Digital technologies in education - World Bank (2021)

Education and Technology Readiness Index (ETRI) - World Bank (World Bank, 2023)
The ETRI webpage describes the EdTech Readiness Index, its global context and potential uses, how ETRI can be implemented, where it has been piloted, useful resources (e.g., videos, podcasts, technical note, toolkit, and indicators), and the ETRI team.

Education Sector Plan (ESP 2020-2024) : Updating the National Education Strategic Plan (NESP 2020-30) and Accompanied by a Costed Action Plan (2020-2023) - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Education Statistics | Education Expenditures - World Bank (2020)

Education Systems’ Response to COVID19 - World Bank (The World Bank, 2020)

Educational television during COVID-19: How to start and what to consider - World Bank (2020)
Five key insights on starting, using and sustaining education television for remote learning, corroborated by more than 40 current examples from countries.

El Salvador | Data - World Bank (2019)

Ending Learning Poverty: What will it take? - World Bank (2019)

Eswatini Education Sector Analysis 2021 - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)
The current Education Sector Strategic Plan (ESSP) for 2010-2022 and the first and second National Education and Training Improvement Programs that operationalize the plan, were based on the comprehensive 2010 Education Sector Review (Marope, 2010, MoET, 2010, 2016, 2018b). As the current plan and program come to their end, this education sector analysis (ESA) was undertaken. In addition, complementary studies for the ECDE and TVET sub-sectors will be conducted separately to collect primary data to further help inform the development of the next ESSP. The ESA report examines the recent status of the education system to provide an evidence-based foundation for the Government’s preparation of its next ESSP and help guide the country more generally on the priority issues for the education sector looking forward. This executive summary begins with a brief description of the general context for education followed by an overview of recent achievements in education. The main part of the summary sets out the priority issues identified by the ESA report. The final section concludes with a discussion of selected policy options that may be considered looking ahead.
Keywords: Early Childhood Development; Early Childhood Education; Education Finance; Education Management; Education System; Labor Market; Primary Education; School Administration; Secondary Education; Skills Development; Student Achievement; Student Learning Assessment; Teacher Development; Teacher Recruitment; Teacher Training

eTransform Ghana Project Appraisal Document - World Bank (2013)

Fiscal Consolidation to Accelerate Growth and Support Inclusive Development: Ghana Public Expenditure Review - World Bank (World Bank, 2017)
Ghana has experienced an extended period of robust growth since the early 2000s, supported by a favorable external environment and large investment inflows, particularly in the extractive industries. In 2011, as the start of oil production drove a surge in per capita income, Ghana graduated from low-income to lower-middle-income status. Despite the key role of the extractive industries, recent growth has been relatively inclusive, and Ghana achieved its Millennium Development Goal of halving the poverty rate by 2015. However, macroeconomic conditions have deteriorated since 2012, giving rise to substantial domestic and external imbalances. Although external shocks have underscored Ghana's vulnerability to global commodity and financial markets, the recurring nature of its imbalances reflects deeper structural deficiencies in its macroeconomic policies and public financial management (PFM) framework. A heavy focus on commodity exports has accelerated Ghana's recent growth, but the country's economic outlook increasingly hinges on a narrow range of volatile commodity prices.
Keywords: Agricultural Productivity; Fiscal Policy; Health; Macroeconomic Policy; Pay Reform; Public Education; Public Expenditure; Public Financial Management; Public Wages; Revenue Management; Taxation

From Growth to Development: Priorities for Sustainably Reducing Poverty and Achieving Middle-Income Status by 2030 - World Bank (2018)

From the Last Mile to the Next Mile – 2022 Vietnam Poverty and Equity Assessment - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2022)

GDP per capita (current US$) | Data - World Bank (2021)

GDP per capita (current US$) - Malawi | Data - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)

Gender Equality and Development - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2012)

Ghana Accountability for Learning Outcomes Project - World Bank (2019)

Ghana Accountability for Learning Outcomes Project - World Bank (2020)

Ghana Accountability for Learning Outcomes Project - World Bank (2024)

Girls education - World Bank (2021)

Girls education - World Bank (2021)

Global Economic Prospects - World Bank (2022)
Although global economic output is recovering from the collapse triggered by COVID-19, it will remain below pre-pandemic trends for a prolonged period.

Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) – Lao PDR, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines - World Bank (2024)
Free and open access to global development data

Government expenditure on education, total (% of GDP) - South Asia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Sri Lanka | Data - World Bank (2018)

Grant Funding Proposal (FY11- Round 33) - World Bank (Japan Social Development Fund (JSDF), 2011)

Guidance Note: Remote Learning and CVID-19 - World Bank (2020)

Guide for Learning Recovery and Acceleration: Using the RAPID Framework to Address COVID-19 Learning Losses and Build Forward Better - World Bank (The World Bank, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, FCDO, UNICEF, USAID, UNESCO, 2022)

How countries are using edtech (including online learning, radio, television, texting) to support access to remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)
Examples of how countries are using edtech to support remote learning under COVID-19
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Human Capital Country Brief Ghana - World Bank (World Bank, 2023)

Human Capital Index - World Bank (2020)

Human Capital Project - World Bank (2021)
The World Bank believes accelerating investments in people, also known as Investing in Human Capital is essential to achieving greater equity and economic growth. Check the definition of human capital in the World Bank Project brief.

IDA Project Paper on a Proposed Additional Credit to the Republic of Senegal for a Quality Improvement and Equity of Basic Education Project - World Bank (2018)

Implementation Completion and Results Report for a Project to Improve Education Quality in Malawi - World Bank (2015)

Implementation Completion and Results Report (TF-14253, TF-14358) - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2017)

Implementing a Results-Based Financing Mechanism for Subnational Governments to Improve Education Outcomes : An Implementation Guide Inspired by the Case of Ceara, Brazil - World Bank (2020)
Implementing a Results-Based Financing Mechanism for Subnational Governments to Improve Education Outcomes : An Implementation Guide Inspired by the Case of Ceara, Brazil (English)

Improving Educational Quality through Interactive Radio Instruction - World Bank (2005)

Incidence of HIV, all (per 1,000 uninfected population) - Sierra Leone | Data - World Bank (2020)

Incidence of malaria (per 1,000 population at risk) - Sierra Leone, Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding high income) | Data - World Bank (2018)

Inclusion Matters : The Foundation for Shared Prosperity - World Bank (World Bank, 2013)
Today, the world is at a conjuncture where issues of exclusion and inclusion are assuming new significance for both developed and developing countries. The imperative for social inclusion has blurred the distinction between these two stylized poles of development. Countries that used to be referred to as developed are grappling with issues of exclusion and inclusion perhaps more intensely today than they did a decade ago. And countries previously called developing are grappling with both old issues and new forms of exclusion thrown up by growth. Nonlinear demographic transitions, global economic volatility, shifts in the international balance of power, and local political movements have had a large part to play in these shifting sands. These changes make social inclusion more urgent than it was even a decade ago. This report tries to put boundaries around the abstraction that is "social inclusion." Placing the discussion of social inclusion within such global transitions and transformations, the report argues that social inclusion is an evolving agenda. It offers two easy-to-use definitions and a framework to assist practitioners in asking, outlining, and developing some of the right questions that can help advance the agenda of inclusion in different contexts. This report builds on previous analytical work, especially by the World Bank, on themes that touch upon social inclusion, including multidimensional poverty, inequality, equity, social cohesion, and empowerment. There are seven main messages in this report: (1) excluded groups exist in all countries; (2) excluded groups are consistently denied opportunities; (3) intense global transitions are leading to social transformations that create new opportunities for inclusion as well as exacerbating existing forms of exclusion; (4) people take part in society through markets, services, and spaces; (5) social and economic transformations affect the attitudes and perceptions of people. As people act on the basis of how they feel, it is important to pay attention to their attitudes and perceptions; (6) exclusion is not immutable. Abundant evidence demonstrates that social inclusion can be planned and achieved; and (7) moving ahead will require a broader and deeper knowledge of exclusion and its impacts as well as taking concerted action. The report is divided into three parts. Part one is framing the issues. Part two focuses on transitions, transformations, and perceptions. Part three is change is possible.

Inclusive Education Initiative: Transforming Education for Children with Disabilities - World Bank (Google Docs, 2020)

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) - World Bank (2017)

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) - World Bank (2020)

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) | Data - World Bank (2020)

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) - South Asia | Data - World Bank (2020)

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) - Sub-Saharan Africa | Data - World Bank (2020)

Information and Communications Infrastructure Development Project - World Bank (World Bank, 2015)
Information and Communications Infrastructure Development Project

Information and Communications Technology (ICT) for Accountability in the Primary Education Sector in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): Interim Results, Lessons Learned, and the Way Forward - World Bank (World Bank, 2016)

International Development Association: Project Appraisal Document on a Proposed Credit in the Amount of SDR 371.2 million to the Federal Republic of Nigeria for a Nigeria for Women Program Scale-Up Project - World Bank (2023)

International Development Association Project Paper on a Proposed Additional Credit in the Amount of Sdr 521.3 Million (us$700.0 Million Equivalent) to the Federal Republic of Nigeria for the Adolescent Girls Initiative for Learning and Empowerment Project - World Bank (2023)

Investing in the Early Years During COVID-19 - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)

Is education ready to work in data-intensive environments? - World Bank (Medium, 2019)
The availability of good data can help lead to making good decisions. This is true in education, as it is in other sectors.

ISR-Mongolia: Improving Primary Education Outcomes for the most vulnerable children in rural Mongolia (P130760) - World Bank (The World Bank, 2017)

Joint IDA-IFC-MIGA Country Partnership Strategy for the Republic of Senegal - World Bank (2013)

Keeping Bangladesh’s Students Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic - World Bank (2021)

Kenya GPE 19 Learning Continuity in Basic Education Project - Implementation Status and Results Report - World Bank (2021)

Kenya: Off-grid Solar Access Project for Underserved Counties - World Bank (2020)
Kenya: Off-grid Solar Access Project for Underserved Counties

Kenya Overview - World Bank (2019)
The World Bank’s work in Kenya supports the government’s Vision 2030 development strategy, which aims to accelerate sustainable growth, reduce inequality, and manage resource scarcity.

Kenya Public Expenditure Review 2020: Options for Fiscal Consolidation after the COVID-19 Crisis - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)
The objective of this public expenditure review (PER) is to provide the government with options for fiscal consolidation and support macroeconomic stability in the medium-term. This PER addresses the broad topic of expenditure efficiency and examines options for expenditure rationalization to help return Kenya’s fiscal accounts to a prudent trajectory in the medium-term. The PER is being undertaken as a programmatic analytical product with two modules. The first module focuses on identifying options for expenditure rationalization and measures to strengthen within-year expenditure control for better expenditure management. The second module to be delivered in FY21 will focus on efficiency, effectiveness, and equity of spending within public services delivery sectors of education, health, and disaster risk financing. The report builds upon several other Bank-led reports that contribute to the discussion around improving public expenditure and strengthening expenditure controls in Kenya. It complements an ongoing governance for enabling service delivery and public investments in Kenya (GESDeK) project, which is at the forefront in supporting numerous reforms highlighted in this PER to improve efficiency in spending and strengthen expenditure controls. The report is organized as follows: chapter one contains the macro context, trends, and composition of spending, overall balance and debt. Chapter two contains the fiscal and debt sustainability analysis while chapter three presents options for expenditure rationalization in Kenya. Chapter four ties it all together with fiscal savings and policy recommendations.
Keywords: Debt Sustainability; Expenditure Control System; Fiscal Sustainability; Fiscal Trends; Public Debt; Public Expenditure; Public Investment Management; Public Procurement; Public Wage Bill; Revenue

Knowlege Pack: Procurement - World Bank (2022)

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) - World Bank (2020)

Lao Basic Education Boost through $47 million Project - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)
The World Bank Global Partnership for Education III Learning and Equity Acceleration project will improve Lao education performance and teaching systems.
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Lao PDR | Data - World Bank (2024)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Lao PDR Global Partnership for Education III: Learning and Equity Acceleration Project - World Bank (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Lao PDR Global Partnership for Education III: Learning and Equity Acceleration Project - World Bank (2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Lao PDR Public Expenditure and Institutional Review: Financial Management in Education Analysis 2023 - World Bank (2024)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Lao PDR: School Autonomy and Accountability. - World Bank (2016)

Lao Peoples Democratic Republic – Learning and Equity Acceleration Project - World Bank (2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN Inclusion and education: ALL MEANS ALL - World Bank (2020)

Learners with Disabilities & COVID-19 School Closure - World Bank (2021)

Learning Losses. What to Do About the Heavy Cost of Covid-19 on Children, Youth, and Future Productivity - World Bank (World Bank, 2022)

Learning poverty - World Bank (2019)

Learning poverty - World Bank (2019)
This indicator brings together schooling and learning indicators.

Learning Poverty Brief - World Bank (2019)

Lessons from Kenya’s Education Reforms - World Bank (2022)

Leveraging Malawi’s Existing Digital Infrastructure to Boost Economic Growth - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)
The latest economic analysis of Malawi says the country has an opportunity to kickstart digital transformation by enabling the growth of a robust digital economy ecosystem

Liberia Education Sector Analysis - World Bank (2016)

Liberia - Improving Results in Secondary Education Project - World Bank (2019)

Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) - World Bank (2020)

Major New Education, Water Projects to Help Build Timor-Leste’s Human Capital - World Bank (2020)

Making Teacher Policy Work - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2023)
Making Teacher Policy Work (English)

Making Teacher Policy Work - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2023)
Making Teacher Policy Work (English)

Malawi Overview - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)
The World Bank Group supports Malawi’s efforts to reduce poverty and promote economic growth by working with the government, development partners, and civil society.

Malawi World Bank Approves $100 Million to Improve Skills Development Programs - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)
The World Bank today approved $100 million in financing from the International Development Association (IDA)* for Malawi to support increased access, particularly for female students, to skills development programs in priority areas of the economy that are most relevant to the labor market— now and in the future.

Malawi World Bank Approves $100 Million to Improve Skills Development Programs Press Release - World Bank (2021)
The World Bank today approved $100 million in financing from the International Development Association (IDA)* for Malawi to support increased access, particularly for female students, to skills development programs in priority areas of the economy that are most relevant to the labor market— now and in the future.
Keywords: auto_merged

Malawi World Bank Approves $100 Million to Improve Skills Development Programs Press Release - World Bank (2021)
The World Bank today approved $100 million in financing from the International Development Association (IDA)* for Malawi to support increased access, particularly for female students, to skills development programs in priority areas of the economy that are most relevant to the labor market— now and in the future.
Keywords: auto_merged

Microdata Library - World Bank (2022)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) - World Bank (2018)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) - South Asia | Data - World Bank (2020)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) - Sub-Saharan Africa - World Bank (2018)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) - Sub-Saharan Africa | Data - World Bank (2020)

Mongolia - Improving Primary Education Outcomes for the Most Vulnerable Children in Rural Mongolia (English) - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)
Mongolia - Improving Primary Education Outcomes for the Most Vulnerable Children in Rural Mongolia (English)

Mongolia Poverty Update 2018 - World Bank (Main Report of "Household Socio-Economic Survey 2018", 2020)

Mongolia: Systematic Country Diagnostic - World Bank (World Bank, 2018)

Mozambique Energy For All (ProEnergia) - World Bank (World Bank, 2023)
Development Projects : Mozambique Energy For All (ProEnergia) - P165453
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Mozambique - Service delivery indicators: Mozambique service delivery indicators (English) - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2015)
Mozambique service delivery indicators brief;education

MozPulse wave 1 Results Report - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)

Nigeria | Country Profile - World Bank (2020)
The World Bank is helping to fight poverty and improve living standards for the people of Nigeria with more than 130 IBRD loans and IDA credits since 1958.

Nigeria: Human Capital Index Summary - World Bank (2018)

Nigeria | Population - World Bank (2019)

Nigeria to Improve Electricity Access and Services to Citizens - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)
The World Bank approved $500 million to support the government of Nigeria in improving its electricity distribution sector.

Open Data Readiness Assessment: Sierra Leone - World Bank (2015)

Open Knowledge Repository - World Bank (2024)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Pakistan@100: Shaping the Future - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2018)
Pakistan@100: Shaping the Future articulates the reforms that are necessary for Pakistan to accelerate and sustain growth, and become an upper middle-income country by 2047, when it turns 100 years old.

Pakistan | Data - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2020)

Pakistan - Learning Poverty Brief - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2019)

Pakistan’s Floods are Deepening its Learning Crisis - World Bank (2022)

Pivoting to Inclusion: Leveraging Lessons from the COVID-19 Crisis for Learners with Disabilities - World Bank (2020)

Population ages 0-14 (% of total population) - Bangladesh | Data - World Bank (2021)

Population ages 15-64 (% of total population) - Bangladesh | Data - World Bank (2021)

Population growth (annual %) - Bangladesh | Data - World Bank (2021)

Population growth (annual %) - Kenya | Data - World Bank (2021)

Population growth (annual %) - Pakistan - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2019)

Population, total - Bangladesh | Data - World Bank (2021)

Population, total | Data - World Bank (2021)

Population, total - Kenya | Data - World Bank (2021)

Population, total - Pakistan | Data - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2019)

Poverty and Equity Brief: Pakistan - World Bank (2021)

Poverty and shared prosperity 2018: piecing together the poverty puzzle - World Bank (World Bank, 2018)

Pre-Primary Education in Mongolia: Access, Quality of Service Delivery, & Child Development Outcomes - World Bank (World Bank, 2017)

Pre-primary education in Mongolia : access, quality of service delivery, & child development outcomes - March 2017 - World Bank (World Bank, 2017)
Pre-primary education in Mongolia : access, quality of service delivery, & child development outcomes - March 2017 (English)

Project Appraisal document on a Global Partnership for Education Fund grant in the amount of US$88.4 million to the Republic of Kenya for a primary education development project - World Bank (2015)

Project Appraisal document on a grant from the Global Partnership for Education to the Republic of Madagascar - World Bank (2018)

Project Information Document (PID) Concept Stage: Mongolia Education Quality Reform Project - World Bank (The World Bank, 2013)

Project Information Document (PID): Sierra Leone Free Education Project (P167897) - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2019)

Project Information Document: Sierra Leone Free Education Project - World Bank (2019)

Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary - Tanzania | Data - World Bank (2018)

Rapid Response Guidance Note: Educational Television & COVID-19 - World Bank (2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Rapid Response Guidance Note: Educational Television & COVID-19 - World Bank (2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Realizing the Future of Learning : From Learning Poverty to Learning for Everyone, Everywhere - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)
Realizing the Future of Learning : From Learning Poverty to Learning for Everyone, Everywhere (English)

Remote Learning and COVID-19: The use of educational technologies at scale across an education system as a result of massive school closings in response to the COVID-19 pandemic to enable distance education and online learning - World Bank (2020)

Remote Learning, Distance Education and Online Learning During the COVID19 Pandemic: A Resource List by the World Bank's Edtech Team - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Remote Learning Response to COVID-19 Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Fragility, Conflict and Violence (FCV) - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2020)
Remote Learning Response to COVID-19 Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Fragility, Conflict and Violence (FCV) (English)

Report on Education Crisis in Latin America and the Caribbean: Urgent Action is Needed to Address the Enormous Education Crisis in Latin America and the Caribbean - World Bank (The World Bank, 2021)
Following the massive school closures, as of February 2021, about 120 million school-age children had already lost or were at risk of losing a full academic year of presential education, with serious educational impacts, according to the report, Acting now to protect the human capital of our children: The costs of and response to the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the education sector in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Republic of Sierra Leone Higher and Tertiary Education Sector Policy Note - World Bank (2013)

Restructuring Paper on a Proposed Project: Restructuring of the Education Quality Reform Project - World Bank (The World Bank, 2020)

Revitalizing Education Development in Sierra Leone (REDISL) Project - World Bank (2014)

Rural population (% of total population) - Bangladesh | Data - World Bank (2021)

Rural population (% of total population) | Data - World Bank (2021)

SABER Country Report –Senegal: Engaging the Private Sector in Education - World Bank (2016)

SABER dataset - World Bank (World Bank, 2022)

SABER EMIS Questionnaire - World Bank (World Bank, 2014)

School enrollment, primary, female (% gross) - Liberia | Data - World Bank (2020)

School enrollment, primary (% net) - Kenya | Data - World Bank (2021)

School enrollment, secondary (% net) - Bangladesh | Data - World Bank (2021)

School Hits the Airwaves: Sierra Leone Turns to Education Radio as a Response to COVID-19 - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)
Sierra Leone's experience with education radio during the 2014 Ebola outbreak has helped strengthen its radio programming during school closures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

School Hits the Airwaves: Sierra Leone Turns to Education Radio as a Response to COVID-19 - World Bank (The World Bank, 2021)
Sierra Leone's experience with education radio during the 2014 Ebola outbreak has helped strengthen its radio programming during school closures caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Secondary education, pupils - Bangladesh | Data - World Bank (2021)

Secondary education, pupils (% female) - Bangladesh | Data - World Bank (2021)

Secondary Education Quality Improvemen Project (SEQUIP) - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2019)

Secondary Education Quality Improvement Program for Results (SEQUIP): Draft Environment and Social Systems Assessment (ESSA) - World Bank (United Republic of Tanzania, 2017)

Secondary Education Quality Improvement Project (SEQUIP) - World Bank (2019)

Secondary education, teachers - Bangladesh | Data - World Bank (2021)

Secondary education, teachers, female - Bangladesh | Data - World Bank (2021)

Service delivery with more districts in Uganda : fiscal challenges and opportunities for reforms: Public expenditure review - World Bank (World Bank, 2013)
Service delivery with more districts in Uganda : fiscal challenges and opportunities for reforms - public expenditure review (English)

Sierra Leone Free Education Project - World Bank (2020)

Sierra Leone - Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017 - World Bank (2017)

Sierra Leone Public Expenditure Review 2021: Fiscal Policy for a Sustainable Recovery - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)
This Fiscal and Debt Sustainability Note, the first module of a programmatic multisectoral Public Expenditure Review (PER), reviews the recent macro-fiscal challenges, analyzes their causes and consequences and provide policy options for enhancing the conduct of fiscal and PFM policies in the country. The first part of this module draws on the Boost database to provide a comprehensive overview of the budget covering both revenues and expenditures. It analyzes the composition of the budget (based on economic and functional classifications) and discusses the most critical PFM issues the country faces. It also assesses budget execution and the efficiency of public expenditure. The second part of the module focuses on fiscal risks and their implications for medium-term fiscal and debt sustainability. It examines the recent evolution of public debt, its main drivers and relationship to economic growth. It describes recent reforms to address fiscal and debt vulnerabilities and how these reforms have been affected by the global pandemic. It also analyzes the main fiscal risks with a focus on those stemming from State-Own Enterprises (SOEs), local councils, litigations, natural disasters, and health crises. This part uses simulations to analyze the most likely evolution of the public debt path over the next 20 years under alternative risk scenarios. Finally, the module proposes practical and actionable policy options to help improve the macro-fiscal environment over the short term and preserve debt sustainability over the medium term.
Keywords: Debt Sustainability; Fiscal Policy; Fiscal Sustainability; Public Debt; Public Expenditure; Public Financial Management; Public Investment Management; State-Owned Enterprises

Sindh Public Expenditure Review - World Bank (World Bank, 2017)
Sindh has the potential to become a high middle-income province in Pakistan, but it lags far behind in terms of economic, social and development indicators. Sindh is also the most industrialized province, resource-rich and endowed with the country’s largest natural gas and coal reserves. In sum, it has the potential to become a high-growth and high-income region. Nonetheless, Sindh has yet to translate this potential into commensurate economic and social development. The province faces major developmental challenges. Sindh’s weak social indicators are partly the result of the inadequate reach and low quality of public service delivery. This Public Expenditure Review focuses on provincial finances and their utilization with the objective of identifying possible reforms to expand the resource envelope and ensure better value for money by improving the management and efficiency of public spending. It includes two important components: (i) a detailed analysis of the major revenue challenges and the various expenditures, including development spending and; (ii) and in-depth assessment of how some of the key government priorities are undertaken, such as education, health, and social protection. The hope is that by better understanding the constraints, reforms can be designed and implemented to maximize Sindh’s potential and promote a more equitable and productive path.
Keywords: Education; Finance; Fiscal Trends; Health; Inequality; Labor Force Participation; Policy; Poverty; Public Expenditure; Public Sector; Social Protection; Vulnerability

Smart Solutions to Improve Pakistan’s Education - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2017)
The Sindh School Monitoring System spreads across 15 districts and to the remotest parts of the province. Plans are underway to expand it to the entire province.

South Africa Public Expenditure and Institutional Review for Early Childhood Development - World Bank (2023)
South Africa Public Expenditure and Institutional Review for Early Childhood Development (ECD PEIR) (English)

Sudan | Data - World Bank (The World Bank, 2020)

Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) - World Bank (World Bank, 2016)
The Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) was launched by the World Bank in 2011 to produce comparative data and knowledge on education policies and institutions, with the aim of helping countries systematically strengthen their education systems and the ultimate goal of promoting Learning for All. It allows countries to conduct a thorough inventory of their education policies and institutions based on global best practices, as well as provides decisionmakers and stakeholders at all levels with tools for structured and effective policy dialogue.

Taking Stock: Vietnam Economic Update, March 2023 - World Bank (2023)
Vietnam’s economic growth is projected to ease to 6.3 percent in 2023 from a robust 8 percent last year, as services growth moderates and higher prices and interest rates weigh on households and investors, according to the World Bank’s latest Taking Stock report.

Tanzania Mainland Poverty Assessment: Executive Summary - World Bank (2020)

Teachers and Teaching in Sierra Leone : Teacher Quality and Management Study - World Bank (2021)
Keywords: _C:Sierra Leone

The COVID-19 Pandemic: Shocks to Education and Policy Responses - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)

The Education System in Malawi. Africa education country status report - World Bank (2010)

The Future of Work in Africa: The Roles of Skills, Informality, and Social Protection in Unleashing the Promise of Digital Technologies for All - World Bank (World Bank, 2019)
A new World Bank report says Sub-Saharan African countries could benefit from well-harnessed technological adoption.

The State of Global Learning Poverty: 2022 Update - World Bank (World Bank, 2022)
The State of Global Learning Poverty: 2022 Update

The Third Punjab Education Sector Project (PESP III) - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2019)

The Urgent Need to Focus on Foundational Skills - World Bank (2021)
The urgent need to focus on foundational skills

The What, Why, and How of the Systems Approach for Better Education Results (SABER) - World Bank (2013)
Keywords: Systems Framework

The World Bank in Eastern and Southern Africa: Development news, research, data - World Bank (World Bank, 2023)
Home to about 700 million of Africa’s people, the World Bank’s Eastern and Southern Africa Region is a geographically, culturally and economically diverse region of 26 countries stretching from the Red Sea in the North to the Cape of Good Hope in the South.
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

The World Bank in Malawi - World Bank (World Bank, 2022)
The World Bank Group supports Malawi’s efforts to reduce poverty and promote economic growth by working with the government, development partners, and civil society.

The World Bank in Timor-Leste - World Bank (2022)

The World Bank in Vietnam - World Bank (World Bank, 2024)
Vietnam’s shift from a centrally planned to a market economy has transformed the country from one of the poorest in the world into a lower middle-income country. Vietnam now is one of the most dynamic emerging countries in East Asia region.

The World Bank In Zimbabwe - World Bank (2019)
The World Bank's lending program in Zimbabwe is inactive due to arrears, and the role is now limited to technical assistance and analytical work.

There will be no recovery without empowered, motivated and effective teachers - World Bank (2021)
There will be no recovery without empowered, motivated and effective teachers

Thinking inside the "Box": Pakistan turns to education TV during Covid-19 - World Bank (2021)

Timor-Leste Overview - World Bank (The World Bank in Timor-Leste, 2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

To take learning seriously, start by measuring it - World Bank (World Development Report 2018: Learning to Realize Education's Promise, 2017)

Trained teachers in primary education (% of total teachers) - Ghana | Data - World Bank (The World Bank Open Data, 2021)

TV-Based Learning in Bangladesh: Is it Reaching Students? - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

TV-Based Learning in Bangladesh: Is it Reaching Students? - World Bank (2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Two-Thirds of Poorer Countries Are Cutting Education Budgets Due to COVID-19 - World Bank (World Bank, 2021)

Urban population - Pakistan | Data - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2019)

World Bank Data Bank: Population in Cambodia - World Bank (2023)

World Bank Data Bank: Urban Population - World Bank (2022)

World Bank Gender Data Portal - World Bank (2024)
Gender indicators for Lao PDR
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

World Bank in Cambodia - World Bank (2024)

World Bank Open Data - World Bank (World Bank Open Data, 2023)
Free and open access to global development data

World Bank Open Data - World Bank (2024)
Free and open access to global development data
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

World Bank Open Data portal - World Bank (2021)

World Bank: pandemic threatens to drive unprecedented number of children into learning poverty - World Bank (2021)
World Bank: Pandemic Threatens to Drive Unprecedented Number of Children into Learning Poverty

World Development Indicators - World Bank (2021)

World Development Indicators | DataBank - World Bank (2022)

World Development Report 2016: Digital dividends - World Bank (World Bank, 2016)
Keywords: AWP2; AWP2-actual

World Development Report 2016: Digital Dividends - World Bank (2016)
Information related to the World Development Report 2016: Digital Dividends

World Development Report 2017: Governance and the Law - World Bank (World Bank, 2017)
World Development Report 2017: Governance and the Law

World Development Report 2018: Learning to realize education’s promise - World Bank (World Development Report, 2018)
World Development Report 2018: LEARNING to Realize Education’s Promise
Keywords: C:Low- and middle-income countries