourse in personalized learning schools to better understand what personalized learning looks like in practice. Term frequency-inverse document frequency (tf-idf) was used to identify the significant words and potential emergent themes for 134 interview transcripts. This tool provided a way to swiftly explore the structure of the data, revealing distinctions in the vocabulary students and teachers use as well as a potentially meaningful set of themes. This method provided a valuable lens with which to validate or surface new areas for investigation. By applying this tool to interviews from personalized learning environments, we were able to identify ways educators and students talk differently about project-based learning environments, revealing that tools like tf-idf can be effectively used to quickly provide a preliminary look at large amount of interview data.

Under the Hood of an EdTech Study in Kenya: Implementation challenges, successes, and lessons learnt - Büchel, Konstantin; Crossley, Colin; Cullen, Claire; Letsomo, Thato (EdTech Hub, 2023)
In the years following a global pandemic that left 1.6 billion learners out of school, the global learning crisis has grown more urgent. Governments worldwide have sought technology-enabled education platforms that can support higher quality, resilient education systems. One cheap and easy tool for delivering remote educational support is basic mobile phones, which represent a potentially cost-effective and remote platform for adapting a range of proven pedagogical methods. To do so successfully, programme delivery should consider three key factors that include (1) careful training on delivering pedagogical methods in a phone setting, (2) Appropriate monitoring systems to ensure weekly delivery fidelity and, (3) an appropriate data and/or delivery infrastructure to enable programme monitoring. If done successfully, mobile phone programmes can present education ministries with an efficient delivery option for quality education at a fraction of the cost of higher-tech solutions. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Understanding access to education in Nigeria - GRID3 (GRID3, 2020)
To support Nigeria’s Universal Basic Educational Commission (UBEC) in improving access to education, GRID3 Nigeria used geospatial data to analyse the location of current schools to Nigeria's school-age population and recommend new school locations.

Understanding Barriers to Girls’ Access and Use of EdTech in Kenya During Covid-19 - Tembey, Lara; Baier, Jasmin; Ogolla, Concilia; Mohan, Prithika (EdTech Hub and Busara Center for Behavioural Economics, 2021)
The Covid-19 pandemic resulted in the closure of approximately 90,000 schools across Kenya, causing over 18 million pre-primary, primary, and secondary school learners to be out of school throughout 2020. These lockdown measures of Covid-19 are expected to amplify gender inequalities in education and girls’ access to school, with girls likely to have experienced losses in learning during the pandemic to a greater extent than their male counterparts (⇡Malala Fund, 2020). To enable continued learning during this period, numerous education technology (EdTech) solutions and products have been developed to enable remote learning. This technology can be a powerful tool for girls. Studies have shown that girls engage more than boys when provided with the same level of access to technology, and receive more benefits beyond the realm of formal education such as an increase in access to economic opportunities and a greater ability to make informed decisions about their own health (⇡Webb et al., 2020). However, social inequalities, norms and technological constraints can disproportionately prevent girls from accessing and benefiting from EdTech (⇡Crompton et al., 2021). As such, EdTech interventions and products need to be designed and implemented prioritising gender considerations, otherwise they risk increasing the digital gender divide both in terms of access and use of digital technologies and the internet and the development of skills needed to use digital technologies (⇡Kuroda et al., 2019). Our qualitative and quantitative research looked at how access and usage of learning content and edutainment through smartphone and low-tech (such as radio, Interactive Voice Response, TV) EdTech solutions can be optimised to ensure inclusivity of girls, in particular, focusing on the caregiver as the gatekeeper for access to EdTech resources. In terms of access, our research found that caregivers are primarily concerned about financial resources, books and tutors, and often do not consider using EdTech to access educational resources when they are looking for support for their children. Further, our research showed that digital literacy, caregiver involvement, norms about technology for education, and intention are the most promising levers to improve access and use of educational material. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Understanding Education Policy Preferences: Survey Experiments with Policymakers in 35 Developing Countries - Crawfurd, Lee; Minardi, Ana; Hare, Susannah; Sandefur, Justin (2021)
Foreign aid donors and international organizations supporting education in developing countries have increasingly coalesced around a policy agenda prioritizing foundational learning, measured by test scores in primary school, based on a diagnosis of deficient school quality, and a growing body of empirical evidence about effective interventions to improve quality. We survey over 900 senior government officials working on education in 35 low- and middle-income countries to gauge their alignment with this agenda.

Understanding Teacher Digital Competence in the Framework of Social Sustainability: A Systematic Review - De la Calle, Ana Maria; Pacheco-Costa, Alejandra; Gomez-Ruiz, Miguel Ángel; Guzman-Simon, Fernando (MDPI Journals, 2021)
Due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, ICT has been urgently introduced in education systems in a generalised manner. In this context, it is essential for teachers to master a spectrum of basic digital competencies and manifest digital leadership in the classroom. In addition, it is necessary to consider the relationship between digital competence development and social sustainability, that is, social and cultural heritage, and to what extent they contribute to improving social cohesion and living conditions in a community. This study presents a systematic review of research on teacher digital competence and social sustainability based on the PRISMA model and a review of 22 studies indexed in SCOPUS. The review reveals that most are intended to measure the digital competence level of teachers, usually in compulsory stages of the educational system and through quantitative studies based on virtual questionnaires comprised of closed-ended questions. However, the studies tend to ignore questions related to social sustainability (access to resources, heritage culture, intergenerational transmission, employability, or gender equality). It is therefore urgent to develop research committed to a sustainable society that is oriented towards social justice.

Understanding Teacher School Choice Preferences: What Matters Most for Teacher Deployment in Sierra Leone? (EdTech Hub Preprint, 2023)
This exploratory mixed-methods study investigates the factors that shape where teachers want to work in Sierra Leone. We identify five dominant factors: monetary incentives, school conditions, opportunities for professional development and support, school location, and relationships with the school and the community. Importantly, these factors combine to push and pull teachers to different locations. Moreover, the factors interact with individual teacher characteristics such as gender, family status, and experience to influence school choice preferences. This set of factors — and their interaction with certain teacher characteristics — continues to shape preferences as teachers move up the career ladder. Keywords: Teacher deployment, teacher preferences, Sierra Leone, teacher supply, remote schools An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Understanding the first and second digital divides in rural Bangladesh: internet access, online skills, and usage - Siddiquee, Muhammad Shahadat Hossain; Islam, Md. Saiful (Digitization Series, 2020)

Understanding the impact of OER courses in relation to student socioeconomic status and employment - Read, K; Tang, H; Dhamika, A; Bodily, B (International Journal of Open Educational Resources, 2020)

Understanding the implementation of personalized learning: a research synthesis - Zhang, Ling; Basham, James D.; Yang, Sohyun (Educational Research Review, 2020)
Personalized learning (PL) has been promoted as a major aim and reform eﬀort across the contemporary education system. In this article, we systematically identiﬁed and synthesized 71 empirical studies associated with the implementation of PL that were conducted between 2006 and 2019. This synthesis examined the current research eﬀorts on the PL implementation with a focus on the primary purposes, overall methodological characteristics, and associated student learning outcomes of the identiﬁed studies. Using the method of critical interpretive synthesis, we identiﬁed two overarching themes in relation to PL across various disciplines of study. The two themes included investigating (a) the role of varying technologies and (b) contextual factors that impacted the implementation of PL. However, few studies have examined the eﬀects of PL as a whole-school initiative on student educational outcomes. We ended by discussing the issues with the conceptualization and empirical evidence of PL and providing implications for the future advancement of the ﬁeld.

Understanding the Potential of Using EdTech to Measure and Mitigate Learning Losses in Latin America and the Caribbean - Wyss, Natalie; Myers, Christina (EdTech Hub, 2022)
This document was produced in response to a request from the UNICEF Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Office (LACRO) submitted to the EdTech Hub Helpdesk in December 2021. The UNICEF team requested a resource that summarises what is known about the use of technology and other approaches to measure and mitigate learning losses related to Covid-19 impacts on education in the LAC region. This resource aims to support UNICEF country offices and partners in the LAC region to assess learning losses and inform school reopening and the development of hybrid education strategies. Our research found that there are limited EdTech approaches to measuring and mitigating learning losses, and fewer still that are specific to the LAC region. This piece outlines the following: What is understood about learning losses and how they can be quantified; What common guidance and evidence suggest are the most effective ways to mitigate Covid-19-specific learning losses; How established EdTech tools and non-tech-based approaches can be leveraged and applied to both processes. Keywords: learning losses; school reopening; personalised learning; assessment; remedial education An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Understanding the pricing of the ChatGPT API - API (OpenAI Developer Forum, 2024)
Greetings, if our institution opts for the Tier 3 plan for the ChatGPT API, allowing students to utilize our API, and the usage either surpasses or falls below the predefined limits of Tier 3, how does it influence the monthly pricing? To clarify, if usage exceeds the Tier 3 limits, will our monthly payment remain fixed at $1000, or will the pricing be adapted according to our actual usage? You can refer to the link provided for details on the tier plans: https://platform.openai.com/docs/guides/...

Understanding the professional learning and support needs of educators during the initial weeks of pandemic school closures through search terms and content use - Cavanaugh, Catherine; DeWeese, Abraham (Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 2020)
Beginning in February and March of 2020, school closures impacted at least 90% of the world’s population of students, according to UNESCO estimates. As educators swiftly shifted to teaching online, they sought information to guide their initial planning and teaching in new environments with new tools. Analysis of educators’ search terms and their use of support content during this period indicates the needs felt by educators globally and informs content and professional development support for preservice educators. The authors compared the volume of searches, frequency of search terms, and patterns of content use during this period to the previous year by educators using an education support website. Re- sults show that site use multiplied six times in volume, use of video increased by 30 times, and among the search terms and content topics used during and prior to this period, focus nar- rowed to digital and distance learning. Implications of these findings are that professional development providers can meet educators’ needs with video and a focus on the specific teaching practices that educators are learning as they transi- tion to distance teaching at an entry level. Keyword
Keywords: Communicable Diseases; Disease Control; Distance Education; Educational Needs; Educational Technology; Faculty Development; Online Courses; Online Searching; Teaching Methods; Technology Uses in Education; Video Technology; Web Sites; ⛔ No DOI found

Unequal access to remote schooling amid COVID-19 threatens to deepen global learning crisis - UNICEF (2020)

UNESCO laureate Room to Read Cambodia helps girls stay in school - UNESCO (2023)

UNICEF Data Warehouse - UNICEF (2023)

UNICEF Education COVID-19 Case Study - UNICEF Malaysia (2020)

UNICEF ROSA Monitoring Learning Continuity during COVID-19 Guidance and Survey Question Bank - UNICEF Regional Office for South Asia (2020)

UNICEF scales up support to keep children learning, as COVID-19 forces schools to close - UNICEF (2020)

UNICEF Yemen Country Office Humanitarian Situation Report (Reporting Period: 1 - 31 March 2020) [EN/AR] - Yemen - UNICEF (ReliefWeb, 2020)
Arabic Situation Report on Yemen about Contributions, Coordination, Children, IDPs, Epidemic, Flash Flood and more; published on 12 May 2020 by UNICEF

Unit Cost Budgeting? (1/4) Marc Robinson Blog - Robinson, Mark (2022)

United Republic of Tanzania - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UNESCO Institute for Statistics website, 2020)
...

Universal Access Development Fund | Home - Universal Access Development Fund (Sierra Leone) (2020)

Universal child benefits: Policy issues and options - ODI & UNICEF (Overseas Development Institute/ United Nations Children's Fund, 2020)

Universities to reopen in mid-June to final-year students - Kokutse, F. (2020)

Unlock Education for All: Focus on Children Furthest Behind - Taulo, Wongani Grace; Bergmann, Jessica; Dreesen, Thomas; Nugroho, Dita (Save Our Future, 2020)

Unlocking Data to Tell the Story of Education in Africa: Webinar Summary and Synthesis - Adam, Taskeen; Agyapong, Samuel; Asare, Samuel; Heady, Lucy; Wacharia, Wairimu; Mjomba, Renaldah; Mugo, John; Mukiria, Faith; Munday, Gemma (Zenodo, 2020)
[No description available.]

Unlocking data to tell the story of education in Africa: webinar summary & synthesis - Adam, Taskeen; Agyapong, Samuel; Asare, Samuel; Heady, Lucy; Wairimu, Wacharia; Mjomba, Renaldah; Mugo, John; Mukiria, Faith; Munday, Gemma (Zenodo, 2020)
[No description available.]
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:not_indexed; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

Unlocking data to tell the story of education in Africa: webinar summary & synthesis - Adam, Taskeen; Agyapong, Samuel; Asare, Samuel; Heady, Lucy; Wairimu, Wacharia; Mjomba, Renaldah; Mugo, John; Mukiria, Faith; Munday, Gemma (Zenodo, 2020)
[No description available.]
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:not_indexed; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

Unlocking Learning: The implementation and effectiveness of digital learning for Syrian refugees in Lebanon, Innocenti Research Report - Dreesen, Thomas; Kamei, Akito; Karamperidou, Despina; Abou Fakher, Sara; Marji, Lama; Ortiz Correa, Javier Santiago (UNICEF Office of Research - Innocenti, 2021)
Digital learning has the potential to offer interactive and personalized learning for children, in and out of school, including the most marginalized. However, depending on programme design, delivery, and use, digital learning can also exacerbate learning inequalities. This report presents tangible findings on the implementation and use of digital learning to improve outcomes for marginalized children in Lebanon. This report focuses on the UNICEF-Akelius Foundation Partnership and its implementation of a digital course used on tablets and mobile phones for language learning of Syrian refugees in Lebanon. The report provides findings across three areas: First, the report investigates the digital course’s use in a blended learning environment where it was used on tablets by students as part of traditional face-to-face classroom instruction with teachers. Second, the analysis examines the transition to remote learning where the course was used on devices owned by the household, supported by teachers remotely. Third, the report estimates the effectiveness of the use of the digital course during this period of remote learning from August–November 2020 showing positive results for language and art competencies.

Unlocking Talent - Unlocking Talent (2021)

Unprecedented pandemic, unprecedented shift, and unprecedented opportunity - Yan, Zheng (Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2020)

“Urban slum education”: a case study of children’s experience in Jakarta - Cho, InJung (Comparative International & Education Society (CIES), 2020)

Usability Testing of a Mobile-based Learning Management System for Teacher Continuous Professional Development in Tanzania - Kondoro, Aron; Maro, Salome; Mtebe, Joel; Haßler, Björn; Proctor, Jamie; EdTech Hub (The International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, 2023)
The last two decades have seen the growing adoption of mobile devices to enhance the quality of teachers' continuous professional development (TCPD) in low-income countries. Using mobile devices, typically not designed for educational use, presents new usability challenges, preventing teachers from effectively accessing learning materials in learning management systems (LMS). Therefore, it is important to test usability to improve the delivery of TCPD via mobile devices. This study evaluated the usability of TCPD-focused mobile-based LMS accessed via a mobile web browser and mobile app. The evaluation used a hybrid think-aloud method involving 63 teachers from 12 schools in Tanzania. Half of the schools were evaluated using a concurrent think-aloud method, and the other half using a retrospective think-aloud method. The study found that teachers encountered many usability problems in using the mobile app compared to those who accessed the LMS via mobile web browsers. The study also found usability flaws in the registration and login process, poor language translation, technical errors, and issues with quiz questions. These findings show the importance of user testing, even for well-developed LMS, such as Moodle. Additionally, this work provides useful guidance for those who want to implement mobile learning via an LMS in low-income countries.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

USAID Announces $74 Million for Early Grade Reading in Malawi | Press Release - USAID (U.S. Agency for International Development, 2022)
The U.S. government, through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), is supporting Malawi’s vision for early grade literacy through the new Next Generation (NextGen) early grade reading project. This investment of $74 million over the next five years, subject to appropriations, will improve the delivery of high-quality early grade reading instruction in all of Malawi’s over 5,700 public primary schools nationwide. Since 2015, the U.S. government has invested more than $136 million in Malawi’s early grade reading efforts.

USAID digital strategy - USAID (USAID, 2020)

USAID Digital Strategy - USAID (2020)

USAID Partnership for Education - USAID (Global Reading Network, 2020)
The USAID Ghana Partnership for Education: Learning activity developed a phonics-based reading program that will provide evidence-based tools and strategies for improving reading performance in 100 districts in Ghana, reaching approximately 1.1 million primary students. This brochure provides an overview of Learning’s approach, which includes teacher professional development models, methods for scaling up, a model for primary mathematics, a rigorous monitoring and support system and a learning-by-doing approach to capacity development. The brochure also highlights strong results from a prototype of the program conducted in the Dagbani language.

Use of adaptive computer assisted remediation programs to prevent student dropout in the context of COVID-19 - Angel-Urdinola, Diego (2020)

Use of Twitter Technology in Educational Learning - Sunday, Ajibo Anthony (The Turkish Online Journal of Educational Technology, 2021)
This paper explores the use of Twitter technology in educational learning and teaching in education system. The objectives of this study emphasizes on the contributions of Twitter to personal and educational learning experience, and its adoption for professional development in 21st century. Twitter technology was invented as a media outlet in 2006, to provide a unique kind of communication that allows only 140 numbers of characters. It is a technology that permits users to send and receive information on website, from mobile or computer-enabled internet. A Twitter requires a valid email address to sign up for an account and equally set up private profiles in line with the system command. Users share pictures, videos among other educational materials of what is happening in the world. Twitter is a social media platform that has drawn the attention of its users, especially the students and educators around the world. Secondary sources of data collection were adopted in the paper review. In spite of the short comings of Twitter technology, major findings revealed that the use of Twitter technology is becoming a common usage among students and professional development of educators across the world. Recommendations include the need for sustained campaign of the use of Twitter technology in institutions of learning across the world, especially in the developing countries, and the pedagogical adoption of Twitter for professional development of the future of education, as opposed to traditional method of teaching.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Using a Participatory Approach to Create SEL Programming: The Case of Ahlan Simsim - Kohn, Shanna; Foulds, Kim; Cole, Charlotte; Matthews, Mackenzie; Hussein, Laila (Journal on Education in Emergencies, 2021)
This paper highlights the use of a participatory, trauma-informed approach in the creation of Ahlan Simsim, a Sesame Street television program for the Middle East, and asserts the importance of using a participatory approach to designing culturally relevant social and emotional learning (SEL) content. Ahlan Simsim is a component of a larger initiative of the same name, which was created by Sesame Workshop and the International Rescue Committee and funded by the MacArthur and LEGO foundations. This program brings early learning and nurturing care to children and families affected by the Syrian crisis through a combination of mass media and direct service programming. In this article, we present a review of the research and consultations Sesame Workshop conducted with local communities and local child-development experts in Iraq, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon from August to November 2018. Sesame Workshop’s aim was to identify and refine the television program’s focus area and to create locally relevant, trauma-informed content that draws from SEL strategies that resonate most and have the greatest impact with audiences in the Syrian response region. We argue that, for SEL programming to achieve maximum impact, it is critical that program designers develop socialemotional frameworks for children from the ground up by working with local caregivers and practitioners.

Using AI to Automate Literature Reviews - Haßler, Björn; Hassan, Mustafa; Klune, Christopher (EdTech Hub, 2024)
In many research organisations, systematic literature reviews often happen manually, especially at country-level. To improve the speed of literature reviews and improve the efficiency of literature reviews across the sector, the present document presents a short topic brief that explores the use of AI to automate EdTech literature reviews. The topic brief considers several questions: What tools are available for conducting automated evidence reviews? How appropriate are these existing tools? Are they easy to use? Do they have licensing or cost barriers? How advanced are these AI tools?
Keywords: _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; coming soon

Using Blended Learning to Support Marginalised Adolescent Girls’ Education: A Review of the Evidence - Allier-Gagneur, Zoé; Chuang, Rachel; McBurnie, Chris; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This topic brief reviews evidence about the use of blended learning to support the education of marginalised adolescent girls in low- and middle- income countries.
Keywords: F: Helpdesk response; H:Blended learning; L:Gender and education; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; ___working_potential_duplicate; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; _zenodoETH:submitted; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

Using community-based structures in education programming - Sarton, Emma; Thukral, Hetal (2021)
This Thematic Review summarises the learning around how community-based structures (CBSs) supported projects during COVID-19 school and community-based education closures. It examines the role of CBSs in supporting Girls’ Education Challenge projects to pivot successfully and identifies six characteristics of successful utilisation of CBSs. This Thematic Review is primarily aimed at projects, implementors and non-governmental organisations interested in working with CBSs to maximise project outcomes now and in the future. It is also useful for researchers and policy makers, supporting conversations about how to best work with communities and CBSs.

Using data to improve the quality of education - UNESCO IIEP (Monitoring Learning, 2020)

Using digital technologies to re-imagine cash transfers during the Covid-19 crisis - Soon-Shiong, Nika; Qhotsokoane, Tebello; Phillips, Toby (Digital Pathways at Oxford, 2020)

Using EdTech in Settings of Fragility, Conflict and Violence: A Curated Resource List - Koomar, Saalim; Moss Coflan, Caitlin; Kaye, Tom (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This curated list of resources collates interventions that effectively deploy education technology in settings of fragility, conflict and violence (FCV). This list explores effective uses of EdTech in FCV settings, emphasising interventions and evidence relevant to the Yemeni context and distance learning during the Covid-19 crisis.
Keywords: C:Yemen; F: Helpdesk response; LP: English; W:Fragile and conflict affected contexts; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

Using EdTech to Support Effective Data Monitoring: A Curated Resource List. - Koomar, Saalim; Blest, Harriet (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This list curates resources on the use of EdTech to support the effective monitoring of educational outcomes, such as learning, reporting, and attendance. Resources shared are both tools and initiatives that can be adapted to support effective educational monitoring.
Keywords: C:Mozambique; ES:Educational data; ES:Monitoring and evaluation; F: Helpdesk response; L:Low-level foundational skills; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; ___working_potential_duplicate; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; _zenodoETH:submitted

Using EdTech to Support Effective Data Monitoring: A Curated Resource List - Koomar, Salim; Blest, Harriet (2020)
[No description available.]

Using EdTech to Support Learning Remotely in the Early Years. Rapid Literature Review of Evidence from the Global Response to Covid-19. - Korin, Astrid (EdTech Hub, 2021)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org This topic brief examines the literature on technology-based, remote approaches to supporting learning in the early years for children from birth to age five, identifying promising practices for using EdTech in early childhood education (ECE) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It draws on the nurturing care framework, Principles for Digital Development, and effective pedagogical practices for ECE.
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v3; _r:AddedByZotZen; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH

Using Education Technology to Support Students with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries - Coflan, Caitlin Moss; Kaye, Thomas (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This brief focuses on how policymakers can make decisions about EdTech to support learners with special educational needs and/or disabilities (SEND) while offering policymakers the rationale and tools to move towards an inclusive approach. It also includes a detailed annex with descriptions, costs, availability, and examples of accessible and assistive technologies.
Keywords: F: Helpdesk response; L:Special education needs and disabilities (SEND); LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:indexed; _MELA_seen; ___working_potential_duplicate; _cover:v1; _r:CopiedFromEvLib; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-dode

Using educational transitions to estimate learning loss due to COVID-19 school closures: The case of Complementary Basic Education in Ghana - Sabates, Ricardo; Carter, Emma; Stern, Jonathan M.B. (International Journal of Educational Development, 2021)
• Estimate learning losses during grade transition for disadvantaged and previously out of school students in Ghana. • The estimated average learning loss is around 66 % of previous learning gains in foundational numeracy during this transition period. • Widening gaps in learning loss are found according to availability of home learning support, as well as home learning resources. • Learning at home and in communities has to be reimagined if gains are to be achieved and losses are to be mitigated in the post-COVID 19 era. Learning loss is expected for millions of children who have been out of school as a result of the current COVID-19 pandemic. Unfortunately, it is uncertain how much learning will be lost and how wide the gaps may be for disadvantaged children. This paper uses a unique longitudinal dataset to estimate learning loss during a three-month transition from Complementary Basic Education to government schools in Ghana. Our results show an average learning loss of 66 % of previous learning gains in foundational numeracy during this transition period. More importantly, we estimate widening gaps in learning loss according to lack of home learning support, as well as lack of home learning resources. Our results have implications for the provision of learning activities and support at home, not just during current school closures due to COVID-19, but also during transitions between academic years.
Keywords: BASIC education; CHILDREN with social disabilities; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 school closure; EDUCATIONAL outcomes; Equity; Ghana; Learning; Literacy; Numeracy; SCHOOL closings

Using evidence in practice when there is high uncertainty on what works - Rahman, Asad; Simpson, Lea; Wilkinson, James; Kuria, Catherine; Kably, Nathan; Plaut, Daniel; Tanweer, Rabia; Mbugua, Ciku (EdTech Hub, 2023)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Using evidence to strengthen tech-supported teacher professional development in Madagascar - Koomar, Saalim; Moss Coflan, Caitlin; Rasolohéry, Hasiniavo (EdTech Hub, 2021)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; ___working_potential_duplicate; _r:AddedByZotZen; _zenodoETH

Using innovative methods to train teachers of blind children: what we learned - Kweyu, Ignatius; Koszorus, Ferenc (EdTech Hub, 2021)
Governments all over the world have closed learning institutions because of the Covid-19 pandemic, including in Kenya. This has exacerbated the global learning crisis and made it more difficult for teachers, parents, and caregivers to include children with disabilities in quality education. To ensure learners with disabilities were not left behind during Covid-19 school closures, eKitabu partnered with EdTech Hub…
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; ___working_potential_duplicate; _zenodoETH

Using Interactive Radio Instruction to Mitigate the Educational Impact of Covid-19: A curated resource list - McBurnie, Chris (EdTech Hub, 2020)
Interactive Radio Instruction (IRI) is a distance education tool that enables educators to use radio broadcasts to direct active learning in the home. This curated list of resources aims to inform and support the use of IRI to mitigate the educational impact of Covid-19.
Keywords: COV:COVID and reopening of schools; F: Helpdesk response; H:Radio; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:not_indexed; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _r:CopiedFromEvLib; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

Using learning profiles to inform education priorities: An editors’ overview of the Special Issue - Crouch, Luis; Kaffenberger, Michelle; Savage, Laura (International Journal of Educational Development, 2021)
This special issue explores the use of learning profiles for analysing the dynamics of low learning in low- and middle-income countries and informing priorities to address the learning crisis. The 12 papers in the special issue draw on learning data from more than 50 countries and 6 million individuals, with implications for education policy and practice. Taken together, they point to a need to steepen learning trajectories by prioritizing early mastery of foundational skills for all children. The papers show that addressing the learning crisis will not be achieved through more school grade attainment alone, nor through within-country equality across groups (such as girls and boys or rich and poor). Positive examples show that programs focused on foundational learning both improved average learning and reduced inequality. Addressing the learning crisis will require a focus on systems improvement, using foundational learning as a case in point for making the needed systems improvements to steepen learning throughout children’s time in school. Learning profiles can provide a guide for education actors aiming to improve learning outcomes.
Keywords: Education systems; Foundational skills; Inequality; Learning crisis; Learning profiles

Using Nudges to Prevent Student Dropouts in the Pandemic - Lichand, Guilherme; Christen, Julien (arXiv, 2020)
The impacts of COVID-19 reach far beyond the hundreds of lives lost to the disease; in particular, the pre-existing learning crisis is expected to be magnified during school shutdown. Despite efforts to put distance learning strategies in place, the threat of student dropouts, especially among adolescents, looms as a major concern. Are interventions to motivate adolescents to stay in school effective amidst the pandemic? Here we show that, in Brazil, nudges via text messages to high-school students, to motivate them to stay engaged with school activities, substantially reduced dropouts during school shutdown, and greatly increased their motivation to go back to school when classes resume. While such nudges had been shown to decrease dropouts during normal times, it is surprising that those impacts replicate in the absence of regular classes because their effects are typically mediated by teachers (whose effort in the classroom changes in response to the nudges). Results show that insights from the science of adolescent psychology can be leveraged to shift developmental trajectories at a critical juncture. They also qualify those insights: effects increase with exposure and gradually fade out once communication stops, providing novel evidence that motivational interventions work by redirecting adolescents' attention.
Keywords: Economics - General Economics

Using participatory design approaches in educational research - Cumbo, Bronwyn; Selwyn, Neil (International Journal of Research & Method in Education, 2022)
Educational researchers are showing a growing interest in Participatory Design (PD) and other collaborative co-design approaches. This paper considers the ways in which education researchers considering PD can benefit from drawing on the approach’s heritage in the 1970s’ Scandinavian ‘cooperative inquiry’ tradition. In particular, the paper highlights four core principles from the Scandinavian tradition, i.e.: the pursuit of socio-ethical outcomes, sustained consideration of what constitutes ‘participation’ and ‘practice’, and PD as a design process. While positioning these principles in school-based research is not easy, the paper considers how this has been achieved within the field of child-computer-interaction – an area of research that is also often conducted with children in educational institutions. While remaining mindful of the institutional constraints of school-based research, we argue that these Scandinavian principles can be borrowed and built upon by educational researchers – thereby extending the scope and ambitions of educational PD research.
Keywords: Participatory methods; Scandinavian tradition; co-design; educational research; participatory design

Using Technology to Change Education: Blended Learning in the Science Classroom - Washington, LaToya (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Using Technology to Improve Education for Marginalised Girls: Lessons in implementation from the Girls’ Education Challenge - Anonymised for Peer Review Purposes (EdTech Hub, 2023)
This article presents the findings of an in-depth study on the implementation of six EdTech-supported projects within the UK Government Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO)’s Girls’ Education Challenge portfolio, which aims to improve education for the world’s most marginalised girls. Using primary key informant interviews and secondary data from sampled projects, the study identifies the core components related to the implementation of EdTech within the sampled projects: evidence-informed design and delivery; building and maintaining relationships across and between stakeholders; comprehensive and continuous training and capacity development; and situating EdTech within a broader holistic model that prioritises gender inclusion to optimise implementation for marginalised girls. In doing so, the study provides key lessons for optimising the future implementation of EdTech for marginalised girls. Keywords: educational technology; girls’ education; programme implementation; Covid-19 An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Using technology to improve the equity of teacher allocation in Sierra Leone: the challenge and a way forward - McBurnie, Chris; Vijil, Alejandra; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2022)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Using technology to support teacher continuous professional development in Sierra Leone - Beoku-Betts, Iman; Plaut, Daniel; Tanweer, Rabia; Tanweer, Iman Beoku-Betts, Daniel Plaut and Rabia (EdTech Hub, 2022)
In Sierra Leone, EdTech Hub has been working closely with the TSC and the World Bank over the last 18 months to design a TCPD model that will provide primary school teachers with tools to improve their literacy and numeracy instruction.

Using telecollaboration to promote intercultural competence in teacher training classrooms in Turkey and the USA - Üzüm, Babürhan; Akayoglu, Sedat; Yazan, Bedrettin (ReCALL, 2020)
Since advances in computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools have made virtual exchanges readily available in educational practices, telecollaboration has been gaining traction as a means to provide practical experiences and cultural exposure to language learners and, more recently, teacher trainees. Drawing upon Byram’s (1997) model of intercultural communicative competence (ICC), this study examines 48 teacher trainees’ interculturality through a telecollaborative project between two teacher training classes from Turkey and the USA. This study relies on data generated by the participants throughout this telecollaborative project: weekly online discussion board posts within groups of six and post-project reflections. Although developing ICC is an arduous and prolonged task, the data analysis suggested that the participants’ experiences in this telecollaboration contributed to their emergent ICC through discussions on the topics of multicultural education and interactions with trainees from another educational context. Their intercultural learning is evidenced by their (1) awareness of heterogeneity in their own and interactants’ culture, (2) nascent critical cultural awareness, and (3) curiosity and willingness to learn more about the other culture. Thus, this study implies that telecollaboration offers an effective teacher training venue that affords teacher trainees with first-hand intercultural encounters to engage with otherness and prepare for their ethnolinguistically diverse classrooms.
Keywords: critical cultural awareness; intercultural communicative competence; teacher training; telecollaboration

Using Transparency To Create Accountability When School Buildings Are Closed and Tests Are Canceled - Gill, Brian P. (Education Next, 2020)
The districts and schools most likely to succeed in remote education will be those that provide a substantial amount of synchronous instruction and live student–teacher interaction.

Using virtual reality to help teachers better support refugee students - Chinen, Marjorie; Oviedo, Ana María (2022)
Virtual reality (VR) offers teachers and school administrators opportunities to foster empathy and cohesion with refugee students, as is already happening through a World Bank-supported project in Türkiye.

Uso de la Plataforma Zoom y la Competencia se comunica Oralmente en su Lengua Materna en Estudiantes de Educación Secundaria de la Institución Educativa Unión Zapotillo N°64647-Yarinacocha 2020 - Flores Fasanando, Giuliana (Universidad Nacional de Ucayali, 2021)
La finalidad de esta investigación fue, determinar la relación que existe entre el uso de la plataforma zoom y la competencia se comunica oralmente en su lengua materna en estudiantes de educación secundaria de la institución educativa Unión Zapotillo N° 64647 - Yarinacocha 2020. De muestreo no probabilístico, de tipo básica o pura con diseño no experimental descriptivo correlacional con una muestra de 91 estudiantes. Como instrumento se utilizó un cuestionario para evaluar el uso de la plataforma Zoom y una guía de observación para evaluar la capacidad se comunica oralmente en su lengua materna. Finalmente, los datos fueron a la base de datos de Excel para procesarlos obteniendo un coeficiente de correlación de Pearson de r=0,720, se obtuvo un p=0.000, lo que confirma la existencia de una relación significativa, ya que p es menor a 0,05. Es decir, existe una correlación directa entre el uso de plataforma zoom y la competencia se comunica oralmente como lengua materna en estudiantes de educación secundaria de la institución educativa Unión Zapotillo N° 64647- Yarinacocha 2020.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Ustad Mobile – Access and share education content offline - Ustad (Ustad Mobile, 2020)

Uwezo Learning Assessment 2021 – UsawaAgenda - Uwezo (2021)

Uzoefu wa Walimu katika kufundisha kwa kutumia teknolojia nchini Tanzania Mapendekezo Juu ya Sera na Utekelezaji - Hennessy, Sara; Koomar, Saalim; Kreimeia, Adam (EdTech Hub, 2023)
This is a Swahili version of the policy brief Teachers’ Experiences of Teaching With Technology in Tanzania: Recommendations for policy and practice published in October 2022. Muhtasari huu wa masuala ya kisera unatoa ripoti ya utafiti wa walimu nchini Tanzania (Julai-Novemba 2021) ambao EdTech Hub iliagiza HakiElimu kuufanya ili kuchangia taarifa itakayosaidia mchakato endelevu wa serikali kuleta mageuzi ya MEWAKA katika ngazi za shule na vituo vya walimu. Dodoso zilichukuliwa kutoka katika uchunguzi wa kihistoria wa kimataifa uliohusisha takriban walimu 20,000+ , kuhusu uzoefu na changamoto zao katika ufikiaji na matumizi ya EdTech, ufundishaji na ujifunzaji, na maendeleo ya kitaaluma katika mwaka 2021, iliyoripotiwa na timu kutoka T4 Education na EdTech Hub. Maneno muhimu: teknolojia ya elimu; matokeo ya kujifunza; mahitaji ya mwalimu; mafunzo endelevu ya taaluma ya ualimu; sauti ya mwalimu / Kauli ya mwalimu; ufikiaji wa teknolojia An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

V-Dem Dataset v13 - Coppedge, M. et al. (Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project, 2023)

Valuation of incentives to recruit and retain teachers in rural schools: Evidence from a choice experiment in Cambodia and Laos - Sisouphanthong, Viriyasack; Suruga, Terukazu; Kyophilavong, Phouphet (Cogent Education, 2020)
To provide an appropriate incentive for teaching profession, the important questions are “how much should we pay?” and “which factors influence potential teachers’ decision the most?” This research evaluates the factors that discourage and encourage potential teachers to join the profession in Cambodia and Laos by applying a discrete choice experiment to analysis teacher trainees’ preferences for school location, classroom condition, non-teaching professions, and indirect monetary incentives. The result highlights reasons and a possibility of potential teachers to leave the educational system.
Keywords: Cambodia; Laos; discrete choice experiment; incentives; teacher recruitment

Value for money and adaptive programming: Approaches, measurement and management - Laws, Ed; Valters, Craig (Overseas Development Institute (ODI), 2021)

Value for Money Policy and Procedure - EdTech Hub (2020)

Verna Lalbeharie joins EdTech Hub as incoming Executive Director - Hub, EdTech (EdTech Hub, 2021)
We are excited to announce that Verna Lalbeharie is joining EdTech Hub as the incoming Executive Director. A native of South Africa, now living in North Carolina (USA), Lalbeharie brings not only 25 years of EdTech expertise to the role, but also a career-spanning commitment to evidence-building in education technology to create a more equitable future for all students. “When…
Keywords: _EdTechHub_Output

Videos as a Tool in Teacher Professional Learning: How Do Videos Scaffold Teachers’ Understanding of the Behaviours of Students with ASD? - Lam, Cici Sze-ching (Promoting Collaborative Learning Cultures to Help Teachers Support Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder, 2022)
Videos are often used in teacher training. However, when considering professional learning for teachers in supporting students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the manner by which teacher educators can make use of videos in professional learning has rarely been documented. On the basis of a model called ‘Fostering a Community of Learners’ (FCL), this chapter aims to show a case study on how a professional learning course for in-service teachers uses videos as a tool to train teachers in understanding pedagogies and handling students with ASD, thus providing a platform for teachers to discuss their common points of interest. Individual interviews were conducted to understand the process of video learning. Hopefully, this article will inform practitioners or teacher educators on the use of videos and case studies in assisting teachers to understand the needs of students with ASD. Implications focus on how scaffolding of knowledge of the behaviours of students was supported with the use of videos in an FCL cycle.
Keywords: Scaffolding; Teaching self-efficacy; Video learning

Virtual learning under lockdown casts doubt on Kenya as the Silicon Savannah - Miller, Noah (Africa at LSE, 2020)
Kenya's response to the COVID-19 epidemic challenges its reputation as the Silicon Savannah when it comes to the switch to digital education.

“Virtual Nagging”: Comprehension-based external regulation and success support for online learners - Semingson, Peggy; Owens, Dana; Kerns, William (2020)
Recent research and literature champions the power of nudge emails to coax students to make positive choices for their learning (Cavanagh & Eastham, 2019). This roundtable session and paper n expands on this concept more broadly and provides a comprehensive overview on the literature of external regulation for helping online learners to stay organized, focused, motivated, and “on top of” readings and assignments within an online course. As literacy teacher educators, we encourage the use of comprehension-focused overviews to help students fully understand the scope of tasks at the course level and the module level. Due to the challenging nature of distance and the need to stay on track with the pace of distance learning, instructors need to be able to communicate and support students in a variety of ways using language-based virtual outreach. We deem this as “virtual nagging” due to our experiences with virtual communications outreach in an all online master’s level literacy teacher education program. We provide key
Keywords: Distance/Flexible Education; Instructional Design; ⛔ No DOI found

Virtual Roundtable on Structured Pedagogy - better purpose (2020)

Virtual Sandbox Pack - Rahman, Asad; Carter, Alice (EdTech Hub, 2020)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Virtual teacher coaching may not be the solution we hoped for - Evans, David (Center For Global Development, 2020)
How can we help teachers to upgrade their pedagogical skills? Teacher coaching is a promising and increasingly popular candidate. Teacher coaching means teachers receive feedback in their place of work on specific things they can do better, not some general theory of pedagogy that’s completely disconnected from their day-to-day practice.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Virtual Teacher Coaching May Not Be the Solution We Hoped For - Evans, David (Center For Global Development, 2020)
How can we help teachers to upgrade their pedagogical skills? Teacher coaching is a promising and increasingly popular candidate. Teacher coaching means teachers receive feedback in their place of work on specific things they can do better, not some general theory of pedagogy that’s completely disconnected from their day-to-day practice.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Virtual University of Pakistan (2020)

Voices and Evidence from End-Users of the GLTV and GLRRP Remote Learning Programme in Ghana: Insights for inclusive policy and programming - Hodor, Raymond; Owusu, Ernest Adu; Ofori-Davis, Lucy; Afram, Alexander; Sefa-Nyarko, Clement (EdTech Hub, 2021)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

“We Always Make It Work”: Teachers’ agency in the time of crisis - Gudmundsdottir, Greta Björk; Hathoway, Dawn; Hathaway, Dawn M (Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 2020)
As of mid-April 2020, 1.5 billion learners were affected by school closures across 191 countries due to the COVID-19 pandemic (UNESCO, 2020). During the weeks of school closures, teachers were expected to become online teach- ers overnight. As teacher educators, we were curious about teachers’ readiness for online practice. In the Teachers’ Read- iness Online (TRIO) survey (Gudmundsdottir & Hathaway, 2020), distributed internationally, we collected perspectives from 1186 teachers about their experiences related to online teaching in the early weeks of COVID-19 school closures. In this paper, we present preliminary data from Norwegian and US teachers related to previous experiences with online teaching and elaborations on readiness. We examined data for evidence of pedagogical, ethical, attitudinal, and technical (PEAT) dimensions (Dicte, 2019) to determine how teachers’ agency was activated in the times of the COVID-19 pandem- ic. Findings highlight that despite teachers’ inexperience and unpreparedness for online teaching, they were moderately prepared to use various digital tools and willing to make on- line learning work for them and their students.
Keywords: Communicable Diseases; Computer Assisted Instruction; Crisis Management; Disease Control; Educational Technology; Elementary School Teachers; Foreign Countries; Online Courses; Professional Autonomy; Public Health; Readiness; Secondary School Teachers; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Empowerment; Teaching Experience; Teaching Methods; ⛔ No DOI found

WebPower package - RDocumentation - Zhang, Zhiyong (2022)

Welcome to TeleTaleem - TeleTaleem (2020)