Financing Education in sub-Saharan Africa : Meeting the Challenges of Expansion, Equity and Quality - UNESCO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2011)

Fixing the Broken Promise of Education for All: Findings from the Global Initiative on Out-of-School Children - UNESCO (2015)

Global Education Monitoring Report 2017/8: Accountability in education - meeting our commitments - UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, 2017)

Global education monitoring report, 2019: Migration, displacement and education: building bridges, not walls - UNESCO (UNESCO, 2018)

ICT Transforming Education in Africa - UNESCO (2017)

ICT Transforming Education in Africa UNESCO-KFIT project update, January-March 2019 - UNESCO (2019)

ICT Transforming Education in Africa UNESCO-KFIT project update, January-March 2019 - UNESCO Digital Library - UNESCO (UNESCO, 2019)

If you don't understand, how can you learn? - UNESCO (2016)

If you don't understand, how can you learn? - UNESCO (2016)

If you don't understand, how can you learn? - UNESCO (UNESCO, 2016)

Incheon Declaration and Framework for Action for the implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all - UNESCO (2015)

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Education in Five Arab States. Information paper - UNESCO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2013)

Measuring Gender Equality in Science and Engineering : The SAGA Toolkit - UNESCO (2017)

MTB MLE resource kit: Including the excluded: promoting multilingual education - UNESCO (UNESCO Office Bangkok and Regional Bureau for Education in Asia and the Pacific, 2018)

New Methodology Shows that 258 Million Children, Adolescents and Youth Are Out of School - UNESCO (2019)

Out-of-School Children and Youth - UNESCO (2016)
About 258 million children and youth are out of school, according to UIS data for the school year ending in 2018. The total includes 59 million children of primary school age, 62 million of lower secondary school age and 138 million of upper secondary age....

Pricing the right to education: the cost of reaching new targets by 2030 (Education for All Global Monitoring Report. Policy Paper 18; July 2015 update). - UNESCO (2015)

Proportion of schools with access to basic facilities, all schools - UNESCO (2018)

Regional overview: Latin America and the Caribbean - UNESCO (2010)

Right to education handbook - UNESCO (UNESCO, 2019)

Supporting teachers with mobile technology: lessons drawn from UNESCO projects in Mexico, Nigeria, Senegal and Pakistan - UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, 2017)

Teaching and learning: achieving quality for all - UNESCO (EFA Global Monitoring Report, 2014)
Keywords: AWP2; AWP2-actual; CitedIn:AKFC; CitedIn:OER4S-TPE-HHH2; CitedIn:OER4Schools-2012-HHH1; CitedIn:OER4Schools-HHH3; CitedIn:OER4Schools-HHH3-A; CitedIn:OER4Schools-HHH3-A-PREVIOUS; CitedIn:OER4Schools-HHH3-B; CitedIn:PhD_Thesis; EfA; GMR; RPF-May-2016

The world is off track in achieving the global education goal, SDG4 - UNESCO (UNESCO, 2019)

The world needs almsot 69 million new teachers tp reach the 2030 education goals (UIS Fact Sheet n. 39) - UNESCO (UNESCO, 2016)

Training Trainers on Gender Responsive Pedagogy | UNESCO-IICBA - UNESCO (2019)

UNESCO Competency Framework for Teachers Version 3. - UNESCO (2018)

UNESCO ICT Competency Framework for Teachers - UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, 2018)

UNESCO ICT competency framework for teachers version 3 - UNESCO (2018)
UNESCO developed the ICT Competency Framework for Teachers (ICT CFT) as a tool to guide pre and in service teacher training on the use of ICTs across the education system. The ICT CFT is intended to be adapted to support national and institutional goals by providing an up-to-date framework for policy development and capacity building in this dynamic area. The ICT Competency Framework for Teachers (ICT CFT) Version 3 is a response to recent technological and pedagogical developments in the field of ICT and Education, and incorporates in its structure inclusive principles of non-discrimination, open and equitable information accessibility and gender equality in the delivery of education supported by technology. It addresses the impacts of recent technological advances on education and learning, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Mobile Technologies, the Internet of Things and Open Educational Resources, to support the creation of inclusive Knowledge Societies. [Publisher summary, ed]
Keywords: auto_merged

UNESCO ICT Competency Framework for Teachers: version 3. - UNESCO (2018)
UNESCO developed the ICT Competency Framework for Teachers (ICT CFT) as a tool to guide pre and in service teacher training on the use of ICTs across the education system. The ICT CFT is intended to be adapted to support national and institutional goals by providing an up-to-date framework for policy development and capacity building in this dynamic area. The ICT Competency Framework for Teachers (ICT CFT) Version 3 is a response to recent technological and pedagogical developments in the field of ICT and Education, and incorporates in its structure inclusive principles of non-discrimination, open and equitable information accessibility and gender equality in the delivery of education supported by technology. It addresses the impacts of recent technological advances on education and learning, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Mobile Technologies, the Internet of Things and Open Educational Resources, to support the creation of inclusive Knowledge Societies. [Publisher summary, ed]

UNESCO ICT COMPETENCY FRAMEWORKFOR TEACHERS - UNESCO (UNESCO, 2011)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

UNESCO schools give hope to Syrian refugees in Lebanon - UNESCO (2019)
“Enrolling in this school gave me hope,” says Asma Al Ahmad who fled the conflict in the Syrian Arab Republic and found refuge in the Bekaa region of Lebanon. The 16-year-old girl was deprived of education for two years, living in a refugee camp in Saadnayel. Last year, she was offered the opportunity to resume her education at a middle school established by UNESCO to provide educational complementary support programmes for young displaced Syrians. "I hope I will have a future and succeed in life, she says.

UNESCO | Statistics on Radio - UNESCO (2013)

What makes a good classroom? New UIS data on school conditions - UNESCO (UNESCO, 2019)
New data from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) reveal serious disparities in the schooling conditions facing children and teachers – from access to electricity, clean drinking water and single sex-toilets to Internet access and computers. Classroom conditions are key in providing a quality education for all. For children who struggle to enrol in school, for example due to poverty or discrimination on the grounds of gender or disability, poor school conditions can further undermine their chances of a quality education. What are the new data looking at?

World Data on Education: Bhutan - UNESCO (2011)

Worldreader - Data on Mobile Reading in Africa and Asia - UNESCO (Worldreader, 2014)
See pie charts, graphs, and more from UNESCO's report on Worldreader's users. Study conducted in partnership with Nokia.

Youth and skills: Putting education to work - UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, 2012)

Youth and skills: putting education to work, EFA global monitoring report, 2012 - UNESCO (2012)

Education sector analysis methodological guidelines - UNESCO-IIEP; World Bank; UNICEF; Global Partnership for Education (2014)
The Methodological Guidelines provide methods for carrying out a comprehensive analysis of the education sector in developing countries. Volume 1 of the guidelines discusses the context for the development of the education sector, enrollment, internal efficiency, out-of-school children, cost and financing, quality, system capacity and management, external efficiency and equity.

Education sector analysis methodological guidelines. Vol. 2: Sub-sector specific analysis - UNESCO-IIEP; World Bank; UNICEF; Global Partnership for Education (2019)
The purpose of these guidelines is to provide methods for comprehensive education sector analyses to support the preparation and monitoring of education sector plans. They are an update of a 1999 document that has been used to support the preparation of approximately 70 Education Country Status Reports (CSR) in more than 40 countries. The goal of the guidelines is to strengthen national capacities in order that Government teams can conduct education sector analyses with progressively less external support.

6 out of 10 children and adolescents are not learning a minimum in reading and math - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (News, Sustainable Development Goals, 2017)
New data from the UNESCO Institute for Statistics show that 617 million children and adolescents worldwide are not achieving minimum proficiency levels in reading and mathematics. The figure signals “a learning crisis” according to the UIS, which could threaten progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)....

Global Initiative on Out-of-School Children: Regional Report, West and Central Africa - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2014)

ICT in education statistics: shifting from regional reporting to global monitoring;progress made, challenges encountered, and the way forward - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2016)

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Education in sub-Saharan Africa: A comparative analysis of basic e-readiness in schools. Information Paper No. 25 - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2015)

More Than One-Half of Children and Adolescents Are Not Learning Worldwide - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2017)

New methodology shows that 258 million children, adolescents and youth are out of school - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2019)

Sustainable Development Goal 4 : 4.a.1 Proportion of schools with access to basic facilities, all schools - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018)

UIS Statistics - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

UIS Statistics - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

UIS Statistics - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2018)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

New methodology shows that 258 million Children, Adolescents and Youth are out of school - UNESCO-UIS (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, 2019)

The Technological, Economic, and Social Contexts for Educational ICT Policy - UNESCO; Kozma, Robert B. (Transforming education: the power of ICT policies, 2011)

More than One-Half of Children and Adolescents Are Not Learning Worldwide - UNESCO; UIS (UNESCO, 2017)
This paper presents the first estimates for a key target of Sustainable Development Goal 4, which requires primary and secondary education that lead to relevant and effective learning outcomes. By developing a new methodology and database, the UIS has produced a global snapshot of the learning situation facing children and adolescents who are in school and out. The data show the critical need to improve the quality of education while expanding access to ensure that no one is left behind. The paper also discusses the importance of benchmarking and the concept of minimum proficiency levels.

Guidance for developing gender-responsive education sector plans | Documents | Global Partnership for Education - UNGEI; GPE; UNICEF (2018)
The Guidance developed by GPE and UNGEI, with support from UNICEF, has been designed to help deliver on the commitment of the Sustainable Development Goals and Education 2030 to achieve gender equality in education. The tool will help developing countries put in place gender-sensitive policies, plans and learning environments, with a view to transform the way education systems function.

UNHCR Global Trends 2018 - UNHCR (UNHCR, 2018)

VASYR 2017: Vulnerability Assessment of Syrian Refugees in Lebanon - Lebanon - UNHCR; UNICEF; WFP (ReliefWeb, 2017)
English Assessment on Lebanon about Coordination, Education and more; published on 15 Dec 2017 by UNHCR, UNICEF and 2 other organizations

Child disciplinary practices at home: evidence from a range of low- and middle-income countries - UNICEF (2010)
The UNICEF report on Child Disciplinary Practices at Home addresses the development of a national research agenda on violence against children across settings where violence occurs.

Child Safety Online: Global challenges and strategies - UNICEF (Innocenti Publications, 2011)
The Internet, mobile phones and other electronic media provide children and young people with levels of access to information, culture, communication and entertainment impossible to imagine just 20 years ago. With many of their extraordinary benefits

Day of the Girl Child - 2016 - UNICEF (2016)

Digital literacy for children — 10 things to know - UNICEF (2019)
Digital literacy goes beyond technical know-how. It refers to the knowledge, skills and attitudes that allow children to be both safe and empowered in an increasingly digital world. This encompasses their play,  participation, socializing, searching and learning through digital technologies. What constitutes digital literacy will vary according to children’s age, local culture and context.   Children need to be digitally literate even when they are not online. Facial scanning and artificial intelligence-based profiling increasingly affect children’s lives. Children’s schooling, social welfare and future job opportunities may depend on how well they understand the digital world around them.   Digital literacy is a growing part of any approach to skills development. It features in UNICEF’s framework which seeks to prepare children and adolescents for school, work and life. In addition to digital literacy, other interconnected skills for UNICEF are: foundational skills (literacy and numeracy); transferable skills (also known as life skills, 21st-century skills or soft skills); and job-specific skills (technical and vocational skills).   Tools to develop and assess digital literacy are proliferating. A number of digital competence frameworks have been developed by both international agencies and companies. Frameworks are a necessary starting point as they define the boundaries of what constitutes digital literacy and inform curricula and assessments. Despite using a range of labels (e.g. digital literacy, skills, citizenship), they broadly converge around the idea of a set of competencies that include technical as well as transferable skills, such as communication and problem solving.   Yet most existing tools place little emphasis on children. Digital literacy definitions usually focus on citizens of all ages and not on children specifically. UNICEF believes there is a need to focus more on digital literacy for children, who have unique needs. In this area, there is a slow change from a risk and safety paradigm towards rights-based approaches that favour expression, play and development.   Few programmes operate at scale or have been evaluated for impact. One contributing factor is the lack of global consensus and standards that makes it difficult for governments and other stakeholders to design and implement comparative and cost-effective initiatives, especially within developing countries.   Similarly, UNICEF programmes would benefit from greater coordination. While UNICEF has delivered a range of digital literacy programmes at the request of governments, a survey of 40 initiatives carried out by 37 Country Offices shows they are not well coordinated with each other, and knowledge is not systematically generated or shared about efficacy and impact.   Implementing digital literacy is not easy. According to the Country Offices surveyed, key barriers to digital literacy programming are: lack of teachers’ and trainers’ capacity; lack of ICT infrastructure; low connectivity (especially for remote areas); and a lack of understanding from decision-makers. The Country Offices are asking for policy development support, digital literacy frameworks, curriculum guidelines and practical tools, such as training manuals and toolkits.   Some existing digital literacy frameworks or tools suit UNICEF well. These include the DigComp framework of the European Commission and the Digital Kids Asia-Pacific framework developed by the UNESCO Asia and Pacific Regional Office in Bangkok. If using existing digital literacy frameworks, UNICEF can add value by focusing on children.   Digital literacy programmes should be context-driven. Implementing digital literacy programmes effectively requires more than simply importing a good programme from elsewhere. Beyond choosing a framework, an integrated approach to digital literacy involves undertaking a preliminary diagnostic review of the local context, developing operationalization guidelines and conducting impact assessments.

Early Literacy and Multilingual Education in South Asia - UNICEF (2019)

Every child learns: UNICEF education strategy 2019–2030 - UNICEF (2019)
UNICEF education strategy 2019–2030

Every child learns: UNICEF education strategy 2019-2030 - UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund, 2019)

Ghana (GHA) - Demographics, Health & Infant Mortality - UNICEF (UNICEF DATA, 2018)

GirlForce: Skills, education and training for girls now - UNICEF (UNICEF DATA, 2018)
A generation of girls risk being left outside the labour force or trapped in vulnerable or low quality employment, due to a lack of skills, absence of quality jobs, and gendered expectations of their roles as caregivers. The brochure uses the most recent data to call attention to the fact that despite significant investment by the global community in the education of girls, girls are not moving into the workforce in high numbers.

Human Centred Design (HCD) - UNICEF (2018)
Creating solutions for children using the Human Centred Design approach

Human Rights-based Approach to Programming - UNICEF (UNICEF, 2011)
A human rights-based approach is a conceptual framework for the process of human development that is normatively based on international human rights standards and operationally directed to promoting and protecting human rights.

Including Everyone Strengthening the Collection and Use of Data About Persons with Disabilities in Humanitarian Situations - UNICEF (2019)

Joint Evaluation of Myanmar Non-Formal Middle School Education-Equivalency Pilot Programme - UNICEF (UNICEF, 2019)

Ministry of Education joins UN in launching Back to School campaign - UNICEF (2017)
The Ministry of Education and Higher Education and UN Agencies launch this year’s Back to School campaign celebrating school heroes.

Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey Findings Report: Zimbabwe - UNICEF (2019)

Out-of-School Children in the Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and Sindh Provinces of Pakistan - UNICEF (2013)

Raising Learning Outcomes: the opportunities and challenges of ICT for learning - UNICEF (2018)

Raising learning outcomes : the opportunities and challenges of ICT for learning - Appendix II - UNICEF (2018)

Revised Evaluation Policy of UNICEF - UNICEF (2018)

Sierra Leone Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey - UNICEF (2017)

Situation analysis on children with disabilities in Bangladesh 2014 - UNICEF (UNICEF Bangladesh, 2014)
Keywords: Bangladesh; Children with disabilities

The Out-of-School Children Initiative (OOSCI) - UNICEF (UNICEF, 2018)

The State of the World’s Children 2015 - UNICEF (The State of the World’s Children 2015: Reimagine the future, 2015)

Addressing social norms and gender in support of equity in education - UNICEF Eastern and Southern Africa Region (2016)

A social and behaviour change agenda for inclusion and equity in education - UNICEF ESARO (2016)

Gender Responsive Communication for Development: Guidance, Tools and Resources - UNICEF ROSA (2018)

Learning Director's Training Manual - UNICEF Sudan (2017)

Learning directors toolbox - UNICEF Sudan (2017)

Education budget brief 2018: Tanzania - UNICEF Tanzania (UNICEF, 2018)

Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2016/17 - UNICEF; Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (2018)

Punjab: Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2016/17 - UNICEF; Government of Punjab (2018)

Global Initiative on Out-of-School Children: Tanzania Country Report - UNICEF; Government of Tanzania; UNESCO (2018)

Monitoring Education Participation: Framework for Monitoring Children and Adolescents who are Out of School or at Risk of Dropping Out - UNICEF; UNESCO Institute for Statistics (Series on Education Participation and Dropout Prevention, 2016)

Assistive Technology for Children with Disabilities: Creating Opportunities for Education, Inclusion and Participation A discussion paper - UNICEF; WHO (WHO, 2015)

MyUnisa Digi-Band - unicourses (University Courses, 2018)
The my Unisa Digi-band is a device that allows students to store an offline, yet updatable , copy of their myUnisa group site on a flash drive

General Assembly Designates 7 April International Day of Reflection on 1994 Genocide against Tutsi in Rwanda, Amending Title of Annual Observance | Meetings Coverage and Press Releases - United Nations General Assembly (United Nations: Media Coverage and Press Releases, 2018)

Nigeria Fact Sheet - United States Embassy in Nigeria (2012)

Final Report - SENEGAL - Universalia (2019)

The OER4Schools Professional Learning Resource - University of Cambridge (2015)

University of Melbourne to issue recipient-owned blockchain records - University of Melbourne (2017)

246 6 Accessibility and Utilization of ICTs Among Secondary School Teachers in Kenya - University, G. (2010)
This paper looks at levels of access and extent of use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) among teachers in selected Kenyan secondary schools. For the past few years, an assortment of ICTs such as computers, lap tops, projectors, printers, e-blackboards and mobile phones have been available to teachers for use in integration of teaching and learning in schools. The paper attempts to establish how many teachers have access to the schools’ computers, their ICT literacy skills level and the level of ICT integration in subjects taught. The findings show that the use of ICT and its integration in the teaching and learning in secondary education is getting more widespread; and increasingly used among teachers as a means of communication and for information searching. Access rates for teachers have been observed to be much higher in educational institutions that have made effective ICT investments in education, translating into better utilization of ICT related technologies. Strategies have been suggested on how to utilize ICT to improve educational outcomes and recommendations given, on issues that touch on ICT access and infrastructure; human resources and training, policy environment, financing and ICT investment, curriculum development and locally relevant content.

Transforming education for girls in Tanzania and Nigeria: Cross country analysis of endline research studies - Unterhalter, Elaine; Heslop, Jo (ActionAid, 2012)
This cross country summary of the findings from the endline study conducted for the TEGINT project highlights a number of issues of particular pertinence to the community of policy makers, practitioners, and researchers concerned with gender equality, rights and girls’ education. Firstly, the considerable expansion of education provision at primary and junior secondary levels enhances girls’ enrolment, attendance, progression, attainment and empowerment. However, there are regional and locational differences, and the effects of the emergence of private schools on gender equality and girls’ empowerment merits careful scrutiny. It is a matter of concern, that despite the introduction of free primary education, schools continue to charge levies and that the costs of improving education are being passed down to the poorest. Secondly, there are clear indications that girls’ clubs give an important space for girls to learn about their rights and confidence to articulate solutions to their problems. This is the case both when girls in clubs come from higher performing girls in terms of class position and more marginalised girls. Thus girls clubs, widely used in many projects throughout Africa, but not till now well evaluated, appear an important strategy to continue to support. Thirdly, rurality appears as a particular condition of marginalisation, associated with higher levels of gender inequality. This is evident from the lower levels of girls’ empowerment in rural schools, and differences in articulating solutions. Thus particularly engaged interventions are needed with girls in remote areas to support empowerment. Fourthly, while improving teacher qualifications and engagement with gender equality is a necessary condition for enhancing education rights for all children, this is not a standalone intervention, and needs to be supported by other initiatives, possibly associated with teachers’ pay, work conditions and status. Fifthly, an intervention like TEGINT, appears particularly useful in helping to break the silence around gender based violence, however, such an intervention cannot be seen in isolation from work on other aspects of gender inequalities, poverty, and limited social provision. In a country like Tanzania, where there is more legislation and political action around gender equality than in Nigeria, girls, even the poorest, appear more knowledgeable about rights. Gender equality and girls’ education cannot thus be separated from other initiatives on rights, social development and addressing injustice.

Interventions to enhance girls' education and gender equality: Education rigorous literature review - Unterhalter, Elaine; North, Amy; Arnot, Madeleine; Lloyd, Cynthia; Moletsane, Lebo; Murphy-Graham, Erin; Parkes, Jenny; Saito, Mioko (Department for International Development, 2014)

The Future Use of Technology in Education and Learning in the Commonwealth - Unwin, Tim (The Round Table, 2019)
Modern Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have increasingly been used in education systems and for learning across the world over the last quarter of a century, and are frequently seen as being an important means of delivering the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG4. However, rhetoric about their potential benefits has often led to uncritical adoption of inappropriate and costly technologies, that have not benefited the poorest and most marginalised. This contribution explores likely uses of such technologies in Commonwealth education systems in the future, and what needs to be done so that these do indeed benefit everyone, rather than just the privileged with access to the latest technologies. It begins with an overview of existing Commonwealth initiatives, and then explores how ICT use for learning throughout the life-cycle is likely to change over the next decade. The next section suggests how Commonwealth organisations can best support governments and citizens in ensuring equitable distribution of relevant learning opportunities and mitigating the negative aspects of technology use. In conclusion, it advocates for the need to focus especially on the poorest and most marginalised, and it highlights the challenges of a future in which machines and humans are ever more intertwined.
Keywords: Commonwealth; Education; Qualitative Research; commentary; future; marginalisation; technology

Digital learning management systems in Africa: myths and realities - Unwin, Tim; Kleessen, Beate; Hollow, David; Williams, James B.; Oloo, Leonard Mware; Alwala, John; Mutimucuio, Inocente; Eduardo, Feliciana; Muianga, Xavier (Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 2010)
This paper reports on a survey of 358 respondents across 25 African countries into their usage of learning management systems. It concludes that while there are some enthusiastic advocates of such systems, the reality is that most African educators as yet have little knowledge about, or interest in, their usage. There remain very considerable infrastructural constraints to be overcome before they can be widely adopted for open and distance learning across the continent, and there is still reluctance in many institutions to develop systems that can enable learning resources to be made available in this way. This does not mean that the potential of high‐quality digital learning management systems should be ignored in Africa, but rather that much more sustained work needs to be done in human capacity development and infrastructural provision if African learners are truly to benefit from the interactive learning experiences that such systems can deliver.
Keywords: Africa; ICT; LMS; OER; universities

2018 Civil Society Organization Sustainability Index - for Asia 5th Edition – December 2019 - USAID (2019)

Aprender a Ler (ApaL) - USAID (World Education, Inc., 2017)

Early Grade Reading and Mathematics Project (RAMP) - USAID (2017)
The main goal of RAMP is to support the efforts of USAID Jordan and the MOE in instituting reading and mathematics teaching and learning methodologies, policy and practices within schools, communities and government entities that focus on improving learning outcomes for reading in Arabic and math in grades K‐3 for all public schools in Jordan.

Early Grade Reading Study II (EGRS II) - USAID (2019)
The activity team works in partnership with the Department of Basic Education to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of interventions focused on improving the performance of grade 1 and 2 learners in the subject English First Additional Language.

Education data for decision making (EDDATA II): key achievements and lessons learned - USAID (Unesco IIEP Learning Portal, 2016)

Education Data for Decision Making (EDDATA II): Key achievements and lessons learned: Final report - USAID (USAID, 2016)

EGRA Toolkit - USAID (2016)

Improving Education Opportunities USAID Senegal Fact Sheet - USAID (2019)

Malawi National Reading Program Baseline Assessment - USAID (2018)

Malawi Teacher Professional Development Support Program: Baseline Report - USAID (2011)

Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey - USAID (2018)

Nigeria: Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS) - USAID (2015)

Philippines: National Demographic and Health Survey - USAID (2017)

Tanzania TZ21 2015 endline reading fluency progress brief - Kiswahili - USAID (USAID, 2015)

Taonga Market Programme Review - USAID (2010)

Technology Tools for Teaching and Training Results - USAID (2010)

USAID Advancing Nutrition Gender Equality Strategy (August 2019) - USAID (2017)

USAID Impact Evaluation of the Makhalidwe Athu Project (Zambia): Endline Report - USAID (2018)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Lecture Pour Tous Final Performance Report - USAID; Chemonics International (2014)

Are Our Children Learning? - Uwezo (Twaweza East Africa, 2016)

Uwezo: Annual Plan 2014 - Uwezo (Twaweza, 2014)

Effects of teaching activities via Google Sketchup and concrete models on spatial skills of preservice mathematics teachers - Uygan, Candaş; Kurtuluş, Aytaç (Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 2016)
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of teaching activities supported by Google SketchUp, which is a 3-Dimensional modeling software, and concrete models on the basic skills related to spatial ability in teaching geometric solids. The study sample consisted of 72 preservice teachers who were studying elementary mathematics education in 2009-2010 academic-year in a state-funded university in Central Anatolia, Turkey. This was an experimental study. The study used a pretest posttest control group design and included two experimental groups and a control group. One of the experimental groups was taught using Google SketchUp while the other one was taught with concrete model-aided teaching activities. The activities, designed for the control group, were carried out with some traditional teaching tools such as paper, pencil and classroom writing board. The Santa Barbara Solids Test (SBST) and the Purdue Spatial Visualization Test (PSVT) were used to measure spatial ability. The SBST measures the ability to mentally visualize the cross-sections of 3D objects. The PSVT consists of three parts: "Developments", which measures skills to visualize a 3D object based on its surface development; "Rotations", which measures skills to mentally rotate 3D objects; and "Views", which measures skills to visualize different views of 3D objects. The study identified significant increases in the scores received for all of the tests by the group using Google SketchUp, in the scores received for the SBST and Developments part by the group using concrete models, and in the scores received for only the Developments part by the control group. Also, the posttest average score received for the "Views" part by the experimental group using Google SketchUp was significantly higher than the score of the experimental group using concrete models and the control group.
Keywords: Colleges & universities; Concretes; Group dynamics; Mathematical analysis; Mathematical models; Mathematics; Skills; Studies; Teachers; Teaching; Three dimensional models; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2098421; __finaldtb; ⚠️ Invalid DOI

1-1 in Education: Current Practice, International Comparative Research Evidence and Policy Implications - Valiente, Oscar (OECD, 2010)

Using mobile phones to improve educational outcomes: An analysis of evidence from Asia - Valk, John-Harmen; Rashid, Ahmed T.; Elder, Laurent (The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2010)
Despite improvements in educational indicators, such as enrolment, significant challenges remain with regard to the delivery of quality education in developing countries, particularly in rural and remote regions. In the attempt to find viable solutions to these challenges, much hope has been placed in new information and communication technologies (ICTs), mobile phones being one example. This article reviews the evidence of the role of mobile phone-facilitated mLearning in contributing to improved educational outcomes in the developing countries of Asia by exploring the results of six mLearning pilot projects that took place in the Philippines, Mongolia, Thailand, India, and Bangladesh. In particular, this article examines the extent to which the use of mobile phones helped to improve educational outcomes in two specific ways: 1) in improving access to education, and 2) in promoting new learning. Analysis of the projects indicates that while there is important evidence of mobile phones facilitating increased access, much less evidence exists as to how mobiles promote new learning.
Keywords: distance learning; educational outcomes; information and communication technologies; mobile learning; mobile phones; new learning

Plugged in: How media attract and affect youth - Valkenburg, Patti; Piotrowski, J.T. (2017)

Theories of Change in International Development: Communication, Learning, or Accountability? - Valters, Craig (2014)
Critically analysing assumptions is a much needed endeavour in international development policy and practice: existing management tools rarely encourage critical thinking and there are considerable political, organisational and bureaucratic constraints to the promotion of learning throughout the sector. The Theory of Change approach – an increasingly popular management tool and discourse in development – hopes to change some of that. This approach explicitly aims to challenge and change implicit assumptions in world views and programme interventions in the lives of others, yet little is known about the extent to which it really does so. This paper provides a much needed analysis of how Theories of Change are used in the day-to-day practice of an international development organisation, The Asia Foundation. They use the approach in three ways: to communicate, to learn and to be held accountable, which each exist in some tension with each other. Creating Theories of Change was often found to be a helpful process by programme staff, since it provided a greater freedom to explain and analyse programme interventions. However, the introduction of the approach also had some troubling effects, for example, by creating top-down accounts of change which spoke more to donor interests than to the ground realities of people affected by these interventions. Ultimately, this paper argues that while a Theory of Change approach can create space for critical reflection, this requires a much broader commitment to learning from individuals, organisations, and the development sector itself.

Policy adoption of learner-centred pedagogy in Rwanda: A case study of its rationale and transfer mechanisms - van de Kuilen, Hester S.; Altinyelken, Hulya Kosar; Voogt, Joke M.; Nzabalirwa, Wenceslas (International Journal of Educational Development, 2019)
This study explores why and how learner-centred pedagogy (LCP) as a policy has been adopted in Rwanda, despite ample evidence of the failure of LCP in developing countries. The case of Rwanda, as a late adopter, shows that at this stage of pedagogy diffusion the influence of global mechanisms and actors has been amplified. This study draws upon interviews with key stakeholders and relevant documents during the 2011–2016 period. The transfer process is examined by analysing the rationale offered and mechanisms deployed by the Rwandan government and aid agencies.
Keywords: Competence-based education; Curriculum reform; Education policy transfer; Learner-centred pedagogy; Policy adoption; Rwanda

Dynamic systems theory: a tool for understanding development and education - Van Geert, Paul; Steenbeek, Henderien (URL: https://www. gse. harvard. edu/usableknowledge/(дата обращения 15.01. 2015), 2015)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Sector learning and adaptive management - van Soest, A; Carriger, S; Casella, D; Wells, C; Silva, D (IRC, 2015)
Sector learning refers to the processes and mechanisms in place at sector level to ensure that actors are capable of jointly reflecting on current service delivery and identifying problems, developing solutions, and spreading successes. Sector learning goes hand in hand with adaptive management, a structured process of translating learning into action.

Narrative Assessment: A new approach to evaluation of advocacy for development - Van Wessel, Margit (Evaluation, 2018)
This article proposes an approach to monitoring and evaluating advocacy that integrates theory of change and storytelling. This approach, called Narrative Assessment, addresses the feasibility of objectivity and evidence in the complex context of advocacy and proposes an evaluation methodology rooted in alternative conceptualizations of rigour and of evaluator roles. The approach centres on practical judgment and the construction and examination of stories through interaction between advocates and monitoring and evaluation specialists. The article discusses how Narrative Assessment can be useful in the evaluation of advocacy in terms of (1) monitoring and evaluation specialists’ orientation toward programmes; (2) the interpretation of outcomes; (3) the assessment of outcome relevance; (4) reflection and learning and (5) the communication of programme results. The approach builds on lessons drawn from evaluation of eight advocacy programmes in international development.

Global Parents' Survey 2018: India findings - Varkey Foundation (2018)
The biggest and most comprehensive survey of parents’ hopes, fears and aspirations around the world.

Secondary data analysis - Vartanian, Thomas P. (Oxford University Press, USA, 2011)
In recent decades, social work and other social science research disciplines have become increasingly reliant on large secondary data sets, which have increased in both number and accessibility. When starting a new research project, how does one determine whether to use a secondary data set? Which of the thousands available should be used? This invaluable and expertly written guide provides an in-depth introduction to 29 of the most widely used data sets in social work, such as the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and the U.S. Census. This book also examines the years covered by these cross-sectional and longitudinal data sets, the units of analysis, and the sample sizes.Readers will learn where to find the data and the key variables contained within, and how to use them in SAS and Stata. Screen shots guide researchers through data sets in a step-by-step process: how to download the data, how to merge it with other data sets, and how to program it when necessary. Each section also profiles studies that have used the respective data sets, giving researchers a clear feel for the depth and range of questions that a given data source can be used to answer, like the use of government data to explore issues ranging from pathways out of poverty to the relationship between marital dissolution and women's health and well-being.Exceptionally well calibrated and filled with real-world examples, this pocket guide will give beginning and advanced researchers a comprehensive understanding of these data sets that they can use in their research on clinical, policy, and other types studies.
Keywords: Political Science / Public Policy / Social Services & Welfare; Science / General; Social Science / Social Work

Comparative pedagogies and epistemological diversity: social and materials contexts of teaching in Tanzania - Vavrus, Frances; Bartlett, Lesley (Comparative Education Review, 2012)
This article examines how epistemological differences regarding knowledge production and material differences in the conditions of teaching influence teachers’ and teacher educators’ understandings of learner-centered pedagogy. Emerging from a 5-year collaboration between teams of US and Tanzanian teacher educators, the research focuses on six Tanzanian secondary schools whose teachers participated in a workshop on learner-centered pedagogy and pedagogical content knowledge. We find that teachers’ views of knowledge production are profoundly shaped by the cultural, economic, and social contexts in which they teach. We conclude not only that teachers’ working conditions are important contextual factors in comparative studies of schooling but that the conditions themselves need to be conceptualized more fully in theories of knowledge production and global/local reforms of teacher education.

How ed-tech can help leapfrog progress in education - Vegas, Emiliana; Ziegler, Lauren; Zerbino, Nicolas (Brookings, 2019)
This brief analyzes the use of ed-tech innovations around the world.

Evaluation of Inclusive Basic Education in the UNICEF Country Programmes 2012-2016 and 2017-2021 - Venäläinen, Raisa; Chultemsuren, Tamir; Tsendendamba, Batsugar (UNICEF, 2019)

What do we know about primary teachers’ mathematical content knowledge in South Africa? An analysis of SACMEQ 2007 - Venkat, Hamsa; Spaull, Nic (International Journal of Educational Development, 2015)
There is consensus in the international mathematics teacher education literature that teachers should, at the most basic level, have mastery of the content knowledge they are required to teach. In this paper we test this assumption empirically by analyzing the South African SACMEQ 2007 mathematics teacher test data which tested 401 grade 6 mathematics teachers from a nationally representative sample of primary schools. With items matched to curriculum grade bands, ﬁndings indicate that 79% of grade 6 mathematics teachers showed content knowledge levels below the grade 6/7 band, and that the few teachers with higher-level content knowledge are highly inequitably distributed.

Open data in developing economies: Toward building an evidence base on what works and how - Verhulst, Stefaan; Young, Andrew (African Minds, 2017)
In essence, the book seeks to answer the following key questions: • What makes open data uniquely relevant to developing economies? • How can the impact of open data in developing economies be captured and evidence be developed? • How can open data be leveraged as a new asset for development?
Keywords: Andrew Young; Open Data in Developing Economies: Toward Building an Evidence Base on What Works and How; SSRN; Stefaan Verhulst

AENN Data Utilisation + Dashboard Co-creation Workshop Report - Viamo (2019)

Per diem policy analysis toolkit - Vian, T; Sabin, L (2012)

Thematic brief gender, education and training | Capacity4dev - Vila, Blerina (2017)

The implementation of ICT educational policy in selected schools in Swaziland - Vilakati, Nokuthula (UNISWA Research Journal, 2014)
Keywords: Equity of Access; ___working_potential_duplicate; ⛔ No DOI found

Facing the challenges of the One-Tablet-Per-Child policy in Thai primary school education. - Viriyapong, Ratchada; Harfield, Antony (International Journal of Advanced Computer Science & Applications, 2013)

The effect of blended learning on student performance at course-level in higher education: A meta-analysis - Vo, Hien M.; Zhu, Chang; Diep, Nguyet A. (Studies in Educational Evaluation, 2017)
The present paper analyzes the impact of blended learning (BL) on the academic achievement of higher education students. A meta-analysis (k=51 effect sizes) was conducted to perform a statistical synthesis of studies contrasting student performance in BL conditions with traditional classroom instruction. We include disciplines and instructors’ end-of-course evaluation method as moderating variables. The results show that BL demonstrates a small summary effect (g+=0.385, p<0.001) compared to traditional teaching methods A significantly higher mean effect size was found in STEM disciplines (g+=0.496) compared to that of non-STEM disciplines (g+=0.210). Nevertheless, the weighted mean effect sizes reveal no significant differences regarding of end-of-course assessment methods, namely one-moment and multiple-component assessment. The finding confirms that BL is significantly associated with greater learning performance of STEM-disciplined students than with traditional classroom practice. Accordingly, discussion concerning the findings and implications for future research are elaborated.
Keywords: Blended learning; Discipline; Higher education; Meta-analysis; Student performance

Real girls, real lives, connected: A global study of girls’ access and usage of mobile, told through 3000 voices. - Vodafone Foundation (Vodafone Foundation, 2018)

Review of the use of ‘Theory of Change’ in international development - Vogel, Isabel (2012)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Towards design-based approaches for ICT integration in African education - Voogt, J; Tondeur, J (Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 2015)

Collaborative design as a form of professional development - Voogt, Joke; Laferriere, Therese; Breuleux, Alain; Itow, Rebecca C.; Hickey, Daniel T.; McKenney, Susan (Instructional science, 2015)

Unlocking Talent Through Technology Malawi - VSO (2019)

Policy and practice on language of instruction in Ethiopian school: findings from the Young Lives school survey - Vujcich, Daniel (Working paper, 2013)
Keywords: Ethiopia; Language; Native language and education; Teachers; Teaching

Low learning outcomes in primary schools in India - Vyas, Ankit (Qrius, 2014)
By Ankit Vyas, declining quality of primary education is leading to low learning outcomes creating unskilled labour reflecting inefficiencies of the system.

What have we learned after ten years of systematic reviews in international development? - Waddington, Hugh; Masset, Edoardo; Jimenez, Emmanuel (Journal of Development Effectiveness, 2018)
The paper discusses the role of systematic evidence in helping make better decisions to reach global development targets. Coming at the end of the ﬁrst decade of serious funding and support for systematic evidence generation in development economics and development studies, the paper presents opportunities and challenges for the continued development of systematic review methodologies. It concludes by introducing the papers collected in the issue, which make and demonstrate the case for theory-based approaches to evidence synthesis.
Keywords: Reviewed

How to do a good systematic review of effects in international development: a tool kit - Waddington, Hugh; White, Howard; Snilstveit, Birte; Hombrados, Jorge Garcia; Vojtkova, Martina; Davies, Philip; Bhavsar, Ami; Eyers, John; Koehlmoos, Tracey Perez; Petticrew, Mark; Valentine, Jeffrey C.; Tugwell, Peter (Journal of Development Effectiveness, 2012)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; -missingHU; 3ie; DL4D cited; Reviewed; ___working_potential_duplicate; auto_merged; publicImportV1

Licenses for open material - Wageningen University and Research (WUR, 2018)
Open materials are any material provided with an open license. You can use an open license to indicate what other people are allowed to do with your work.

Smaller, quicker, cheaper: Improving learning assessments in developing countries - Wagner, D.A. (UNESCO-IIEP/FTI-Global Partnership for Education, 2011)

Learning at the bottom of the pyramid: Science, measurement, and policy in low-income countries - Wagner, D.A.; Wolf, S.; Boruch, R.F. (UNESCO-IIEP, 2018)

Learning as Development: Rethinking International Education in a Changing World - Wagner, Daniel (2018)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Learning as Development: Rethinking International Education in a Changing World - Wagner, Daniel (2018)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Learning as Development: Rethinking International Education in a Changing World - Wagner, Daniel (2018)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Technology for education in low-income countries: Assisting the UN Sustainable Development Goals - Wagner, Daniel (ICT-Supported Innovations in Small Countries and Developing Regions, 2016)

Learning as development: Rethinking international education in a changing world - Wagner, Daniel A. (Routledge, 2018)

Mobiles for reading: A landscape research review - Wagner, Daniel A (Working Papers (Literacy.org), 2014)
This landscape review takes the broad domain of new information and communications technologies (ICTs) for education, and focuses on the fast-evolving sub-domain of mobiles for reading, or M4R. The 'mobiles' in this review primarily refer to mobile technologies— ICTs that are portable, typically battery powered, and may be connected to cellular networks and/or the Internet. The term 'reading' refers to the joint abilities of understanding and producing written language, for children, youth and adults. This review of M4R focuses primarily on the use of mobile ICTs designed to help children learn to read, practice reading (reading to learn), and acquire a broader range of learning skills that support a literate society.

Technology for Education in Low-Income Countries: Supporting the UN Sustainable Development Goals - Wagner, Daniel A. (ICT-Supported Innovations in Small Countries and Developing Regions: Perspectives and Recommendations for International Education, 2018)
Information and communications technologies (ICTs) are increasingly available, even in developing countries, leading to a number of pressing questions. Will ICTs for education (ICT4E) improve learning and educational quality? Might they increase the ‘digital divide’ with negative consequences for equity? What can ICT4E offer to help assist in the achievement of the new UN Sustainable Development Goals? The present review addresses these questions and uses of ICT4E in developing countries. First, a short overview is provided of how ICT4E intersects with the learning outcomes and the quality of education, including contemporary perceptions of what does and does not work in ICT4E. Second, an ICT4E framework is suggested as a way to reconceptualize the parameters currently in use that will lead to more effective ICT4E design solutions. Third, ICT projects in four key education subsectors – early childhood, basic as well as secondary education, and teacher education – help to disaggregate where and how interventions have been made in recent years. Finally, a set of investment domains in ICT4E is described, along with a set of specific suggestions to advance the field. The paper concludes with the suggestion that measurable, sustainable, and scalable design solutions in ICT4E are the best way to assist in achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Keywords: Design solution; Framework; ICT4E; Learning; Technology; UN SDGs

Technology and mother-tongue literacy in Southern India: Impact studies among young children and out-of-school youth - Wagner, Daniel A; Daswani, C J; Karnati, Romilla (Information Technology and International Development, 2010)
The present research began with one main question: How can new technologies be effective for poor and illiterate children and youth in developing countries? We addressed this question through a research-based implementation project in India that included the development of local language multimedia software for literacy; a built-in, user-friendly interface; and the use of existing computer infrastructure. Two studies were undertaken in Andhra Pradesh state. One included a sample of youth and young adults who had never gone to school (or dropped out early) in peri-urban Hyderabad, and the other was composed of young second- and third-grade school children in rural West Godavari district. Based on a short-term intervention program, research results demonstrated a modest positive impact on the learning rate in reading with both groups of learners (when compared with control groups without the multimedia intervention). The findings provide support for the view that information and communications technologies for development can assist in promoting literacy among the poorest of the poor. In addition, the present results support the view that the digital divide, as it evolves over time, will only be narrowed when content-based solutions are sensitive to, and built on cultural and linguistic diversity.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Technology and mother-tongue literacy in Southern India: Impact studies among young children and out-of-school youth - Wagner, Daniel A; Daswani, C J; Karnati, Romilla (Information Technology and International Development, 2010)
The present research began with one main question: How can new technologies be effective for poor and illiterate children and youth in developing countries? We addressed this question through a research-based implementation project in India that included the development of local language multimedia software for literacy; a built-in, user-friendly interface; and the use of existing computer infrastructure. Two studies were undertaken in Andhra Pradesh state. One included a sample of youth and young adults who had never gone to school (or dropped out early) in peri-urban Hyderabad, and the other was composed of young second- and third-grade school children in rural West Godavari district. Based on a short-term intervention program, research results demonstrated a modest positive impact on the learning rate in reading with both groups of learners (when compared with control groups without the multimedia intervention). The findings provide support for the view that information and communications technologies for development can assist in promoting literacy among the poorest of the poor. In addition, the present results support the view that the digital divide, as it evolves over time, will only be narrowed when content-based solutions are sensitive to, and built on cultural and linguistic diversity.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Technology for Education in Low-Income Countries: Supporting the UN Sustainable Development Goals - Wagner, Daniel A.; Lubin, Ian (ICT-Supported Innovations in Small Countries and Developing Regions: Perspectives and Recommendations for International Education, 2018)

Technology and Mother-Tongue Literacy in Southern India: Impact Studies among Young Children and Out-of-School Youth - Wagner, Daniel; Daswani, C.; Karnati, Romilla (International Technologies & International Development, 2010)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

ICT and Education for Refugees in Transit - Wahyuni, Dewi Sari; Fatdha, T. Sy Eiva (SALTeL Journal (Southeast Asia Language Teaching and Learning), 2019)
Refugees in transit often have no access to formal education. Indonesia as one of transit countries has allowed these community school-age children to join public school. Unfortunately, teenagers and adults do not have similar consent. As most of them are stranded for a long time to skip their basic education, there should be a bridge so that they still can catch up with their secondary or even higher education level. During their uncertain waiting time, some international and national organizations and local institutions have provided them with private classes in specific subjects. The problem is these classes are unaligned with the lesson grade in host country formal education institution, which is categorized based on learners’ ages. Moreover, they are placed in separated places (detention centre, interception, community housings) which cost time and fare to get these refugees in one education centre. The alternative solution for handling this situation is by having blended learning, a combination of online learning platform and face-to-face meeting managed by teachers both from the host country and refugees. These students although they are limited by any means, have been familiar with ICT such as Microsoft Office, Photoshop, Multimedia and Internet. The online learning platform will muddle through time and distance in order to support them to take Package A, B, C (National Elementary, Junior and Senior High School Equivalency) tests as these tests are admitted at work and further study in host country as well as their destination countries without age limitation.
Keywords: Google Scholar/ "blended learning" refugee education; RER theme_pedagogies and modalities

Improving students’ independence and collaboration with blended learning - Wahyuni, Erly (Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Community Development (AMCA 2018), 2018)
Now that web-based learning has emerged as a major trend in higher education. Many people have opportunities to develop and enhance independent or collaborative learning through a material which can be supported by technology and online learning. This study was aimed at 1) finding out how Blended Learning was implemented to improve students’ independency and collaboration in listening class, 2) finding out how Blended Learning can improve students’ independency and collaboration, 3) finding out students’ response toward the implementation of Blended Learning in listening class. The subjects of this study are an English lecturer and the second semester students of English Dept. which consists of 28 students who are taking Listening Class. The research designs used are descriptive qualitative and quantitative research. The instruments of this study are observation, interview, and open-ended questionnaire with likert scale. The techniques of data analysis for quantitative research uses a simple percentage and qualitative research is with data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion: drawing or verifying. The result of the research showed that 1) the use of blended learning in teaching listening offered ways for lecturer to be more effective in the teaching and learning process, 2) blended learning was able to improve students’ indepedency and collaboration in listening class, and 3) this study demonstrated the positive response for the students.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Using examination and learning assessment data to uncover foundational skill gaps in Sierra Leone’s secondary schools - Waistell, Daniel; De, Sourovi; Ofori Owusu, Diana; Allen, Reg; Sanni, Kayode; Dupigny, Albert (UKFIET Conference, 2019)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Assessment of accelerated education to catch up with missed school programme in post crisis settings: Case study of selected IDP camps in Maiduguri metropolitan council - Wali, Yagana S; Muhammad Ali, Mustapha (British Journal of Educational Studies, 2019)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

What we’re learning about how organisations select ICT tools - Walker, Tim (Making All Voices Count, 2016)
Engine room is working on a framework to help organisations select the appropriate information and technology tools (ICT) for their governance projects.

The ‘trainer in your pocket’: mobile phones within a teacher continuing professional development program in Bangladesh - Walsh, Christopher S.; Power, Tom; Khatoon, Masuda; Biswas, Sudeb Kumar; Paul, Ashok Kumar; Sarkar, Bikash Chandra; Griffiths, Malcolm (Professional Development in Education, 2013)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

The ‘trainer in your pocket’: mobile phones within a teacher continuing professional development program in Bangladesh - Walsh, Christopher S.; Power, Tom; Khatoon, Masuda; Biswas, Sudeb Kumar; Paul, Ashok Kumar; Sarkar, Bikash Chandra; Griffiths, Malcolm (Professional Development in Education, 2013)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

The ‘trainer in your pocket’: mobile phones within a teacher continuing professional development program in Bangladesh - Walsh, Christopher S.; Power, Tom; Khatoon, Masuda; Biswas, Sudeb Kumar; Paul, Ashok Kumar; Sarkar, Bikash Chandra; Griffiths, Malcolm (Professional Development in Education, 2013)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

The ‘trainer in your pocket’: mobile phones within a teacher continuing professional development program in Bangladesh - Walsh, Christopher S.; Power, Tom; Khatoon, Masuda; Biswas, Sudeb Kumar; Paul, Ashok Kumar; Sarkar, Bikash Chandra; Griffiths, Malcolm (Professional Development in Education, 2013)
Examples of mobile phones being used with teachers to provide continuing professional development (CPD) in emerging economies at scale are largely absent from the research literature. We outline English in Action’s (EIA) model for providing 80,000 teachers with CPD to improve their communicative language teaching in Bangladesh over nine years. EIA’s CPD program is delivered face to face and supported through open distance learning (ODL). This innovative model of teacher CPD is supported through peer learning and self-study using a variety of print, audio and video resources. Drawing on the success of EIA’s pilot studies, where internal and external evaluation reported significant improvement in teachers’ and students’ English-language competence after one year, the current phase is using low-cost mobile phones, or the ‘trainer in your pocket’ to deliver CPD to 12,500 teachers through 2015. We believe EIA’s teacher CDP model is best suited to assist the project in achieving one of its primary goals: to increase the English-language proficiency of 12 million students, allowing them to access greater social and economic opportunities in the future. We argue EIA’s use of mobile phones for the provision of teacher CPD – at scale – is timely and replicable in both developed and developing contexts.
Keywords: English in Action; communicative language teaching; mobile phones; open distance learning; school-based professional development (SBPD); teachers’ continuing professional development (CPD)

Low Cost Mobile Phones for Large Scale Teacher - Walsh, Christopher S; Shaheen, Robina; Power, Tom; Hedges, Claire; Kahtoon, Masuda; Mondol, Sikander (2012)
Education has the power to transform societies and contribute to social and economic development. In this paper we present the mobile technologies used for teacher professional development (TPD) and communicative language teaching in English in Action (EIA). The project aims to assist 25 million people access greater social and economic opportunities through English language teaching and TPD. EIA, in partnership with the Government of Bangladesh, will work with 80,000 teachers through a work-based programme of TPD using audio and visual resources on low cost mobile phones. With access to over 700 audio files aligned with the national textbook English for Today and professional development films that explain and then illustrate successful student-centred English teaching and learning, the project has already documented significant improvement in teachers’ and pupils’ English language competency. This paper provides an account of, and rationale for, the changes in the technologies used across two phases of the project, from the iPod Nano and Touch used in the pilot study with 690 teachers (2009-2010) to the low cost Nokia C1-01 mobile phone with a micro secure digital (SD) being used in upscaling to 12,500 teachers (2012-2014). We argue the low cost alphanumeric mobile phone with micro SD cards provides unprecedented opportunities to both deliver TPD and improve teachers’ and students’ communicative English language skills. The paper considers the unique suitability mobile phones present for resource constrained education systems in developing countries. Simultaneously we highlight the need for further application and research into the use of mobile technologies, not only for large-scale TPD projects, but for a diversity of international development projects and programmes which aim to achieve sustainable change at scale.

The Potential of Mobile Phones to Transform Teacher Professional Development to Build Sustainable Educational Futures in Bangladesh - Walsh, Christopher S; Woodward, Clare; Solly, Mike; Shrestha, Prithvi (Asian Association of Open Universities Journal, 2015)
Futures thinking is used by governments to consider long-term strategic approaches and develop policies and practices that are potentially resilient to future uncertainty. English in Action (EIA), arguably the world's largest English language teacher professional development (TPD) project, used futures thinking to author possible, probable and preferable future scenarios to solve the project's greatest technological challenge: how to deliver audio-visual TPD materials and hundreds of classroom audio resources to 75,000 teachers by 2017. Authoring future scenarios and engaging in possibility thinking (PT) provided us with a taxonomy of question-posing and question-responding that assisted the project team in being creative. This process informed the successful pilot testing of a mobile-phone-based technology kit to deliver TPD resources within an open distance learning (ODL) platform. Taking the risk and having the foresight to trial mobile phones in remote rural areas with teachers and students led to unforeseen innovation. As a result, EIA is currently using a mobile-phone-based technology kit with 12,500 teachers to improve the English language proficiency of 700,000 students. As the project scales up in its third and final phase, we are using the new technology kit — known as the 'trainer in your pocket' — to foster a 'quiet revolution' in the provision of professional development for teachers at scale to an additional 67,500 teachers and nearly 10 million students.

What professional development makes the most difference to teachers? - Walter, Catherine; Briggs, Jessica (University of Oxford Department of Education, 2012)

Computer Laptop Project Strategy for Basic Education Schools in Kenya - Wambugu, Geoffrey M.; Ogenga, Stephen; Shikali, Casper; Muliaro, Joseph (2017)
Kenya’s Vision 2030 recognizes the enabling role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and anchors some of its key aspirations upon the availability and adoption of computers for schools. The overall objective of this strategy paper is to provide direction for acquisition of equitable and efficient laptop computers to all pupils in public primary schools. The existing education policy on ICT is imbedded in three documents namely; e-Government Strategy, National ICT Policy and Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2005 which is a Policy Framework for Education, Training and Research. There is a need therefore to consolidate these documents into one. The overall objective of the consolidation is to merge and integrate education policy on ICT including the scope, usage, administration and ways to address innovations and attendant Intellectual Property Rights. In the process of strategic planning for utilizing ICT in education, key stakeholders require to be consulted. In addition to the above mentioned, specific stakeholders include the National ICT integration and innovation Centre, Kenya Institute for Curriculum Development, Center for Mathematics, Science and Education in Africa, Teacher Service Commission, Primary Teacher Training Institutions, Universities and the National ICT Steering Committee. The strategy identifies the following as key weaknesses that hamper the implementation of ICT projects: slow integration of ICT in operations and programs; inadequate human and financial resources in some key service areas to meet the rapidly growing work-related demands. In addition there exists lack of appropriate learning facilities and/or infrastructure in some education and training institutions and inadequate number of trainers in modern technology coupled with a mismatch of skills learnt and demands of the labour market. It is also noted that the legal framework is non-harmonized and this inhibits the performance of Ministry of Education, Science and Technology. Further, a number of policy frameworks are yet to be operationalized thus hampering delivery of services. The strategy also identifies a Strategic Model for Laptop Project and an implementation matrix.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) for Professional Teacher and Teacher Educator Development: A Case of TESSA MOOC in Kenya - Wambugu, Patriciah W. (Universal Journal of Educational Research, 2018)
This study intends to present a bespoke teacher professional development MOOC designed by Teacher Education for Sub-Saharan Africa (TESSA) team that allows MOOCs to become a viable means offering cost-effective, quality professional teacher development. TESSA is a network of teachers and teacher educators, working to improve classroom teaching in Africa. TESSA MOOC is an innovative approach to capacity building for teacher educators and teachers across Africa. The study presents outputs of an evaluation of TESSA MOOC course undertaken by Kenyan teachers and teacher educators. The experiences of the participants were that the TESSA MOOC was a new but interesting, appealing and flexible course. In addition, the participants were able to learn from one another and what they learnt may impact on their pedagogical skills. Key challenges identified include difficulties in downloading of materials due to lack of internet connectivity and use of ICT phobia for learning. MOOCs represent an untapped potential for teacher professional development that can be a cost and resource effective means to deliver quality education to teachers and teacher educators. Therefore, the teachers and teacher educators may need to exploit this learner based TESSA MOOC to build capacity for teaching.
Keywords: Educational Quality; Faculty Development; Foreign Countries; Information Technology; Online Courses; Teacher Education; Teacher Educators; Teacher Effectiveness

Continuing the Conversation About Face-to-Face, Online, and Blended Learning a Meta-Analysis of Empirical Literature 2006-2017 - Wandera, Silas (Wilmington University (Delaware), 2017)
This paper serves two purposes. First, it statistically compares learning outcomes of face-to-face, online and blended learning instruction. Then it looks at the instructional practices that are associated with effective blended and online learning. A meta-analysis of 30 studies, with 3,687 participants, resulted in 36 effect sizes. The contrasts comprised of 21 studies that looked at blended learning vs. face-to-face education, eight contrasts that looked at online learning vs. face-to-face education, and seven contrasts that looked at blended vs. online learning. The observed summary effect size was a small effect size of 0.397 with Confidence Interval (CI) of 0.242 to 0.553, with a Z-total of 5.000, and significant p <0.000. This implies that the overall effect size in treatment condition (blended or online learning) is 0.397 standard deviations higher than the control condition (face-to-face or online learning). There were eight instructional practices; self-directedness, peer interactions, feedback, multiple learning ways, student orientation, instructor presence, multiple assessments, and accountability. Instructional practices with over 90% reported in studies included: accountability (100%), multiple assessments (92%), feedback (92%), and multiple learning ways (92%). All the instructional practices reported according to Cohen (1988) revealed a small average effect size. This meta-analysis recognizes that blended learning will be replacing face-to-face education and results showed a small significant gain in learning outcomes from a previous meta-analysis (Benard, Borokhovski, Schmid, Tamim, & Abrami, 2014a, 2014b; Means, Toyama, Murphy, & Baki, 2013; Vo, Zhu, & Diep, 2017; Zhao, Lei, Yan, Lai, & Tan, 2005).
Keywords: Blended learning; Education; Face-to-face; Hybrid learning; Instructional practices; Meta-analysis; Online learning

MOOCs as an alternative for teacher professional development: examining learner persistence in one Chinese MOOC - Wang, Qiong; Chen, Bodong; Fan, Yizhou; Zhang, Guogang (Peking University, 2018)
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have developed into a significant international movement, showing great promise in addressing equity, quality, and efficiency issues in global education. To date, many MOOCs have been developed specifically for teacher professional development (TPD). In this regard, an important empirical question remains to be addressed: How and to what extent can MOOCs support equity, quality, and efficiency in teacher professional development? To help fill this knowledge gap, this study, conducted from 2014 to 2016, focused on persistent teacher-learners in a TPD MOOC that was offered for seven consecutive rounds by the X-Learning Center of Peking University. The study found that more than 15% of the 105,383 teachers who enrolled in this MOOC were persistent teacher-learners, defined as learners who enrolled in multiple rounds. Data analysis showed that these persistent teacher-learners had diverse motivations for re-enrollment, including refreshing conceptual understanding, achieving higher scores, earning course certification, and discussing practical problems. The study also found that the persistent teacher-learners developed self-regulated learning skills in the course of multiple rounds of the MOOC and showed significantly higher learning achievement than one-time enrollees. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of both clicklog data and interview data revealed additional insights into the persistent teacher-learners’ learning within the MOOC and their real-world teaching practice beyond the MOOC. Overall, this study contributes to an improved understanding of the potential of MOOCs as an alternative TPD delivery mode in developing countries and sheds light on the future design of effective TPD through MOOCs.
Keywords: __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2425977; __finaldtb; tpdsysrev_potential_duplicate; ⛔ No DOI found

A case study of using an online community of practice for teachers' professional development at a secondary school in China - Wang, Qiyun; Lu, Zhiping (Learning, Media and Technology, 2012)
In this case study, an online community was designed at a secondary school in China for the teachers to prepare their lessons collectively, reflect on their teaching practices, collect comments from peers, and share resources. A survey was administered to the teachers to investigate their perceptions on the online community for their professional development. Two hundred and eighty-three teachers responded to the survey and eight teachers were further interviewed by email. The result showed that most teachers liked using the online community as they could gain subject knowledge and could obtain support from peers, share experiences and get feedback, and exchange resources. Also, online entries confirmed that transformational changes in teaching pedagogy and students' learning activities occurred along the time. However, certain teachers did not participate in the online community frequently. This paper describes the context of the case study, design dimensions of the online community, teachers' positive perceptions on using the online community, and transformational changes. Also, strategies for promoting effective use of the online community are discussed and follow-up studies to address the challenges involved in this study are proposed. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Keywords: Case Studies; China; Communities of Practice; Distance Education; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Education--Teaching Methods And Curriculum; Educational Practices; Electronic Learning; Electronic Mail; Foreign Countries; Interviews; Learning; Lesson Plans; Mail Surveys; Online instruction; Participant Satisfaction; Pedagogy; Polls & surveys; Professional Development; Professional development; Secondary Education; Secondary School Teachers; Secondary school teachers; Teacher Surveys; Teaching Methods; Technology Uses in Education; Transformative Learning; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2096477; __finaldtb; community of practice; lesson planning; professional development; reflection; technology

An overview of e-learning in China: History, challenges and opportunities - Wang, Yan; Liu, Xuan; Zhang, Zhenhong (Research in Comparative and International Education, 2018)
The Chinese government has attached great importance to the development of e-learning since its emergence in the 1990s. As a consequence of the implementation of a series of policies, China has made significant achievements in the e-learning arena with respect to infrastructure construction, production of resources, academic education, non-academic training, and education for disadvantaged groups. However, due to the constraints of China’s traditional culture, information literacy, and educational mechanisms, challenges have emerged in the implementation of e-learning that need urgently to be addressed. As e-learning in China continues to grow, major research areas such as students’ and teachers’ perspectives on developments in e-learning, teachers’ pedagogical capacity and ongoing professional development in e-learning settings, and the production of more convenient and useful e-learning resources, are likely to be topics of continuing research interest.
Keywords: Challenges; China; ICT in education; e-learning; professional development; successes

Big hurdles thwart Jubilee’s laptops plan. Daily Nation - Wanzala, O.; Nyamai, E (2018)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Laptops lie idle in schools on lack of skilled tutors - Wanzala, Wednesday (Business Daily, 2018)
Lower primary public school teachers are not using technology in classrooms due to computer illiteracy.

The Impact of Learning Design on Student Learning in Technology Integrated Lessons - Waqar, Yasira (Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013)
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of learning design on knowledge transfer in technology integrated lessons where limited technologies are available to students in a third world country. This article includes an evaluation of the learning designs of technology integrated lessons in a private school in Pakistan. Qualitative research methodologies were employed to see the impact of learning design on knowledge transfer of students when similar technologies are used at the same grade level but the learning designs are different. The results revealed that knowledge transfer depends on learning design in technology integrated lessons where limited technologies are available. In third world countries like Pakistan the concept of technology integration in schools is relatively new and the schools do not have access to sophisticated online learning environments like agent based learning or environments where in built scaffolds are provided to students. So technologies like Microsoft office, videos, digital cameras and projector are being used in private schools to improve the teaching and learning experience of students and learning design plays a very important role in knowledge transfer.

Redesigning the design: a review of education technology interventions in Pakistan - Waqar, Yasira; Bokhari, Tahira Batool (Pan-Commonwealth Forum 9 (PCF9), 2019)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Technology Enters the Classroom: An Evaluation of Educational Technology Initiatives in Punjab - Waqar, Yasira; Bokhari, Tahira Batool (2017)
This article provides a critical review of educational technology initiatives of the Punjab government. The attributes of meaningful learning with technology are used as a criterion to evaluate the benefits of technology initiatives in the education sector. An historical perspective of the integration of technology in Pakistan is given in the beginning to have a clear idea as how technology was introduced in the private schools in 1990s and what are the latest trends in these schools? The initiatives of Punjab government are then elaborated by discussing the following projects: Daanish Schools, School Reform Roadmap, Technology to Improve School Processes and Digitized Textbooks and Intelligent Tutoring System. After an analysis of these initiatives, a review of educational technology initiatives in developing countries is done to compare the successful and not so successful projects of educational technology. The article concludes with suggestions for educationists and policy-makers in Pakistan.

Can’t Wait to Learn Lebanon - War Child (2019)

Interactive Radio Instruction Brings Learning Back to Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo - War Child Canada (2017)

Research Report for Phases I and II e-Learning Sudan (2012 – 2015) - War Child Holland; Afhad University for Women; TNO (2016)

Research Report: E-Learning Sudan Phases 1 & II | Education Links - War Child Holland; Ahfad University for Women, TNO (Unicef Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands, 2016)
With this report, programme partners, War Child Holland, Ahfad University for Women, and Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), will present research findings from e-Learning Sudan, an innovation technology education programme for out-of-school students to access quality education in Sudan.

Benefits and Limitations of iPads in the High School Science Classroom and a Trophic Cascade Lesson Plan - Ward, Nicholas D; Finley, Rachel J; Keil, Richard G; Clay, Tansy G (Journal of Geoscience Education, 2013)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Can One Laptop Per Child Save the World's Poor? - Warschauer, Mark; Ames, Morgan (Journal of International Affairs, 2010)
The One Laptop per Child (OLPC) program is one of the most ambitious educational reform initiatives the world has ever seen. The program has developed a radically new low-cost laptop computer and aggressively promoted its plans to put the computer in the hands of hundreds of millions of children around the world, including in the most impoverished nations. Though fewer than 2 million of OLPC's XO computers have been distributed as of this writing, the initiative has caught the attention of world leaders, influenced developments in the global computer industry and sparked controversy and debate about the best way to improve the lot of the world's poor. With six years having passed since Nicholas Negroponte first unveiled the idea, this paper appraises the program's progress and impact and, in so doing, takes a fresh look at OLPC's assumptions. The paper reviews the theoretical underpinnings of OLPC, analyzes the program's development and summarizes the current state of OLPC deployments around the world. The analysis reveals that provision of individual laptops is a utopian vision for the children in the poorest countries, whose educational and social futures could be more effectively improved if the same investments were instead made on more sustainable and proven interventions. Middle- and high-income countries may have a stronger rationale for providing individual laptops to children, but will still want to eschew OLPC's technocentric vision. In summary, OLPC represents the latest in a long line of technologically utopian development schemes that have unsuccessfully attempted to solve complex social problems with overly simplistic solutions.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Balancing the One-To-One Equation: Equity and Access in Three Laptop Programs - Warschauer, Mark; Zheng, Binbin; Niiya, Melissa; Cotten, Shelia; Farkas, George (Equity & Excellence in Education, 2014)

Usage and Impact of ICT in Education Sector; A Study of Pakistan - Wasif, M. Nisar; Munir, Ehsan Ullah; Shad, Shafqat Ali (arXiv:1206.5132 [cs], 2012)
In many countries, information and communication technology (ICT) has a lucid impact on the development of educational curriculum. This is the era of Information Communication Technology, so to perk up educational planning it is indispensable to implement the ICT in Education sector. Student can perform well throughout the usage of ICT. ICT helps the students to augment their knowledge skills as well as to improve their learning skills. To know with reference to the usage and Impact of ICT in Education sector of Pakistan, we accumulate data from 429 respondents from 5 colleges and universities, we use convenient sampling to accumulate the data from district Rawalpindi of Pakistan. The consequences show that Availability and Usage of ICT improves the knowledge and learning skills of students. This indicates that existence of ICT is improving the educational efficiency as well as obliging for making policies regarding education sector.
Keywords: Computer Science - Other Computer Science; ⛔ No DOI found

E-learning combats Southeast Asia's teacher shortages - Watanabe, Sadachika (2017)

Number of pay TV households in Ghana 2014-2023 - Watson, Amy (Statista, 2019)
The timeline presents the number of pay TV households in Ghana from 2014 to 2018, and a forecast thereof until 2023.

Understanding changing social norms and practices around girls’ education and marriage - Watson, Carol (ODI, 2014)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found