Using innovative methods to train teachers of blind children: what we learned - Kweyu, Ignatius; Koszorus, Ferenc (EdTech Hub, 2021)
Governments all over the world have closed learning institutions because of the Covid-19 pandemic, including in Kenya. This has exacerbated the global learning crisis and made it more difficult for teachers, parents, and caregivers to include children with disabilities in quality education. To ensure learners with disabilities were not left behind during Covid-19 school closures, eKitabu partnered with EdTech Hub…
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; ___working_potential_duplicate; _zenodoETH

EDUCATE! Riding the reform wave to scale up youth entrepreneurship in Uganda - Kwauk, Christina; Perlman Robinson, Jenny (2016)
Keywords: Scaling; youth entrepreneurship

Should students use digital scratchpads? Impact of using a digital assistive tool on arithmetic problem-solving - Kwak, Minji; Gweon, Gahgene (Springer International Publishing, 2019)
An excessive cognitive load may reduce a student’s problem-solving performance by preventing effective learning. Using an assistive tool, such as a notepad, can reduce such extraneous cognitive while solving a problem, thereby improving a student’s performance. In this paper, we collected game log data from an educational game, called “Double digit”, which has a digital scratchpad as an assistive tool that can be used to reduce student’s cognitive load. We examine whether a correlation exists between the amount of “digital scratchpad usage” and a student’s “game performance”. Game log data, which consisted of 1,440,000 actions, was collected from 418 students in kindergarten to grade 2. Our data analysis using person-correlation shows a significant positive relationship between digital scratchpad usage and game performance for all three game difficulty levels. Interestingly, the correlation increases as the game difficulty level increases. This suggests that as game level difficulty increases, which requires a higher cognitive load of a student, students who used the digital scratchpad had higher game performance.
Keywords: Arithmetic addition; Cognitive load; Digital assistive tool; Digital scratchpad; Game performance

Female leadership and school effectiveness in junior high schools in Ghana - Kwadzo Agezo, Clement (Journal of Educational Administration, 2010)
Purpose – The purpose of this research is to examine female principal leadership practices that are considered crucial in the effectiveness and improvement of schools and school administration in Ghanaian junior high schools.

Ten Steps to a Results-Based Monitoring and Evaluation System - Kusek, Jody Zall; Rist, Ray C. (World Bank, 2004)

The new dynamics of strategy: Sense-making in a complex and complicated world - Kurtz, C.F.; Snowden, David (Engineering Management Review, IEEE, 2003)
In this paper, we challenge the universality of three basic assumptions prevalent in organizational decision support and strategy: assumptions of order, of rational choice, and of intent. We describe the Cynefin framework, a sense-making device we have developed to help people make sense of the complexities made visible by the relaxation of these assumptions. The Cynefin framework is derived from several years of action research into the use of narrative and complexity theory in organizational knowledge exchange, decision-making, strategy, and policy-making. The framework is explained, its conceptual underpinnings are outlined, and its use in group sense-making and discourse is described. Finally, the consequences of relaxing the three basic assumptions, using the Cynefin framework as a mechanism, are considered.
Keywords: _THEME: Teacher Professional Development

Implementing the flipped classroom in teacher education: evidence from Turkey - Kurt, Gökçe (Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 2017)
The flipped classroom, a form of blended learning, is an emerging instructional strategy reversing a traditional lecture-based teaching model to improve the quality and efficiency of the teaching and learning process. The present article reports a study that focused on the implementation of the flipped approach in a higher education institution in Turkey. For this pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study, a classroom management course in a pre-service English teacher education program was flipped and its effectiveness was measured against a traditionally taught class. Quantitative and qualitative data came from 62 pre-service teachers (PTs) in two intact classes randomly assigned as the experimental and the control groups. Findings revealed a higher level of self-efficacy beliefs and better learning outcomes for the experimental group PTs in the flipped classroom compared to the control group PTs in the traditional classroom. PTs' perceptions of the flipped classroom were also positive.
Keywords: Blended Learning; Blended learning; Classroom Techniques; Classroom management; Classrooms; Control Groups; Conventional Instruction; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Education; Education--Teaching Methods And Curriculum; Educational Technology; English (Second Language); Experimental Groups; Flipped classroom; Focus Groups; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Homework; Language Teachers; Learning; Postsecondary Education; Pre-service teachers of English; Preservice Teacher Education; Pretests Posttests; Program Effectiveness; Qualitative analysis; Quasiexperimental Design; Reversing; Scores; Second Language Instruction; Self Efficacy; Statistical Analysis; Teacher education; Teachers; Teaching Methods; Teaching methods; Technology Uses in Education; Tests; Turkey; Video Technology; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2097427; __finaldtb; ⛔ No DOI found

Implementing the flipped classroom in teacher education: evidence from Turkey - Kurt, Gökçe (Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 2017)
The flipped classroom, a form of blended learning, is an emerging instructional strategy reversing a traditional lecture-based teaching model to improve the quality and efficiency of the teaching and learning process. The present article reports a study that focused on the implementation of the flipped approach in a higher education institution in Turkey. For this pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study, a classroom management course in a pre-service English teacher education program was flipped and its effectiveness was measured against a traditionally taught class. Quantitative and qualitative data came from 62 pre-service teachers (PTs) in two intact classes randomly assigned as the experimental and the control groups. Findings revealed a higher level of self-efficacy beliefs and better learning outcomes for the experimental group PTs in the flipped classroom compared to the control group PTs in the traditional classroom. PTs' perceptions of the flipped classroom were also positive.
Keywords: Blended Learning; Blended learning; Classroom Techniques; Classroom management; Classrooms; Control Groups; Conventional Instruction; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Education; Education--Teaching Methods And Curriculum; Educational Technology; English (Second Language); Experimental Groups; Flipped classroom; Focus Groups; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Homework; Language Teachers; Learning; Postsecondary Education; Pre-service teachers of English; Preservice Teacher Education; Pretests Posttests; Program Effectiveness; Qualitative analysis; Quasiexperimental Design; Reversing; Scores; Second Language Instruction; Self Efficacy; Statistical Analysis; Teacher education; Teachers; Teaching Methods; Teaching methods; Technology Uses in Education; Tests; Turkey; Video Technology; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2097427; __finaldtb; ⛔ No DOI found

Implementing the flipped classroom in teacher education: evidence from Turkey - Kurt, Gökçe (Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 2017)
The flipped classroom, a form of blended learning, is an emerging instructional strategy reversing a traditional lecture-based teaching model to improve the quality and efficiency of the teaching and learning process. The present article reports a study that focused on the implementation of the flipped approach in a higher education institution in Turkey. For this pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study, a classroom management course in a pre-service English teacher education program was flipped and its effectiveness was measured against a traditionally taught class. Quantitative and qualitative data came from 62 pre-service teachers (PTs) in two intact classes randomly assigned as the experimental and the control groups. Findings revealed a higher level of self-efficacy beliefs and better learning outcomes for the experimental group PTs in the flipped classroom compared to the control group PTs in the traditional classroom. PTs' perceptions of the flipped classroom were also positive.
Keywords: Blended Learning; Blended learning; Classroom Techniques; Classroom management; Classrooms; Control Groups; Conventional Instruction; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Education; Education--Teaching Methods And Curriculum; Educational Technology; English (Second Language); Experimental Groups; Flipped classroom; Focus Groups; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Homework; Language Teachers; Learning; Postsecondary Education; Pre-service teachers of English; Preservice Teacher Education; Pretests Posttests; Program Effectiveness; Qualitative analysis; Quasiexperimental Design; Reversing; Scores; Second Language Instruction; Self Efficacy; Statistical Analysis; Teacher education; Teachers; Teaching Methods; Teaching methods; Technology Uses in Education; Tests; Turkey; Video Technology; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2097427; __finaldtb; ⛔ No DOI found

The digital gender gap - Kuroda, Reiko; Lopez, Mariana; Sasaki, Janelle; Settecase, Michelle (GSMA, 2019)

Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) of what works to improve educational outcomes for people with disabilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries - Kuper, Hannah; Ashrita, Saran; White, Howard (Department for International Development (DFID), 2018)

Indian educators' awareness and attitude towards assistive technology - Kundu; Bej, Tripti (Journal of Enabling Technologies, 2020)
Objective: This study investigated the awareness and attitude of Indian mainstream secondary school teachers on assistive technologies (AT) and its implementation level in inclusive setting. Methodology: The study followed descriptive survey method within ex-post-facto research design taking 150 teachers including 15 headmasters from 15 secondary schools as samples following stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaires and interviews (according to set interview protocol) were the main research tools used during survey. Collected data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially to reach a conclusion. Findings: Findings revealed that Indian mainstream secondary school teachers’ awareness of AT was very poor yet their attitude towards it was highly positive. Except having a good attitude, everywhere- the teachers’ knowledge, professional support, or infrastructural support- the inadequacy was obvious. Indian schools were running with a poor resource pool of assistive products along with poor implementation. Hence special need students of these schools were not getting the necessary supports from schools as they deserve which has been hampering the overall inclusive atmosphere of the country. Statistical analysis revealed that male teachers showed slightly higher awareness level regarding AT than their female counterparts but in respect of attitude they were found overpowered by the females. Teachers of urban schools also exhibited slightly better awareness and attitude towards AT than the teachers of rural schools. Lack of suitable policies, adequate awareness and financial limitations were evolved as major barriers in the implementation of AT in these schools.

A computational literature review of the field of System Dynamics from 1974 to 2017 - Kunc, Martin; Mortenson, Michael J.; Vidgen, Richard (Journal of Simulation, 2018)
System Dynamics celebrated its 60th anniversary in 2017. While there have been numerous special issues in diverse journals that bring together work by System Dynamics scholars who share similar research interests, there have been no systematic reviews of scholarly activity across the broad field. This paper presents a computational literature review of the field from 1974 to 2017. A CLR automates the analysis of research articles with analysis of content (topic modelling of abstracts) to identify emergent themes in the literature. We performed a broad review of the field by initially searching using the term “System Dynamics” with more than 8000 articles. However, the results obtained were not satisfactory so we decided to restrict our sample to less than 800 articles from recognised journals and proceedings. After evaluation of the results obtained from topic modelling, we decided to use 51 topics covering most of the articles in our sample. A list of 51 topics provides enough granularity to identify relevant patterns of activity within the community of System Dynamics scholars. For each of these 51 topics, we present a commentary on the key insights obtained.
Keywords: System Dynamics; computational literature review; healthcare; methodology; supply chain

Sandboxes: My experience participating in the sandbox alpha - Kumasewera, Pilirani (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This is the third in this series about our sandboxes. If you haven’t already, read about our approach to experimentation and how we tested our sandbox strategy out in Malawi.
Keywords: F:Sandbox; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _zenodoETH

Factors in Mathematics Teachers’ Access to Digital Technologies and Their Professional Development Through Praxis in Marginalised Communities in Bangladesh - Kukulska-Hulme, Agnes; Power, Tom; Dawadi, Saraswati; Rahman, S M Hafizur; Parvin, Tauhida (Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 2024)
The paper presents findings from a research study of 318 mathematics teachers’ experiences of access to, and use of, digital technology in their professional development in marginalised communities in ten districts across Bangladesh. The innovative two-cycle qualitative study design involved early career researchers collaborating with peer-researcher teachers who interviewed their peers about local teachers’ experiences. The interview data was analysed through the lens of Van Dijk’s model of digital access and use, addressing motivation, physical access, skills, and usage. The findings reveal that most rural teachers were able to overcome barriers to access and complete the online course using their mobile phones, but the aim of making mathematics learning more active and joyful was only realised among the minority of teachers who had a supportive school environment. Promoting and supporting opportunities for praxis in schools is essential if technology enhanced professional development is to lead to improvements in teaching and learning. The findings have important implications for practice and at policy level to rethink access to professional development through ‘mobile first’ technologies and support for praxis in schools, in marginalised communities in Bangladesh and elsewhere.

Opinion: EdTech promised a learning revolution — but didn't deliver - Kucirkova, Natalia (World Economic Forum The Agenda Weekly, 2022)
Education technology, EdTech, promised equitable learning for children worldwide. It has failed to live up to that promise, but there is still a chance.

What is Kubernetes - Kubernetes (2021)

Learning without Teachers? Evidence from a Randomized Experiment of a Mobile Phone-Based Adult Education Program in Los Angeles - Ksoll, Christopher; Aker, Jenny C; Miller, Danielle; Perez, Karla; Smalley, Susan L (2014)
Over 755 million adults worldwide are unable to read and write in any language. Yet the widespread introduction of information and communication technology offers new opportunities to provide standardized distance education to underserved illiterate populations in both developed and developing countries. Using data from a randomized experiment of an innovative mobile phone-based adult education program (Cell-Ed) in Los Angeles, we find that the Cell-Ed program significantly increased students’ basic and broad reading scores, equivalent to a 2-4 year increase in reading levels over a four-month period. The program also increased participants’ selfesteem by 7 percent as compared with the comparison group. These results are robust to correcting for non-random attrition using a variety of non-parametric methods, including using the phase-in design to tighten the Lee bounds. Our results suggest that there is great scope for using information technology as a means of improving educational skills for illiterate adults.

Determinants of social desirability bias in sensitive surveys: a literature review - Krumpal, Ivar (Quality & Quantity, 2013)
Survey questions asking about taboo topics such as sexual activities, illegal behaviour such as social fraud, or unsocial attitudes such as racism, often generate inaccurate survey estimates which are distorted by social desirability bias. Due to self-presentation concerns, survey respondents underreport socially undesirable activities and overreport socially desirable ones. This article reviews theoretical explanations of socially motivated misreporting in sensitive surveys and provides an overview of the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of specific survey methods designed to encourage the respondents to answer more honestly. Besides psychological aspects, like a stable need for social approval and the preference for not getting involved into embarrassing social interactions, aspects of the survey design, the interviewer’s characteristics and the survey situation determine the occurrence and the degree of social desirability bias. The review shows that survey designers could generate more valid data by selecting appropriate data collection strategies that reduce respondents’ discomfort when answering to a sensitive question.

Focus Group Interviewing - Krueger, Richard A.; Casey, Mary Anne (Handbook of Practical Program Evaluation, 2015)
This chapter discusses using focus groups as a component of an evaluation strategy. It focuses on both the benefits and the limitations of using this method and also offers suggestions for the effective use of focus group interviewing in an evaluation. Focus groups are a wonderful method for gathering information for formative and summative evaluations. A key role is the study team leader, sometimes called the principal investigator (PI), who takes on the overall leadership of the study. Team members work together to complete the study, but individuals take primary responsibility for certain tasks. The chapter describes these tasks and roles. Successful focus group studies are grounded on five key steps: planning, developing questions, recruiting, moderating, and analyzing. Each of these steps is critical to success. Those who seek to have successful focus groups should be attentive to performing each step with care, thought, and skill.
Keywords: classic analysis strategy; focus group interviewing; focus group recruitment; formative evaluations; study team leader; summative evaluations

A Survey of Autism of Knowledge in an Early Childhood Teacher’s District of Central Java - Kristiana, Ika Febrian; Widayanti, Costrie Ganes (1st lnternatlonal Conference of Psychology, 2015)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found; ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Challenges faced by hearing impairment students during covid-19 - Krishnan, Isai Amutan; De Mello, Geraldine; Kok, Shelen Aderina; Sabapathy, Saabdev Kumar; Munian, Saravanan; Ching, Hee Sio; Kandasamy, Pushpa; Ramalingam, Selvajothi; Baskaran, Shasthrika; Kanan, Vasudevan Naidu (Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

A Foot in the Door: Exploring the Role of Student Teaching Assignments in Teachers’ Initial Job Placements - Krieg, John M.; Theobald, Roddy; Goldhaber, Dan (Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 2016)
We use data from Washington State to examine two stages of the teacher pipeline: the placement of prospective teachers into student teaching assignments and the hiring of prospective teachers into their first teaching positions. We find that prospective teachers are likely to complete their student teaching near their college and hometowns but that prospective teachers’ student teaching positions are much more predictive of their first teaching positions than their hometowns. This suggests that student teaching assignments may contribute to the “draw of home” in new teacher hiring. We also find that more qualified prospective teachers tend to student teach in more advantaged districts, suggesting that patterns in student teaching assignments may contribute to the inequitable distribution of teacher quality.
Keywords: econometric analysis; economics of education; higher education; program evaluation

The Challenge of Education and Learning in the Developing World - Kremer, Michael; Brennen, Conner; Glennerster, Rachel (Science, 2013)
Across many different contexts, randomized evaluations find that school participation is sensitive to costs: Reducing out-of-pocket costs, merit scholarships, and conditional cash transfers all increase schooling. Addressing child health and providing information on how earnings rise with education can increase schooling even more cost-effectively. However, among those in school, test scores are remarkably low and unresponsive to more-of-the-same inputs, such as hiring additional teachers, buying more textbooks, or providing flexible grants. In contrast, pedagogical reforms that match teaching to students' learning levels are highly cost effective at increasing learning, as are reforms that improve accountability and incentives, such as local hiring of teachers on short-term contracts. Technology could potentially improve pedagogy and accountability. Improving pre-and postprimary education are major future challenges.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Additional Funding Available: Call for Research Proposals - EdTech responses to Covid-19 - Kreimeia, Adam (EdTech Hub, 2020)
We are excited to announce that there is now increased funding available for projects through our Call for Research Proposals: EdTech responses to Covid-19, which closes on Friday 27th November 2020.  As part of this window, additional funding, up to a total value of £50k, may be available to a small number of applications, particularly where they allow for comparison…
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _zenodoETH

Mobile pastoralists and education: strategic options - Krätli, Saverio; Dyer, Caroline (International Institute for Environment and Development (UK), 2009)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Mobile pastoralists and education: strategic options - Krätli, Saverio; Dyer, Caroline (International Institute for Environment and Development (UK), 2009)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Mobile pastoralists and education: strategic options - Krätli, Saverio; Dyer, Caroline (International Institute for Environment and Development (UK), 2009)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Mobile pastoralists and education: strategic options - Krätli, Saverio; Dyer, Caroline (International Institute for Environment and Development (UK), 2009)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

A revision of Bloom's taxonomy: An overview - Krathwohl, David R. (Theory Into Practice, 2002)

The Effect of Teacher Coaching on Instruction and Achievement: A Meta-Analysis of the Causal Effect - Kraft, Matthew A.; Blazar, David; Hogan, Dylan (Review of Educational Research, 2018)
Teacher coaching has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional models of professional development. We review the empirical literature on teacher coaching and conduct meta-analyses to estimate the mean effect of coaching programs on teachers’ instructional practice and students’ academic achievement. Combining results across 60 studies that employ causal research designs, we find pooled effect sizes of 0.49 standard deviations (SD) on instruction and 0.18 SD on achievement. Much of this evidence comes from literacy coaching programs for prekindergarten and elementary school teachers. Although these findings affirm the potential of coaching as a development tool, further analyses illustrate the challenges of taking coaching programs to scale while maintaining effectiveness. Average effects from effectiveness trials of larger programs are only a fraction of the effects found in efficacy trials of smaller programs. We conclude by discussing ways to address scale-up implementation challenges and providing guidance for future causal studies.
Keywords: C:High-income countries; C:United States; ___working_potential_duplicate; effect size; experimental design; meta-analysis; professional development; school/teacher effectiveness; teacher education/development

The Effect of Teacher-Family Communication on Student Engagement: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment - Kraft, M; Dougherty, Shaun (Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2013)
In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of teacher communication with parents and students as a means of increasing student engagement. We estimate the causal effect of teacher communication by conducting a randomized field experiment in which sixth- and ninth-grade students were assigned to receive a daily phone call home and a text/written message during a mandatory summer school program. We find that frequent teacher–family communication immediately increased student engagement as measured by homework completion rates, on-task behavior, and class participation. On average, teacher–family communication increased the odds that students completed their homework by 40%, decreased instances in which teachers had to redirect students’ attention to the task at hand by 25%, and increased class participation rates by 15%. Drawing upon surveys and interviews with participating teachers and students, we identify three primary mechanisms through which communication likely affected engagement: stronger teacher–student relationships, expanded parental involvement, and increased student motivation.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

National Policies that Connect ICT-Based Education Reform to Economic and Social Development - Kozma, Robert B. (Human Technology: An Interdisciplinary Journal on Humans in ICT Environments, 2005)
Information and communication technology (ICT) is a principal driver of economic development and social change, worldwide. In many countries, the need for economic and social development is used to justify investments in educational reform and in educational ICT. Yet the connections between national development goals and ICT-based education reform are often more rhetorical than programmatic. This paper identifies the factors that influence economic growth and shows how they supported economic and social development in three national case studies: Singapore, Finland, and Egypt. It describes a systemic framework of growth factors and types of development that can be used to analyze national policies and connect ICT-based education reform to national economic and social development goals. And it discusses how the coordination of policies within and across ministries can support a nation’s efforts to improve economic and social conditions. The paper highlights special concerns and challenges of developing countries.

The Technological, Economic, and Social Contexts for Educational ICT Policy - Kozma, Robert B. (Transforming education: the power of ICT policies, 2011)

NATIONAL POLICIES THAT CONNECT ICT-BASED EDUCATION - Kozma, Robert (Human Technology: An Interdisciplinary Journal on Humans in ICT Environments, 2005)
Keywords: _imported

What public media reveals about MOOCs: A systematic analysis of news reports - Kovanović, Vitomir; Joksimović, Srećko; Gašević, Dragan; Siemens, George; Hatala, Marek (British Journal of Educational Technology, 2015)
One of the striking differences between massive open online courses (MOOCs) and previous innovations in the education technology field is the unprecedented interest and involvement of the general public. As MOOCs address pressing problems in higher education and the broader educational practice, awareness of the general public debate around MOOCs is essential. Understanding the public discourse around MOOCs can provide insights into important social and public problems, thus enabling the MOOC research community to better focus their research endeavors. While there have been some reports looking at the state of the MOOC-related research, the analysis of the public debate surrounding MOOCs is still largely missing. In this paper, we present the results of a study that looked at the content of the public discourse related to MOOCs. We identified the most important themes and topics in MOOC-related mainstream news reports. Our results indicate that coverage of MOOCs in public media is rapidly decreasing: by the middle of 2014, it decreased by almost 50% from the highest activity during 2013. In addition, the focus of those discussions is also changing. While the majority of discussions during 2012 and 2013 were focused on MOOC providers, the announcements of their partnerships, and million dollar investments, the current focus of MOOC discourse seems to be moving toward more productive topics focused on the overall position of MOOCs in the global educational landscape. Among different topics that this study discovered, government-related issues and the use of data and analytics are some of the topics that seem to be growing in popularity during the first half of 2014.
Keywords: Reviewed

Feed the Monster: Impact and technical evaluation - Koval-Saifi, Nedjma; Plass, Jan (2018)

Feed the Monster: Impact and Technical Evaluation - Koval-Saifi, Nedjima; Plass, Jan (2018)

Feed the Monster: Impact and technical evaluation - Koval-Saifi, N; Plass, J (World Vision and Foundation for Information Technology Education and Development, 2018)

Data-Driven Teacher Deployment in Sierra Leone: Practicalities and quantitative analysis of using a matching algorithm in the 2024/25 deployment cycle - Koutecký, Tomáš; Mackintosh, Alasdair; Huti, M; Adam, Taskeen; Godwin, Katie; Frazer, Madleen Madina (EdTech Hub, 2025)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: _comingsoon; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

AI ethics and learning: EdTech companies’ challenges and solutions - Kousa, Päivi; Niemi, Hannele (Interactive Learning Environments, 2022)
The aim of this study is to identify the ethical challenges, solutions and needs of educational technology (EdTech) companies. Qualitative data was collected in interviews with seven experts from four companies, and the data was analysed using inductive content analysis. The four main areas of challenges were ambiguous regulations, inequalities in human learning, ethical dilemmas in machine learning (ML) and lack of ability to assess consequences in society. According to the studied companies, AI regulations are difficult to understand and implement. There is also much to be done in terms of reliability, transparency, and safety. Consequently, companies suggested that AI-based products should be more preventive, safe, explicable, and equally accessible. Sufficient information, multi-professional support also within company, global collaboration, sharing best practices, and general discussion were emphasised. The results show that EdTech companies are aware of their ethical challenges, and their responsibility as disseminators of information. However, translating information into practice is challenging because it is often very fragmented and difficult to understand. Companies hoped that everyone: themselves, consumers, educational institutions, researchers, funders, and decision-makers would do more together to overcome the ethical challenges of AI.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence; EdTech companies; ethical challenges and solutions; ethical sustainability; responsibility

Moving towards cost-effective delivery models of teacher coaching: evidence from field experiments in South Africa - Kotze, Janeli; Taylor, Stephen; Fleisch, Brahm (RISE, 2018)
Structured learning programmes have emerged as a promising way to address the low learning levels observed in many developing countries. The delivery model of these programmes matters, and on-site teacher coaching has been recommended to be highly effective, especially in early grade literacy. In this paper, we report on a series of government-led randomised experiments in South African primary schools that build on each other to test various models of teacher training and coaching. We find that sustained on-site coaching is more cost-effective (0.41 SD increase in test scores per USD 100) than either short coaching interventions (no significant impact) or centralized teacher training workshops (0.23 SD increase in test scores per USD 100). The ability to scale on-site coaching, however, is an open question. In the latest experiment, therefore, a virtual coaching programme was compared to on-site coaching. The focus of this paper is on the midline evaluation results from this experiment. After one year of intervention, virtual coaching was no less effective than on-site coaching at improving both the instructional practice of teachers and the targeted literacy outcomes of children. This points to the potential for technological innovations to enable wider rollout of coaching programmes, even in contexts where teachers are not familiar with new technologies.
Keywords: __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2425920; __finaldtb; ⛔ No DOI found

Language of instruction in Southeast Asia - Kosonen, , Kimmo (UNESCO Digital Library, 2017)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Aspirations and the Role of Social Protection: Evidence from a Natural Disaster in Rural Pakistan - Kosec, Katrina; Mo, Cecilia Hyunjung (World Development, 2017)
Citizens’ aspirations are increasingly recognized as an important dimension of their well-being. Those with high aspirations set ambitious goals for themselves, and those with low aspirations may fall prey to a poverty trap. Do natural disasters negatively impact aspirations? If so, can governments blunt these effects? We consider Pakistan’s devastating 2010 floods—and the government’s uneven relief efforts—to analyze these questions. We first show that the extreme rainfall generating this disaster significantly reduced aspirations, even when current levels of household expenditure, wealth, and education are taken into account. Individuals experiencing 2010 monsoon season rainfall that was one standard deviation higher than average had aspiration levels 1.5years later that were 0.15 standard deviations lower than those of similar individuals experiencing just average levels of rainfall. This is the same negative shock to aspirations that one would experience as a result of a 50% reduction in household expenditures. Moreover, the negative effect of natural disasters on aspirations is especially strong among the poor, and among those who are most vulnerable to weather shocks. However, exploiting exogenous variation in flood relief access, we show that government social protection can attenuate these negative impacts. Individuals in villages that received Citizens Damage Compensation (Watan Card) Program flood relief—providing cash equivalent to 9.4% of annual household expenditures in each of the three years following the disaster—saw significantly lower declines in aspirations than did those in similarly affected villages without this relief. This offers a new understanding of social protection; it not only restores livelihoods and replaces damaged assets, but also has an enduring effect by easing mental burdens, and thus raising aspirations for the future. The negative effects of natural disasters and the efficacy of government relief programs may thus be underestimated if aspirations are ignored.
Keywords: Pakistan; South Asia; climate change; political economy of development; political psychology; state capacity

Improving Child Literacy in Africa: Experiments with an Automated Reading Tutor - Korsah, G. Ayorkor; Mostow, Jack; Dias, M. Bernardine; Sweet, Tracy Morrison; Belousov, Sarah M.; Dias, M. Frederick; Gong, Haijun (Information Technologies & International Development, 2010)
This paper describes Project Kan é , a research endeavor aimed at exploring the role that technology can play in improving child literacy in developing communities. An initial pilot study and a subsequent four-month-long controlled field study in Ghana investigated the viability and effectiveness of an automated reading tutor in helping urban children enhance their reading skills in English. In addition to quantitative data suggesting that automated tutoring can be useful for some children in this setting, these studies and an additional preliminary pilot study in Zambia yielded useful qualitative observations regarding the feasibility of applying technology solutions to the challenge of enhancing child literacy in developing communities. This paper presents the findings, observations, and lessons learned from the field studies.
Keywords: Ghana; Zambia; child literacy; developing countries; field studies; technology solutions; ⛔ No DOI found

Using EdTech to Support Learning Remotely in the Early Years. Rapid Literature Review of Evidence from the Global Response to Covid-19. - Korin, Astrid (EdTech Hub, 2021)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org This topic brief examines the literature on technology-based, remote approaches to supporting learning in the early years for children from birth to age five, identifying promising practices for using EdTech in early childhood education (ECE) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It draws on the nurturing care framework, Principles for Digital Development, and effective pedagogical practices for ECE.
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v3; _r:AddedByZotZen; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH

The Reliability of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test in Clinical Practice - Kopp, Bruno; Lange, Florian; Steinke, Alexander (Assessment, 2019)
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) represents the gold standard for the neuropsychological assessment of executive function. However, very little is known about its reliability. In the current study, 146 neurological inpatients received the Modified WCST (M-WCST). Four basic measures (number of correct sorts, categories, perseverative errors, set-loss errors) and their composites were evaluated for split-half reliability. The reliability estimates of the number of correct sorts, categories, and perseverative errors fell into the desirable range (rel ≥ .90). The study therefore disclosed sufficiently reliable M-WCST measures, fostering the application of this eminent psychological test to neuropsychological assessment. Our data also revealed that the M-WCST possesses substantially better psychometric properties than would be expected from previous studies of WCST test-retest reliabilities obtained from non-patient samples. Our study of split-half reliabilities from discretionary construed and from randomly built M-WCST splits exemplifies a novel approach to the psychometric foundation of neuropsychology.

Teaching game and simulation based probability - Koparan, Timur (International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 2019)
Technology and games are the areas where learners are most interested in today's world. If these two can be brought together within the framework of learning objectives, they can be an advantage for teachers and students. This study aims to investigate the learning environment supported by game and simulation. The games were used to evaluate the basic probability knowledge of the prospective teachers, to demonstrate the role of problem solving in the formation of the mathematical knowledge, and to enable discussing mathematical ideas in a worksheet. Simulations were used for visualization and a large number of experiments. The sampling of the study, by which case study research is adopted, is comprised of 40 prospective teachers at a state university in Turkey. The data were collected by introducing nine open-ended questions by means of games, worksheets and simulation activities. The questions asked relevant to the games include making predictions about the fairness of the games, playing the games in small numbers and in big numbers and the observation of the scores, calculation of the winning probabilities of the gamers both experimentally and theoretically, and their comparisons. The process of finding out the probability information underlying the games by the prospective teachers was analyzed qualitatively by means of worksheets, simulations and in-class observation, and the ways of thinking, intuitions, estimations, strategies, and opinions about the learning situation of the participants were tried to be determined. The results obtained put forward that the learning situation that was set up simultaneously contributed to the knowledge of probability and probability teaching of the prospective teachers; and that the candidates' opinions about the learning situation are positive.
Keywords: Computer Simulation; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Educational Environment; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Instructional Effectiveness; Knowledge Level; Mathematics Skills; Postsecondary Education; Prediction; Preservice Teacher Education; Preservice Teachers; Probability; Problem Solving; Student Attitudes; Turkey; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2098269; __finaldtb

Step-by-step approach: The integration of ICT in the classroom in rural African schools - Koopman, Martine (eChallenges 2014, 2014)
This paper will focus on how ICT in the classroom could really work to provide the children the education they need in this 21st century. Learning for children with the use of ICT in the classroom can work if teachers have the ability and skills to integrate ICT in their classroom. This is where the headmasters play a crucial role, if the teachers are supported by the surrounding education system. Simply placing hardware in schools will NOT improve the quality of teaching and learning. The work of IICD has demonstrated that for ICT to become real instruments of learning, the teachers are the important key to achieve results. The IICD approach will be illustrated in relation to the “ICT enabled school program” in Ghana.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Using EdTech to Support Effective Data Monitoring: A Curated Resource List - Koomar, Salim; Blest, Harriet (2020)
[No description available.]

Rapport de l’échange de connaissances - Koomar, Saalim; Rasolohery, Hasiniavo; Oojorah, Avinash; Udhin, Waaiza (EdTech Hub, 2025)
This is a report on a knowledge exchange visit between the Ministry of National Education of Madagascar and the Mauritius Institute for Education. The visit focused on sharing lessons and discussing ongoing projects related to technology in education. Key objectives included presenting successes and challenges of distance learning, discussing pedagogical design and digital platforms, and exploring long-term collaboration. School visits provided insights into technology integration in classrooms and teacher experiences. The report details the workshop's activities, participants, and key points, emphasising the importance of data-driven projects, feedback mechanisms, and continuous evaluation. Recommendations for future collaboration include short-term actions like remote communication and training, medium-term initiatives like co-presenting at conferences and personnel exchange, and long-term goals like co-applying for regional research projects. Keywords: teacher professional development; Madagascar; Moodle; knowledge exchange; EdTech; pedagogy Ce rapport porte sur une visite d’échange de connaissances entre le Ministère de l’Éducation Nationale de Madagascar et le Mauritius Institute for Education. La visite avait pour objectif de partager les enseignements tirés et de discuter des projets en cours liés aux technologies éducatives. Les principaux objectifs comprenaient la présentation des succès et des défis de l’apprentissage à distance, la discussion sur la conception pédagogique et les plateformes numériques, ainsi que l’exploration d’une collaboration à long terme. Les visites d’écoles ont permis d’observer l’intégration des technologies en classe et l’expérience des enseignants. Le rapport détaille les activités de l’atelier, les participants et les points clés, en mettant l’accent sur l’importance des projets basés sur les données, des mécanismes de retour d’information et de l’évaluation continue. Les recommandations pour une future collaboration incluent : Actions à court terme : communication et formation à distance; Initiatives à moyen terme : co-présentation lors de conférences et échanges de personnel; Objectifs à long terme : candidature conjointe à des projets de recherche régionaux. Mots clés: formation pédagogique; Madagascar; Moodle; échange de connaissances; technologie dans l’éducation; pédagogie An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: _comingsoon; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Session 4: How can I rapidly upskill my large teacher workforce? - Koomar, Saalim; Proctor, Jamie (2022)
The Strategic Choices for Education Reform workshop held in Zimbabwe in November 2022 aimed to provide a forum for senior government officials to reflect and consider the strategic reform options for their countries. The objective was to convene officials in key positions in the ministries of education, higher education, finance, and planning to learn about important issues and approaches in education; exchange experiences and lessons; develop an understanding of what is necessary to reconstruct better and more resilient education systems; and to transform the large potential of young people, through human capital investments, into development and prosperity. EdTech Hub was invited to facilitate the day of the workshop focused on harnessing ICT for better teaching and learning. This presentation is one of several used in the workshop to promote learning, discussion, and problem solving among the participants. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

L'utilisation des preuves pour renforcer la formation pédagogique à travers les technologies à Madagascar - Koomar, Saalim; Moss Coflan, Caitlin; Rasolohéry, Hasiniavo (2021)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; ___working_potential_duplicate; _cover:analysis:nopdf; _r:AddedByZotZen; _zenodoETH

Using evidence to strengthen tech-supported teacher professional development in Madagascar - Koomar, Saalim; Moss Coflan, Caitlin; Rasolohéry, Hasiniavo (EdTech Hub, 2021)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; ___working_potential_duplicate; _r:AddedByZotZen; _zenodoETH

Using EdTech in Settings of Fragility, Conflict and Violence: A Curated Resource List - Koomar, Saalim; Moss Coflan, Caitlin; Kaye, Tom (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This curated list of resources collates interventions that effectively deploy education technology in settings of fragility, conflict and violence (FCV). This list explores effective uses of EdTech in FCV settings, emphasising interventions and evidence relevant to the Yemeni context and distance learning during the Covid-19 crisis.
Keywords: C:Yemen; F: Helpdesk response; LP: English; W:Fragile and conflict affected contexts; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

Technology and Teacher Professional Development in Tanzania: Research instruments pack - Koomar, Saalim; Massam, Winston; Jacob, Winnie; Gervace, Anthony; Adam, Taskeen; Hennessy, Sara; Chachage, Kristeen; Malibiche, Mustafa; Mutura, Emmanuel; Mtenzi, Fredrick; Mwakabungu, Fika (EdTech Hub, 2023)
This pack contains links to research instruments developed by EdTech Hub, Aga Khan University, and Tanzania Institute of Education for a study investigating the impact of a national teacher professional development programme on primary-level learning outcomes. The tools have been developed iteratively, with substantive piloting having taken place, both in workshop settings and in schools. They draw on good practice examples, such as the World Bank’s TEACH tool for classroom observation and other research projects the team have worked on. We are making these tools available to other researchers and practitioners and hope that they will prove useful. They are provided in editable format so that others can modify them as they see fit.
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Teknolojia na maendeleo ya taaluma ya walimu nchini Tanzania: Zana za utafiti - Koomar, Saalim; Massam, Winston; Jacob, Winnie; Gervace, Anthony; Adam, Taskeen; Hennessy, Sara; Chacage, Kristeen; Malibiche, Mustafa; Mutura, Emmanuel; Mtenzi, Fredrick; Mwakabungu, Fika (EdTech Hub, 2023)
Kifurushi hiki kina zana za utafiti zilizotengenezwa na EdTech Hub, Aga Khan University, na Taasisi ya Elimu Tanzania kwa ajili ya utafiti unaochunguza athari za programu ya maendeleo ya kitaaluma ya walimu kwenye matokeo ya masomo ya ngazi ya msingi. Zana zimetengenezwa na kufanyiwa majaribio makubwa katika warsha, pamoja na shuleni. Zana hizi zimetengenezwa kwa kuzingatia mifano mizuri kama vile zana ya Benki ya Dunia ya TEACH ya uchunguzi wa darasani, pamoja na miradi mingine ya utafiti ambayo timu imefanyia kazi. Tunaweka zana hizi zipatikane kwa watafiti wengine na watendaji tukitumai kuwa zitakuwa za manufaa. Zana hizi zinapatikana kwa umbizo linaloweza kuhaririwa ili wengine waweze kuhariri inavyofaa kwao.
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

TCPD in Tanzania: Design-Based Implementation Research Cycle 1 Recommendations Policy Brief - Koomar, Saalim; Massam, Winston; Chachage, Kristeen; Anthony, Gervace; Mrope, Winifrida Jacob; Malibiche, Mustafa; Mutura, Emmanuel; Adam, Taskeen; Hennessy, Sara; Mtenzi, Frederick; Komba, Aneth; Mwakabungu, Fika; et al. (EdTech Hub, 2023)
MEWAKA (Mafunzo Endelevu kwa Walimu Kazini, or teacher continuous professional development [TCPD]) is a landmark teacher professional development programme being implemented by the Government of Tanzania. The research project, 'The Impact of a Tech-Supported, School-Based TPD Model on Learning Outcomes in Tanzania, using Design-Based Implementation Research (DBIR)', closely aligns with the Tanzania National TCPD implementation plan, to evaluate the implementation of MEWAKA at school level. This policy brief presents a summary of the key findings and recommendations from the first cycle of the DBIR carried out between September and December 2022. Keywords: TCPD; teacher professional development; design-based implementation research; primary education; tanzania; communities of learning An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

MEWAKA National Teacher Development Reform in Tanzania: Design-Based Implementation Research: Cycle 1 Findings - Koomar, Saalim; Massam, Winston; Chachage, Kristeen; Anthony, G.; Mrope, Winifrida Jacob; Malibiche, Mustafa; Mutura, Emmanuel; Adam, Taskeen; Hennessy, Sara; Mtenzi, Fred; Komba, Aneth; Mwakabungu, Fika; et al. (EdTech Hub, 2024)
MEWAKA (Mafunzo Endelevu kwa Walimu Kazini, or Teacher Continuous Professional Development [TCPD]) is a landmark, school-based teacher professional development programme being implemented nationally by the Government of Tanzania, with the ultimate aim of raising learning outcomes in schools. EdTech Hub, Aga Khan University, and the Tanzania Institute of Education (TIE) are conducting research to iteratively enhance the MEWAKA implementation at primary school level and to understand the role that technology can play in scaling TCPD. This report presents the findings and recommendations from the first cycle of design-based implementation research (DBIR) conducted in rural schools in the Lindi region. Following a pilot peer facilitator workshop, data was collected through observation and self-reporting methods between September and December 2022. The aims were to capture stakeholders' perspectives at all levels of the education system and to see how schools are implementing the programme on the ground. The emerging findings and recommendations are being used to inform the redesign and further implementation of this TCPD model, and were used to identify key areas to test and investigate in the second cycle of the DBIR in 2023. Keywords: teacher professional development; design-based implementation research; Tanzania; primary education An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

MEWAKA in Tanzania: Emerging findings on tech-supported teacher professional development - Koomar, Saalim; Massam, Winston; Anthony, Gervace; Mrope, Winifrida; Adam, Taskeen; Hennessy, Sara; Mtenzi, Fredrick; Proctor, Jamie; Komba, Aneth; Mwakabungu, Fika; Barretto, Johnpaul; Barretto, Saalim Koomar, Winston Massam, Gervace Anthony, Winifrida Mrope, Taskeen Adam, Sara Hennessy, Fredrick Mtenzi, Jamie Proctor, Aneth Komba, Fika Mwakabungu and Johnpaul (EdTech Hub, 2023)
MEWAKA (Mafunzo Endelevu kwa Walimu Kazini, or Teachers’ Continuous Professional Development (TCPD)) is a landmark teacher professional development programme being implemented by the Government of Tanzania. The programme is decentralised, with teacher learning based in schools and focused on semi-structured Communities of Learning (CoLs). CoLs are spaces where teachers can gather weekly to discuss and reflect on issues most relevant to their schools as well as learn and improve their pedagogical skills. Peer facilitators help teachers to collaboratively solve problems, learn new approaches to improve their practice, and generally create a culture of reflection and school improvement.

Open Education Resources in Africa: A Curated Resource List - Koomar, Saalim; Jull, Stephen (Zenodo, 2020)
This curated list defines open educational resources, offers background on open source licensing, and provides a review of OER relevant to the context of Ghana in response to an EdTech Hub helpdesk request. This document does not intend to set out a comprehensive list of OER used by teachers, students, parents or other stakeholders; rather, this document will identify exemplars of OER provided they are relevant to the Ghanaian context and focus on: reaching marginalised learners through offline or online content; reaching marginalised learners through mass media; using OER for teacher education; further useful resources and methods of implementing OER.

Open Educational Resources in Africa: A Curated Resource List - Koomar, Saalim; Jull, Stephen (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This curated list defines Open Rducational Resources (OER), offers background on open-source licensing, and provides a review of OER that can be used in the sub-Saharan African context.
Keywords: C: Ghana; F: Helpdesk response; H: Open resources; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; ___working_potential_duplicate; _cover:v3; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH

Reflections on technology, teaching, learning, and professional development: Findings from a teacher survey in Tanzania - Koomar, Saalim; Hennessy, Sara; Zubairi, Asma; Kindoli, Robert; Kreimeia, Adam (African Educational Research Journal, 2022)
This paper presents findings from a survey of 774 government school teachers across Tanzania over the period 2020-2021. The aims were to capture teachers' recent experiences concerning (1) access and use of technology; (2) any student learning losses observed, and teachers' recommendations to address lost learning; and (3) experiences and needs concerning teacher professional development (TPD). Key findings were (1) forty percent of teachers reported that their school lacked access to any form of technological device, with almost half stating they never used digital technologies for teaching and learning purposes. (2) Almost half of the teachers perceived that girls' learning suffered more than boys, and more than 60% of teachers believed learners from the financially poorest households suffered the greatest learning losses. (3) Teachers in Tanzania engaged in very little TPD and wanted increased support. The key differences across teacher groups were further examined by demographic factors, with notable differences apparent between urban and rural teachers, teachers with different levels of experience and different qualification levels. Recommendations are presented to stakeholders across the education ecosystem, including policymakers, school leaders, TPD designers, teachers, and researchers. The findings inform a national technology-mediated TPD programme in Tanzania.
Keywords: Access to Computers; Elementary School Teachers; Faculty Development; Foreign Countries; Gender Differences; Learning Processes; Pedagogical Content Knowledge; Poverty; Public School Teachers; Rural Urban Differences; Secondary School Teachers; Social Differences; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Characteristics; Teacher Qualifications; Teacher Surveys; Teaching Experience; Teaching Methods; Technological Literacy; Technology Integration; Technology Uses in Education; _r:AddedByZotZen

Using EdTech to Support Effective Data Monitoring: A Curated Resource List. - Koomar, Saalim; Blest, Harriet (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This list curates resources on the use of EdTech to support the effective monitoring of educational outcomes, such as learning, reporting, and attendance. Resources shared are both tools and initiatives that can be adapted to support effective educational monitoring.
Keywords: C:Mozambique; ES:Educational data; ES:Monitoring and evaluation; F: Helpdesk response; L:Low-level foundational skills; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; ___working_potential_duplicate; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; _zenodoETH:submitted

Effective Teacher Education in Low-Connectivity Settings: A Curated Resource List - Koomar, Saalim; Allier-Gagneur, Zoé; McBurnie, Chris (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This list curates resources — both tools and initiatives — that can be adapted to support teacher education in low-connectivity settings, a prevailing challenge in Madagascar. Each example identifies the challenges; necessary prerequisites; pros and cons and; costs and impact assessment data where possible.
Keywords: C:Madagascar; E:Pedagogy; E:Teacher education (pre-service and in-service); F: Helpdesk response; LP: English; W:Low connectivity and/or electricity; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; _zenodoETH:submitted; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

Design-Based Implementation Research Baseline Data Collection: Technical report - Koomar, Saalim; Adam, Taskeen; Massam, Winston Edward; Anthony, Gervace; Mrope, Winifrida Jacob; Mtenzi, Fredrick; Mwakabungu, Fika; Komba, Aneth; Hennessy, Sara; Barretto, Johnpaul (EdTech Hub, 2022)
This research study aims to investigate the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and sustainability of a tech-supported, decentralised, and school-based teacher continuous professional development (TCPD) model, to improve learning outcomes in rural Tanzanian primary schools. The research will test and iteratively improve the national TCPD model and roll-out (including the semi-structured Communities of Learning), as outlined in the Tanzanian National TCPD Implementation Plan (2021). We seek to understand the model’s effectiveness and the role that technology can play. The research team includes researchers from EdTech Hub, Aga Khan University, and the Tanzania Institute of Education. The study employs a Design-Based Implementation Research (DBIR) approach in the first phase and an experimental study in the second phase. Keywords: teacher professional development; EdTech; design-based implementation research; Tanzania; Community of Learning; school-based An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

How Can Participatory Methods Centre Teachers Within Education Policy? - Koomar, Saalim (EdTech Hub, 2024)
This Learning Brief is part of the EdTech Hub Learning Brief Series, providing practical resources for people working to improve the use of technology in education. In this brief, we look at the potential for participatory methods to bring teachers closer to the decision-making table. Insights from those closest to the work shed light on the daily contextual realities that can determine the mechanisms for optimal success or failure of a programme. However, these voices are often neglected in the design, implementation, and evaluation of interventions. We examine why and how teachers can have a voice and a space to share their wisdom to inform and improve education policy. We draw on EdTech Hub's work across various low- and middle-income contexts to offer practical insights when using or planning to use participatory methods. We share details of some of the most significant findings and engaging lessons EdTech Hub has learnt about the methods used and how they have contributed to ensuring teachers’ voices are heard at the policymaking level. We also explore areas that require further research, noting five issues that we at EdTech Hub are still grappling with in our own work, and include lists of resources relevant to participatory methods for centring teachers in education policy. Keywords: teacher; participatory methods; action research; implementation research; teacher professional development; education policy An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence; _r:AddedByZotZen

What is 'Nudging' and How Does it Change Behaviour in Education? - Koomar, Saalim (EdTech Hub, 2024)
This Learning Brief is part of the EdTech Hub Learning Brief Series, providing practical resources for people working to improve the use of technology in education. In this brief, we look at the behaviour change strategy of leveraging concise messages at strategic decision points (i.e., ‘nudging’) to influence the behaviour of a recipient towards a desired outcome. We focus on EdTech Hub’s work concerning nudge messaging. It builds on work from messaging interventions in Ghana and Kenya, linking these to the broader literature on the topic. It emphasises that although there is a strong and growing evidence base for nudge technologies, effective implementation remains dependent upon context-specific adaptation. It is not inevitable that nudge messaging interventions will lead to positive outcomes — indeed, outcomes are often mixed. It is therefore vital to understand the specific impacts of interventions on particular groups of recipients. We present findings and recommendations that should inform how nudging technologies in education are approached and what decision-makers need to consider in order to ensure uptake and minimise risks. Lastly, we explore areas that require further research, namely, the changing nature of nudging due to artificial intelligence, the safeguarding risks of nudging, persisting questions about cost-effectiveness, and how nudging can more specifically target learning. Keywords: Behavioural psychology; EdTech; education; messaging; nudging; participation An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Decolonising Educational Technology - Koole, Marguerite; Smith, Matt; Traxler, John; Adam, Taskeen; Footring, Shri (Education Sciences, 2024)
Educational technology (EdTech) has become commonplace in modern educational practice [...]
Keywords: n/a

Artificial Intelligence for Education in Bangladesh: Insights from the First Small-Scale Artificial Intelligence Needs Assessment and Training for Primary Education Teachers - Kong, Byeongjo; Li, Zhigang; Ratner, Sara; University of Oxford; Hemberg, Erik; AnyScale Learning For All; Haque, A. K. M. Shamsul (Asian Development Bank, 2024)
Bangladesh, with one of the largest education systems in the world, has started to lay the foundation for reskilling its youth in preparation for an automated world of work. The country has thus looked to using artificial intelligence (AI) in the education sector, recognizing its promise to transform the teaching–learning landscape while acknowledging the challenges inherent in its adoption. This paper presents results of an AI needs assessment survey and training workshop conducted among primary education teachers from 2023 to 2024, to gather opinions on pedagogies that could benefit from AI-enabled automation, as well as understand respondents’ perceptions of integrating AI and automation into their teaching tasks.

Towards Improving the Accessibility and Usability of a Mobile-based Learning Management System for Blind Primary School Teachers - Kondoro, Aron; Maro, Salome; Mtebe, Joel; Proctor, Jamie; Komba, Aneth; Haßler, Björn (2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa), 2023)

Usability Testing of a Mobile-based Learning Management System for Teacher Continuous Professional Development in Tanzania - Kondoro, Aron; Maro, Salome; Mtebe, Joel; Haßler, Björn; Proctor, Jamie; EdTech Hub (The International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, 2023)
The last two decades have seen the growing adoption of mobile devices to enhance the quality of teachers' continuous professional development (TCPD) in low-income countries. Using mobile devices, typically not designed for educational use, presents new usability challenges, preventing teachers from effectively accessing learning materials in learning management systems (LMS). Therefore, it is important to test usability to improve the delivery of TCPD via mobile devices. This study evaluated the usability of TCPD-focused mobile-based LMS accessed via a mobile web browser and mobile app. The evaluation used a hybrid think-aloud method involving 63 teachers from 12 schools in Tanzania. Half of the schools were evaluated using a concurrent think-aloud method, and the other half using a retrospective think-aloud method. The study found that teachers encountered many usability problems in using the mobile app compared to those who accessed the LMS via mobile web browsers. The study also found usability flaws in the registration and login process, poor language translation, technical errors, and issues with quiz questions. These findings show the importance of user testing, even for well-developed LMS, such as Moodle. Additionally, this work provides useful guidance for those who want to implement mobile learning via an LMS in low-income countries.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Sierra Leone joins Elon Musk's Starlink satellite service - Komminoth, Leo (African Business, 2023)
The country now joins Nigeria, Mozambique, Rwanda, and Mauritius as African nations connected to Elon Musk's Starlink.

Teacher Professional Development in Tanzania: Challenges and Opportunities - Komba, Sotco Claudius; Mwakabenga, Rehema Japhet (Educational Leadership, 2019)
This chapter is about teacher professional development in Tanzania. The authors have examined the current status of teacher professional development in Tanzania, focusing on predominant perspectives on the concept and provision modalities. In addition, the authors have identified challenges facing teacher professional development in Tanzania, most of which seem to be systemic. The challenges include lack of explicit policy and guidelines for teacher professional development, limited knowledge on teacher professional development among teacher professional development stakeholders, predominance of traditional approach to teacher professional development, and ineffective organization of teacher professional development activities. It is, thus, concluded that a number of opportunities are available for effective teacher professional development in Tanzania. These include strengthening the available institutions responsible for teacher professional development, making use of different teacher professional development providers available in the country to promote professional development activities for teachers through a harmonized scheme and capitalizing on the use of different communication networks and the national optic fiber to promote self-directed teacher professional development.
Keywords: _Tanzania; _final_bib

Communicating with children: principles and practices to nurture, inspire, excite, educate and heal - Kolucki, Barbara; Lemish, Dafna (UNICEF, 2011)

Using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model to Predict Students' Behavioral Intention to Adopt and Use E-Counseling in Ghana - Kolog, Emmanuel Awuni; Sutinen, Erkki; Vanhalakka-Ruoho, Marjatta; Suhonen, Jarkko; Anohah, Ebenezer (International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science, 2015)
The urge to progressively motivate e-counseling in schools is somewhat dependent on students' behavioral intention towards the use of counseling technologies. This paper presents an empirical approach of using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model to ascertain students' behavioral intention to adopt and use e-counseling in Ghana. Questionnaires were used to collect data from two hundred and fifty (N=250) randomly selected students from Ghana. Cronbach alpha (α) was first employed to validate and ascertain the reliability of the data. Subsequently, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) was performed in analysing the data. After that, a follow-up interview was conducted to explore the variance in our findings from the collected data through the questionnaires. In the end, the reliability of the test items contained in the questionnaire yielded strongly at 87.6 %. Also, whereas the outcome of the research suggests Performance Expectancy (PE) (B = .511 , p= .000) and Social Influence (SI) (B = .165 p = .001) as the influencing constructs (factors) towards students' behavioral intention to adopt and use e-counseling, Facilitation Condition (FC) (B= .014, p= .723) and Effort Expectancy (EE) (B= .086 p= .080) had no significant effect on the behavioral intention of students to adopt and use e-counseling in Ghana.
Keywords: Counseling; E-Counseling; ICT; Unified Theory of Acceptance; Use of Technology (UTAUT)

E-counselling implementation: Students' life stories and counselling technologies in perspective - Kolog, Emmanuel Awuni; Sutinen, Erkki; Vanhalakka-Ruoho, Marjatta (International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, 2014)
Given the current global trend of mimicking real life situations into digital counselling games and its related digital counselling platforms, we decided to contextually understand from the Ghanaian senior high school students, their life challenges arising from their life stories. The study also explores the extent to which ICT is currently being used to provide counselling services to students. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data from selected students and a school counsellor. The selected students were made to write about their life stories subjectively. The content of the data was analyzed. After that, students' financial status was identified as the main challenge to their academic pursuit, though several other difficulties were revealed in the study. The study also showed that students had little knowledge about the use of ICT in counselling and only used email as the only digital tool for counselling delivery. The purpose of the study is to use the findings as a basis to develop a digital counselling game in our next study. Again, the study is intended to serve as a guide for researchers when designing a digital counselling platforms for senior high schools.
Keywords: Addictive behaviors; Behavior; Careers; Computers; Counseling; Design; Drug abuse; Education; Internet; Problems; Schools; Secondary schools; Society; Students; ⛔ No DOI found

Kolibri : A Free, Open Source Education for All | Learning Equality - Kolibri (2020)

Universities to reopen in mid-June to final-year students - Kokutse, F. (2020)

Snapshots of student-teachers' experiences of DVDs in a learner support programme in a developing ODL context - Kok, Illasha; Blignaut, A. Seugnet (Africa Education Review, 2014)
The School of Continuing Teacher Education (SCTE) in South Africa delivers an Advanced Certificate in Education (ACE) Learner Support Programme to Open Distance Learning (ODL) students in Namibia, a developing sub-Saharan African country. This paper examines the experiences of student-teachers using DVDs included in the tutorial package. Fifteen participants from rural and remote areas of Namibia took part in a semi-structured focus group and individual interviews. A first phase analysis identified a set of codes and categories that guided the researchers to two themes to using DVDs: frustration and attitude. Student-teachers' frustration and attitude towards DVDs are linked to sufficient appropriate information, also available as a paper-based tutorial package. Although electronic learning material can assist in achieving curriculum goals and enrich students' learning experiences, students' expectations are paramount in the design and development of instructional DVDs.
Keywords: Adult Education; Case Studies; College Students; Computer Uses in Education; Continuing Education; Developing Nations; Distance Education; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Electronic Learning; Focus Groups; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Inservice Teacher Education; Namibia; Open Education; Postsecondary Education; Qualitative Research; Semi Structured Interviews; South Africa; Student Attitudes; Student Experience; Teachers; Video Technology; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2096343; __finaldtb

Snapshots of student-teachers' experiences of DVDs in a learner support programme in a developing ODL context - Kok, Illasha; Blignaut, A. Seugnet (Africa Education Review, 2014)

Snapshots of student-teachers' experiences of DVDs in a learner support programme in a developing ODL context - Kok, Illasha; Blignaut, A. Seugnet (Africa Education Review, 2014)
The School of Continuing Teacher Education (SCTE) in South Africa delivers an Advanced Certificate in Education (ACE) Learner Support Programme to Open Distance Learning (ODL) students in Namibia, a developing sub-Saharan African country. This paper examines the experiences of student-teachers using DVDs included in the tutorial package. Fifteen participants from rural and remote areas of Namibia took part in a semi-structured focus group and individual interviews. A first phase analysis identified a set of codes and categories that guided the researchers to two themes to using DVDs: frustration and attitude. Student-teachers' frustration and attitude towards DVDs are linked to sufficient appropriate information, also available as a paper-based tutorial package. Although electronic learning material can assist in achieving curriculum goals and enrich students' learning experiences, students' expectations are paramount in the design and development of instructional DVDs.
Keywords: Adult Education; Case Studies; College Students; Computer Uses in Education; Continuing Education; Developing Nations; Distance Education; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Electronic Learning; Focus Groups; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Inservice Teacher Education; Namibia; Open Education; Postsecondary Education; Qualitative Research; Semi Structured Interviews; South Africa; Student Attitudes; Student Experience; Teachers; Video Technology; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2096343; __finaldtb

Snapshots of student-teachers' experiences of DVDs in a learner support programme in a developing ODL context - Kok, Illasha; Blignaut, A. Seugnet (Africa Education Review, 2014)

Using a Participatory Approach to Create SEL Programming: The Case of Ahlan Simsim - Kohn, Shanna; Foulds, Kim; Cole, Charlotte; Matthews, Mackenzie; Hussein, Laila (Journal on Education in Emergencies, 2021)
This paper highlights the use of a participatory, trauma-informed approach in the creation of Ahlan Simsim, a Sesame Street television program for the Middle East, and asserts the importance of using a participatory approach to designing culturally relevant social and emotional learning (SEL) content. Ahlan Simsim is a component of a larger initiative of the same name, which was created by Sesame Workshop and the International Rescue Committee and funded by the MacArthur and LEGO foundations. This program brings early learning and nurturing care to children and families affected by the Syrian crisis through a combination of mass media and direct service programming. In this article, we present a review of the research and consultations Sesame Workshop conducted with local communities and local child-development experts in Iraq, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon from August to November 2018. Sesame Workshop’s aim was to identify and refine the television program’s focus area and to create locally relevant, trauma-informed content that draws from SEL strategies that resonate most and have the greatest impact with audiences in the Syrian response region. We argue that, for SEL programming to achieve maximum impact, it is critical that program designers develop socialemotional frameworks for children from the ground up by working with local caregivers and practitioners.

Online tools supporting the conduct and reporting of systematic reviews and systematic maps: a case study on CADIMA and review of existing tools - Kohl, Christian; McIntosh, Emma J.; Unger, Stefan; Haddaway, Neal R.; Kecke, Steffen; Schiemann, Joachim; Wilhelm, Ralf (Environmental Evidence, 2018)
Systematic reviews and systematic maps represent powerful tools to identify, collect, evaluate and summarise primary research pertinent to a specific research question or topic in a highly standardised and reproducible manner. Even though they are seen as the “gold standard” when synthesising primary research, systematic reviews and maps are typically resource-intensive and complex activities. Thus, managing the conduct and reporting of such reviews can become a time consuming and challenging task. This paper introduces the open access online tool CADIMA, which was developed through a collaboration between the Julius Kühn-Institut and the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence, in order to increase the efficiency of the evidence synthesis process and facilitate reporting of all activities to maximise methodological rigour. Furthermore, we analyse how CADIMA compares with other available tools by providing a comprehensive summary of existing software designed for the purposes of systematic review management. We show that CADIMA is the only available open access tool that is designed to: (1) assist throughout the systematic review/map process; (2) be suited to reviews broader than medical sciences; (3) allow for offline data extraction; and, (4) support working as a review team.
Keywords: Evidence synthesis; Managing systems; Rapid review; Review management; Systematic review software; Text mining; Time management; _Added-ailr-2024

Shifting online during COVID-19: A systematic review of teaching and learning strategies and their outcomes - Koh, Joyce Hwee Ling; Daniel, Ben Kei (International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 2022)
This systematic literature review of 36 peer-reviewed empirical articles outlines eight strategies used by higher education lecturers and students to maintain educational continuity during the COVID-19 pandemic since January 2020. The findings show that students’ online access and positive coping strategies could not eradicate their infrastructure and home environment challenges. Lecturers’ learning access equity strategies made learning resources available asynchronously, but having access did not imply that students could effectively self-direct learning. Lecturers designed classroom replication, online practical skills training, online assessment integrity, and student engagement strategies to boost online learning quality, but students who used ineffective online participation strategies had poor engagement. These findings indicate that lecturers and students need to develop more dexterity for adapting and manoeuvring their online strategies across different online teaching and learning modalities. How these online competencies could be developed in higher education are discussed.
Keywords: COVID-19; E-learning; Emergency response teaching; Online dexterity; Online learning; Online pedagogy

Les langues maternelles africaines et/ou ivoiriennes ont-elles des limitespédagogiques ou d’apprentissage–enseignement? - Koffi, Konan Thomas (ANADISS, 2016)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Paradigm Shift in Language Planning and Policy: Game-Theoretic Solutions - Koffi, Ettien (DE GRUYTER, 2012)

Developing Pedagogical Abilities in Students through Introducing Modern Forms and Methods of Education in the Mother Tongue Teaching Process - Kochkorbaevna, Kurbanova Bakhtikhon; Hilola, Isaqova (International Journal of Culture and Modernity, 2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Effects of Computer-Assisted Instruction designed according to 7E Model of Constructivist Learning on Physics Student Teachers' Achievement, Concept Learning, Self-Efficacy Perceptions and Attitudes - Kocakaya, S; Gonen, Selahattin (Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education-TOJDE, 2010)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Text mining in organizational research - Kobayashi, V.B.; Mol, S.T.; Berkers, H.A. (Organizational Research Methods, 2017)
Keywords: _Added-ailr-2024

Health status of children with Down syndrome in Myanmar - Ko, Khine Mi Mi; Linn, Kyaw; Aye, Aye Mya Min; Saw, Mon Thander; Aung, Pyae Phyo (BMJ Paediatrics Open, 2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

The Limitations of Access Alone: moving towards open processes in education technology - Knox, Jeremy (OpenPraxis, 2013)
Keywords: C:International

The equalizing effect of teacher dashboards on feedback in K–12 classrooms - Knoop-van Campen, Carolien A. N.; Wise, Alyssa; Molenaar, Inge (Interactive Learning Environments, 2023)
Teacher dashboards provide real-time information about students’ performance and progress, which help K-12 teachers to adjust feedback to student’ specific needs during learning. Prior research indicated two problems with respect to how teachers provide feedback: (i) teachers do not always select the most effective feedback to support student’ learning and (ii) feedback is not allocated equally to students with different abilities. Specifically, process feedback is considered most effective yet is relatively scarce. In order to understand how dashboards influence the type and allocation of feedback, we compared characteristics of feedback given after dashboard consultation (dashboard-prompted feedback) to feedback triggered by teachers themselves or in response to students’ questions (human-prompted feedback) in thirty-five K-12 classrooms. Results showed that dashboards led to equal amounts of task and process feedback, while human-prompts led to much more task than process feedback and this difference was especially large for low-ability students. Hence the different types of dashboard-prompted feedback were more equally distributed among students of different ability levels. These results indicate that dashboards can have an important equalizing effect on teacher feedback practices.
Keywords: K-12; Teacher dashboards; ability levels; adaptive learning technology; feedback; learning analytics

Policy networks - Knoke, David (The SAGE handbook of social network analysis, 2011)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The impact of a science education game on students’ learning and perception of inhalants as body pollutants - Klisch, Yvonne; Miller, Leslie M.; Wang, Shu; Epstein, Joel (Journal of Science Education and Technology, 2012)

Multilingualism in Timor-Leste - Klinken, Catharina Williams-van; Lucas, Olinda (2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found; ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Mother-tongue education in South Africa: the weight of history - Klerk, Gerda de (2002)

Developing a Proof-of-Concept Selection Test for Entry into Primary Teacher Education Programs - Klassen, Robert; Durksen, Tracy L.; Kim, Lisa; Patterson, Fiona; Rowett, Emma; Warwick, Jane; Warwick, Paul; Wolpert, Mary (International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education, 2016)
The purpose of this article is to report on the development of a proof-ofconcept situational judgment test (SJT) to assist in the selection of candidates for primary teacher education (ITE) programs. Nine development steps involving practising teachers, teacher educators, and applicants to ITE programs were carried out to establish target attributes and to develop content for the test. The results from administering the test to 124 primary ITE candidates showed a near-normal distribution, high levels of reliability, and significant positive correlations with a range of concurrently administered interview scores. We conclude with a description of the necessary next steps needed to implement evidencesupported teacher education selection processes in a range of international settings.

Growth Mindset Predicts Student Achievement and Behavior in Mobile Learning - Kizilcec, René F.; Goldfarb, Daniel (L@S '19: Sixth (2019) ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale, 2019)
Students’ personal qualities other than cognitive ability are known to influence persistence and achievement in formal learning environments, but the extent of their influence in digital learning environments is unclear. This research investigates non-cognitive factors in mobile learning in a resourcepoor context. We surveyed 1,000 Kenyan high school students who use a popular SMS-based learning platform that provides formative assessments aligned with the national curriculum. Combining survey responses with platform interaction logs, we find growth mindset to be one of the strongest predictors of assessment scores. We investigate theory-based behavioral mechanisms to explain this relationship. Although students who hold a growth mindset are not more likely to persist after facing adversity, they spend more time on each assessment, increasing their likelihood of answering correctly. Results suggest that cultivating a growth mindset can motivate students in a resource-poor context to excel in a mobile learning environment.

Teaching students with visual impairment - Kızılaslan, Aydın (Progress in Education, 2020)
Concept of disability is defined as incapacity to do something and limited capacity in behaving in a certain way. There are two definitions of visual impairment, namely legal and educational. Legal definition is related with the concepts of visual acuity and visual field. Visual acuity is the ability to see the objects from a certain distance and to distinguish the details. Different sizes of letters, numbers and symbols can be read and measured from a distance of 6.10 meters (20 feet) in general. Visual filed is described as a field seen without turning head and moving eyes. Individuals who have one tenth or less of the visual acuity in their eye with good sight or individuals with less than 20 degrees of visual field after all corrections are accepted to have visual impairment (total). Educational definition of it refers to individuals who have severe visual acuity loss and who need to continue their education by Braille writing with touching and reading and by using talking books. Furthermore, concept of limited sight is related with individuals who have not severe visual impairment but who cannot read normal writings and require writings with large font sizes and some tools (magnifier, etc.). Individuals with limited sight use primary learning tools and complete their knowledge acquired by means of their eyesight with their touch and hearing senses. In this chapter, general and developmental characteristics of students with visual impairment have been described and then information of educational process of students with visual impairment has been presented.
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Tanzania 2017 field testing report: Can out-of-school children make learning gains with Kitkit School? - Kitkit School (Kitkit School, 2017)

Systematic literature reviews in software engineering -- a systematic literature review - Kitchenham, Barbara; Pearl Brereton, O.; Budgen, David; Turner, Mark; Bailey, John; Linkman, Stephen (Information and Software Technology, 2009)
Background: In 2004 the concept of evidence-based software engineering (EBSE) was introduced at the ICSE04 conference. Aims: This study assesses the impact of systematic literature reviews (SLRs) which are the recommended EBSE method for aggregating evidence. Method: We used the standard systematic literature review method employing a manual search of 10 journals and 4 conference proceedings. Results: Of 20 relevant studies, eight addressed research trends rather than technique evaluation. Seven SLRs addressed cost estimation. The quality of SLRs was fair with only three scoring less than 2 out of 4. Conclusions: Currently, the topic areas covered by SLRs are limited. European researchers, particularly those at the Simula Laboratory appear to be the leading exponents of systematic literature reviews. The series of cost estimation SLRs demonstrate the potential value of EBSE for synthesising evidence and making it available to practitioners.

Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering - Kitchenham, BA; Charters, S (EBSE Technical Report, 2007)

Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering - Kitchenham, B; Charters, S (Technical report, EBSE Technical Report EBSE-2007-01, 2007)
Keywords: -FullBiblioUHMLgen; -GeneralCitations; -missingHU; P:Methods; Reviewed; publicImportV1

Procedures for Undertaking Systematic Reviews - Kitchenham, B (2004)

The influence of emergency remote teaching on K-12 world language instruction - Kissau, Scott; Davin, Kristin; Ade-Thurow, Benjamin; Haudeck, Helga; Price, Laura (NECTFL Review, 2024)
The abrupt shift to online instruction that occurred in spring 2020, often referred to as emergency remote teaching (ERT), caught many world language educators off guard. To prepare for future disruptions to face-to-face learning and illustrate promising online teaching practices that emerged during this extended period of time that could serve to expand and enhance world language instruction, it is important to understand how ERT influenced K-12 world language programs around the world. To help the world language teaching community better understand how ERT influenced world language instruction, a team of researchers collected interview data from world language teachers and students in the United States and Germany. Results confirmed that instruction was negatively impacted by the sudden shift to online formats, explained how and why instruction was influenced, and identified promising practices exhibited by teachers to mitigate the negative impact of ERT. World language teachers, stakeholders, and school leaders may wish to consider the results of this study to lessen the impact of future disruptions to on campus learning and to enhance the growing presence of online learning in schools.
Keywords: Best Practices; COVID-19; Cross Cultural Studies; Distance Education; Educational Change; Educational Practices; Elementary Secondary Education; Foreign Countries; Kindergarten; Language Teachers; Pandemics; Second Language Instruction; Second Language Learning; Teacher Attitudes; ⛔ No DOI found

What digital skills do adults need to succeed in the workplace now and in the next 10 years? - Kispeter, Erika (Warwick Institute for Employment Research University of Warwick, 2018)

Integration of ICT in Education in a Secondary School in Kenya: A Case Study - Kisirkoi, Florence (Literacy Information and Computer Education Journal, 2015)
Amidst reports that there was very little integration of Communication Information Technology (ICT) in curriculum delivery in many secondary schools in Kenya, it was reported that one secondary school was using ICT in instruction and practicing learner centered instructional approaches and there was improved learning outcomes. The school’s mean score in the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education had improved from 6.2 to 8.4 between 2007 and 2013. This study teacher computer literacy levels, motivation for integration, perceived reason for the intervention and the impact on teaching and learning. A case study was conducted and observation and interview schedules were used to collect data. The study population was the 535 students and the 28 teachers in the school. Simple random sampling was used to sample 30 students and 18 teachers. It was established that the students and teachers were computer literate and were able to manage computer applications for teaching and learning. The Learning process was found to be practical with learner interactions and activities based learning. The motivation was desire to teach better coupled with visionary, supportive school leadership. The school was using ICT as teaching learning tool and there was improvement of learning environment and outcomes. Many schools ought to emulate the school.

Using technology to facilitate educational attainment: Reviewing the past and looking to the future - Kishore, Diwakar; Shah, Dhwani (Pathways for Prosperity Commission Background Paper Series, 2019)
Keywords: Potential Usefulness: H; ⛔ No DOI found

Report of Case Studies on Responses to the Covid-19 Pandemic in Africa’s Educational Systems - Kiru, Elisheba; Ochieng, Vollan; Wawire, Brenda; Habiamana, Oliver; Ngware, Moses (APHRC, 2023)
This report presents case studies from seven African countries (i.e., Burkina Faso, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Niger, and Nigeria) that implemented programs and innovations in response to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the education systems. The report provides insights into building resilience within Africa’s education systems for the future. The case studies fill existing knowledge gaps on promising practices and add value to discussions on the contextual drivers that facilitated the implementation of the interventions, including active government involvement in mobilizing and supporting the initiatives. The programs include the PRONAE national school feeding program in Mozambique, the online teacher professional development program in Kenya, teacher training in Niger, back-to-school campaigns in Malawi, basic education training in internally displaced camps in Burkina Faso and Niger, and initiatives addressing sexual and gender-based violence in Mali. The case studies also seek to examine the extent to which the interventions addressed gender, equity, and inclusion. For the Global Partnership for Education (GPE) partner countries, these case studies provide valuable information regarding the operations of education systems and the well-being of learners.

Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 - Kirkpatrick, Andrew; O Connor, Joshue; Campbell, Alastair; Cooper, Michael (W3C, 2018)

The Relationship between Teachers' Attitudes to Distance Education and Their Life Satisfaction - Kirkiç, Kamil Arif; Yahsi, Ömer (Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 2021)
Teachers' attitudes toward distance education are important in terms of the effectiveness of the distance education process. They become even more critical during this time of global pandemics when face-to-face education has been compulsorily replaced by distance education. The worldwide coronavirus pandemic has changed the practices of the teaching profession. This period has revealed how teachers' life satisfaction while carrying out their profession can be affected by changes in education delivery. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between teachers' attitudes toward distance education and their life satisfaction during the distance education process. This research used the correlational survey method, a method in quantitative research. The sample group consisted of teachers (1,233 male and 3,671 female educators) working in different branches in Izmir. The "Life Satisfaction Scale" and "Attitude toward Distance Education Scale" were applied. Participants' demographic information was obtained using a "Personal Information Form" designed by the researchers. According to the results of the study, while there is a notable difference in teachers' limitations toward distance education and life satisfaction according to gender, there is no difference in the advantages gained from and attitudes toward distance education.
Keywords: COVID-19; Correlation; Distance Education; Educational Attainment; Elementary School Teachers; Foreign Countries; Gender Differences; Income; Instructional Effectiveness; Knowledge Level; Life Satisfaction; Pandemics; Secondary School Teachers; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Characteristics; ⛔ No DOI found

Translation through text: How Nowall can help refugees overcome the language barrier - Kirk, Joanna (Techfugees, 2016)

Building back better: post-earthquake responses and educational challenges in Pakistan - Kirk, Jackie (UNESCO, 2008)

Impact of Information Communication Technology on Education-Kenya - Kirimi, Kagwiria Josephine (undefined, 2013)
Kenya has made remarkable progress putting in place an ICT policy framework and implementation strategy, complete with measurable outcomes and time frames. The process has had the benefit of sound advice from officials and stakeholders and, perhaps more importantly, strong leadership from the office of the permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Education. However, universal implementation is challenging given the lack of resources, national ICT infrastructure, and even electrical supply- particularly in the rural areas. As technology is bound to rule our present and future, it is good to obtain know-how of the technological reforms at the earliest. Children learn faster and can adapt to changes relatively easily. If they are trained during their school years, they have a high chance of becoming experts in technology. Computers can give lovelier explanations to various subjects. The internet is an ocean of information which can be harnessed for the rendition of information in school. The inclusion of technology in the learning process makes learning an enjoyable activity, thus inviting greater interest from the learners. The administration processes, the official procedures of the school can be simplified by the means of technology. School records, the information about all the students and the teachers and other school employees can efficiently be maintained by means of the advanced technology. Thus we see that technology not only benefits the school students but also eases the office work. It makes possible a more effective way of storage and distribution of information. The realization of the importance of technology in schools and its successful implementation is a necessity. The introduction of technology in schools is the means to bridge the long distance between the present and the future. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n1p435
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Impact of Information Communication Technology on Education-Kenya - Kirimi, Josephine (Journal of Educational and Social Research, 2014)
Kenya has made remarkable progress putting in place an ICT policy framework and implementation strategy, complete with measurable outcomes and time frames. The process has had the benefit of sound advice from officials and stakeholders and, perhaps more importantly, strong leadership from the office of the permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Education. However, universal implementation is challenging given the lack of resources, national ICT infrastructure, and even electrical supply- particularly in the rural areas. As technology is bound to rule our present and future, it is good to obtain know-how of the technological reforms at the earliest. Children learn faster and can adapt to changes relatively easily. If they are trained during their school years, they have a high chance of becoming experts in technology. Computers can give lovelier explanations to various subjects. The internet is an ocean of information which can be harnessed for the rendition of information in school. The inclusion of technology in the learning process makes learning an enjoyable activity, thus inviting greater interest from the learners. The administration processes, the official procedures of the school can be simplified by the means of technology. School records, the information about all the students and the teachers and other school employees can efficiently be maintained by means of the advanced technology. Thus we see that technology not only benefits the school students but also eases the office work. It makes possible a more effective way of storage and distribution of information. The realization of the importance of technology in schools and its successful implementation is a necessity. The introduction of technology in schools is the means to bridge the long distance between the present and the future. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n1p435

Accessibility and Utilization of ICTs Among Secondary School Teachers in Kenya - Kiptalam, GK; Rodrigues, AJ (2010)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Internet Utilization: A Case of Connected Rural and Urban Secondary Schools in Kenya - Kiptalam, George Kibet; Rodrigues, Anthony Joachim (2013)
This paper looks at the utilization of the Internet among teachers and students in connected rural and urban secondary schools in Kenya. A conceptual framework composed of variables which can explain Internet utilization in Kenyan secondary schools is established and measured. Instruments based on this framework were used in the survey and covered 11 schools with school principals, teachers and students as respondents. Findings show that use of the Internet and its integration in teaching and learning in secondary education is increasing with its use more pervasive among students and teachers as a means of communication and for information searching. Internet access rates for teachers and students have been observed to be much higher in educational institutions that have made effective ICT investments in education, translating into better utilization of ICT related technologies. Strategies are suggested on how to utilize the Internet to improve educational outcomes, and recommendations given on issues that touch on ICT access and infrastructure; human resources and training; policy environment; financing and ICT investment; curriculum development and locally relevant content
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Challenges Facing Adoption of Information Communication Technology (ICT) In Educational Management in Schools in Kenya - Kipsoi, Emmy; Chang'ach, Dr; Sang C, Hellen (Journal of Sociological Research, 2012)
ICT has contributed greatly to educational management in schools globally (Zhao and Frank, 2003). However, in Kenya schools hardly use ICTs to manage the quality of output, or to raise teacher productivity, or to reduce costs through analyzing spending. This is attributed to a myriad of challenges facing most schools in Kenya with regard to adoption of ICTs in educational management. This has resulted to a slow rate of adoption of technology despite its promise and potential for use in educational management in schools. As such, this paper analyses the lethargy that has surrounded education management in schools with respect to acquisition of Information Communication Technology. Education and training sector has a major role to play in the implementation of the proposed ICT policy. First, the sector itself is a major user of ICT, not only in education, training and research but also in the management of the sector. The paper argues that ICT policies must be dynamic, cost-effective, adaptable, and differentiated between sectors and between the various segments of educational management in order to contribute effectively to education management. The recommendations of this paper provide a basis for the urgent need for the integration of ICTs in educational management in schools in Kenya.

Accelerated Education Programme Youth Education Programme: NRC Education Scale-up and Quality Fund, EdTech for Rapid Response in Acute Emergencies Project - Kipruto, Amos; Denny, Kathleen (Norwegian Refugee Council, 2019)

Low-cost, familiar tech for teacher support: Evidence from a SMS campaign for early grade teachers in Malawi - Kipp, S (2017)

Promoting gender equality in education in Kenya: A case for innovative programmes to bridge the divide - Kinyanjui, Joyce (Buwa, 2016)
This issue of BUWA explores these questions and provides space for African women and men to define the kind of education that can meet SDG goals. Articles in the issue assess the existing policy frameworks and the officially stated drivers which are shaping them as well as those which are not stated. The various tested and emerging untested models for delivering quality education for women and girls on the continent are considered, as well as key questions around innovative, robust financing models and challenges for education. The main focus here is the extent to which the provision of quality education has to be fully catered to through domestic finances and resources – both for sustainability and ownership purposes.
Keywords: Equity through Access; ⛔ No DOI found; ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

First Principles: Community Engagement in Education Programs Compendium - Kintz, Ginny (2011)

Blended learning effectiveness: the relationship between student characteristics, design features and outcomes - Kintu, Mugenyi Justice; Zhu, Chang; Kagambe, Edmond (International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 2017)
This paper investigates the effectiveness of a blended learning environment through analyzing the relationship between student characteristics/background, design features and learning outcomes. It is aimed at determining the significant predictors of blended learning effectiveness taking student characteristics/background and design features as independent variables and learning outcomes as dependent variables. A survey was administered to 238 respondents to gather data on student characteristics/background, design features and learning outcomes. The final semester evaluation results were used as a measure for performance as an outcome. We applied the online self regulatory learning questionnaire for data on learner self regulation, the intrinsic motivation inventory for data on intrinsic motivation and other self-developed instruments for measuring the other constructs. Multiple regression analysis results showed that blended learning design features (technology quality, online tools and face-to-face support) and student characteristics (attitudes and self-regulation) predicted student satisfaction as an outcome. The results indicate that some of the student characteristics/backgrounds and design features are significant predictors for student learning outcomes in blended learning.

Factors Affecting Adoption of E-Learning Technology in Kenya - Kingori, Rhoda Mbithe (United States International University - Africa, 2018)
Internet penetration in Africa has been accelerated, with Kenya at the fore front at over 89.5% penetration, this penetration has led to an increase in knowledge repository for Kenyans to choose from and as a result E-learning has steadily increased not only in tertiary institutions but in informal learning as well. Facebook and YouTube are some of the web based tools, – that are listed as having potential applications for teaching and learning. As a result, it is essential to understand the challenges faced in the adoption of e-learning technology. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting adoption of e-learning technology in Kenya with a focus on three key factors, self-efficacy, objective usability and system accessibility. This study used explanatory/hypothesis research design to investigate the factors which affect adoption of e-learning technology in Kenya. An explanatory research design was fit to the study because it will helped to ascertain not only the relationship between the different variables, but measure the effect and strength of each independent variable on the dependent variable which was the technology adoption. The target population was social media (Facebook) users in Kenya. According to Internet World Statistics there are over 6.2 million Facebook subscribers in Kenya as of June 2017. This study focused on 200 social media users in Nairobi who were interested in e-learning or have ever learned online. They were sampled by geographic cluster, simple random sampling technique with a focus on Nairobi. Online questionnaire was used by Google form and 93% responded. In the first objective of self-efficacy, the correlation result revealed positive correlation between perceived ease of use with self-efficacy (r=0.441, p<0.05) and perceived usefulness with self-efficacy(r=0.337, p<0.05). On the CFA, there was a strong model equation but on the SEM it was not. The path coefficient for the relationship between SE and adoption of e-learning was weak. In the second objective, the correlation result revealed positive correlation between perceived ease of use with objective usability (r=0.598, p<0.05) and perceived usefulness with SE (r=0.456, p<0.05). Based on SEM, the path coefficient for the relationship between objective usability and adoption of e-learning was significant. Without any latent/intervening variable, OU and PEOU was positive and significant at the 0.05 level (βeta=0.938, T-value =3.658, p<0.05). The positive relationship indicates that one unit increase in OU will result in 0.938 increases in PEOU. In the last objective of system accessibility, the correlation result revealed positive correlation between perceived ease of use with system accessibility (r=0.441, p<0.503) and perceived usefulness with system accessibility (r=0.514, p<0.05). The path coefficient for the relationship between system accessibility and adoption of e-learning was weak and not significant hence dropped from the model.The research established that Self-efficacy had little to no effect on adoption of e-learning technology in Kenya. Objective usability was the strongest factor affecting the adoption of e-learning technology while system accessibility had correlation but was not strong enough to impact the model and as such impact the adoption of e-learning technology in Kenya was weak. These findings provided some useful insights for governments, potential instructors or educators, e-learning platforms and policy makers. This recommends and highlights the need to shift from the metropolitan areas to the rural areas in order to get a holistic view of the e-learning environment in Kenya. This research shed light on objective usability as a strong factor on perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness and as such on the adoption of e-learning technology in Kenya. Based the responses received and the SEM analysis further research should focus on the two variables of system accessibility and self-efficacy involving a larger number of variables to examine, as well as larger numbers of respondents to support the factor analysis. Research should also focus on attitude and behavioral intention and their interaction with perceived eases of use and perceived usefulness. The research needs to now shift from the metropolitan areas to the rural areas in order to get a holistic view of the e-learning environment in Kenya.

Influence Of Hidden Costs In Education On Students’ Participation In Public Secondary Schools In Kikuyu Sub County, Kenya - Kingori, Joseph Ndirangu (School of Education Department of Educational Administration and Planning of Nairobi University, 2015)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Influence Of Hidden Costs In Education On Students’ Participation In Public Secondary Schools In Kikuyu Sub County, Kenya - Kingori, Joseph Ndirangu (School of Education Department of Educational Administration and Planning of Nairobi University, 2015)

A rigorous review of the political economy of education systems in developing countries - Kingdon, Geeta Gandhi; Little, Angela; Aslam, Monazza; Rawal, Shenila; Moe, Terry; Patrinos, Harry; Beteille, Tara; Banerji, Rukmini; Parton, Brent; Sharma, Shailendra K (2014)
Keywords: _C:Afghanistan AFG; _C:Argentina ARG; _C:Bangladesh BGD; _C:Barbados BRB; _C:Benin BEN; _C:Bolivia BOL; _C:Botswana BWA; _C:Brazil BRA; _C:Chile CHL; _C:China CHN; _C:Colombia COL; _C:Congo, Democratic Republic COD; _C:Costa Rica CRI; _C:Cuba CUB; _C:Ecuador ECU; _C:Eritrea ERI; _C:Ethiopia ETH; _C:Gambia GMB; _C:Ghana GHA; _C:Guatemala GTM; _C:Guinea GIN; _C:Honduras HND; _C:India IND; _C:Indonesia IDN; _C:Iran IRN; _C:Kenya KEN; _C:Korea XKOR; _C:Korea, Republic KOR; _C:Kyrgyzstan KGZ; _C:Lesotho LSO; _C:Liberia LBR; _C:Malawi MWI; _C:Malaysia MYS; _C:Mali MLI; _C:Mauritius MUS; _C:Mexico MEX; _C:Mozambique MOZ; _C:Myanmar MMR; _C:Nepal NPL; _C:Nicaragua NIC; _C:Nigeria NGA; _C:Pakistan PAK; _C:Rwanda RWA; _C:Sierra Leone SLE; _C:Somalia SOM; _C:South Africa ZAF; _C:South Sudan SSD; _C:Sri Lanka LKA; _C:State of Palestine PSE; _C:Sudan SDN; _C:Tajikistan TJK; _C:Tanzania TZA; _C:Thailand THA; _C:Uganda UGA; _C:United Kingdom GBR; _C:United States USA; _C:Yemen YEM; _C:Zambia ZMB; _C:Zimbabwe ZWE; __C:scheme:1; ⛔ No DOI found

Are contract teachers and para-teachers a cost-effective intervention to address teacher shortage and improve learning outcomes? - Kingdon, Geeta Gandhi; Aslam, Monazza; Rawal, Shenila; Das, Sushmita (Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co-ordinating Centre:Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London, 2013)

The private schooling phenomenon in India: A review - Kingdon, Geeta Gandhi (2019)
This paper examines the size, growth, salaries, fee levels and per-pupil-costs of private schools, and compares these with the government school sector. Official data show a steep growth of private schooling and a corresponding rapid shrinkage in the size of the government school sector in India, suggesting parental abandonment of government schools. Data show that a very large majority of private schools in most states are ‘low-fee’ when judged in relation to: state per capita income, perpupil expenditure in the government schools, and the officially-stipulated rural minimum wage rate for daily-wage-labour. This suggests that affordability is an important factor behind the migration towards and growth of private schools. The main reason for the very low fee levels in private schools is their lower teacher salaries, which the data show to be a small fraction of the salaries paid in government schools; this is possible because private schools pay the market-clearing wage, which is depressed by a large supply of unemployed graduates in the country, whereas government schools pay bureaucratically determined minimum-wages. The paper shows how education policies can be harmful when formulated without seeking the evidence.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Independent Learning with Technology – Impact of Global Learning XPRIZE - King, Simon (2019)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The automation of science - King, R.D.; Rowland, J.; Oliver, S.G. (Science, 2009)
Keywords: _Added-ailr-2024

Bridging the edtech evidence gap: A realist evaluation framework refined for complex technology initiatives - King, Melanie; Rothberg, Steve; Dawson, Ray; Batmaz, F. (Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 2016)
Purpose – There are five factors acting as a barrier to the effective evaluation of educational technology (edtech), which are as follows: premature timing, inappropriate techniques, rapid change, complexity of context and inconsistent terminology. The purpose of this paper is to identify new evaluation approaches that will address these and reflect on the evaluation imperative for complex technology initiatives. Approach – An initial investigation of traditional evaluative approaches used within the technology domain was broadened to investigate the evaluation practices within social and public policy domains. Realist evaluation, a branch of theory-based evaluation, was identified and reviewed in detail. The realist approach was then refined, proposing two additional necessary steps to support mapping the technical complexity of initiatives. Findings – A refined illustrative example of a realist evaluation framework is presented, including two novel architectural edtech domain reference models to support mapping. Practical implications – Recommendations include building individual evaluator capacity; adopting the realist framework; the use of architectural edtech domain reference models; phased evaluation to first build theories in technology “context” and then iteratively during complex implementation chains; and community contribution to a shared map of technical and organisational complexity. Originality – This paper makes a novel contribution by arguing the imperative for a theory-based realist approach to help redefine evaluative thinking within the IT and complex system domain. It becomes an innovative proposal with the addition of two domain reference models that tailor the approach for edtech. Its widespread adoption will help build a shared evidence base that synthesizes and surfaces “what works, for whom, in which contexts and why”, benefiting educators, IT managers, funders, policymakers and future learners.

OPM's approach to assessing Value for Money - King, Julian; OPM VfM Working Group (Oxford Policy Management, 2018)

Evaluating the impact of teacher professional development: an evidence-based framework - King, Fiona (Professional Development in Education, 2014)
Keywords: C:Ireland

Cameroon Reopens Schools After 7-month COVID Closure | Voice of America - English - Kindzeka, Moki Edwin (Voice of America, 2020)
More than seven million Cameroon children and their teachers have returned to schools for the first time since their institutions were closed to stop the spread of COVID-19, seven months ago. The government of the central African state says it has been able to considerably reduce the spread of the disease that has been officially confirmed in more than 20,000 people with 420 deaths. Respect of COVID-19 barrier measures is imperative in all schools. The oldest student reads rules and regulations to be respected at Government Bilingual High School Essos in Cameroon’s capital Yaoundé.

Evaluating the Readiness to Implement an E-Learning Technology to Support Education - Kimwise, Alone; Benjamin, Mudaheranwa; Mugabirwe, Beatrice (2019)
The study sought thought to establish the preparedness of refugees in settlements to embrace E-learning and Multimedia Technology as useful tool for supporting education and learning especially in mathematics, and basic health education when implemented. The study which covered Nakivale refugee settlement adopted the cross-sectional survey research design. A questionnaire was administered to learners of senior one, primary six and an interview guide to teachers. The findings showed that majority of the respondents said that they did not have access to ICTs, Majority of the respondents were Ugandan origin and overall the respondents had low experience in performing computer functions. The findings gave a big view of the limited practical implication concerning the readiness to E-learning and Multimedia Technology adoption to support education and learning in schools in Uganda.
Keywords: RER theme_pedagogies and modalities; ⛔ No DOI found

Mobile learning using mobile phones in Japan - Kimura, Midori (Open Source Mobile Learning: Mobile Linux Applications, 2011)
The past ten years has seen remarkable developments in mobile devices, especially mobile phones, and interest in the potential of using mobile phones in an educational setting has intensified recently. The author’s working group, in cooperation with eLPCO (e-learning Professional Competency) at Aoya...

OER quality and adaptation in K–12: Comparing teacher evaluations of copyrightrestricted, open, and open/adapted textbooks - Kimmons, R (The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 2015)

Building effective COVID-19 Education Response Plans: Insights from Africa and Asia - Kimenyi, Eric; Otieno, Jennifer; Kaye, Tom (EdTech Hub, 2020)
Keywords: COV:COVID and reopening of schools; F: Helpdesk response; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

EdTech in Rwanda: A Rapid Scan - Kimenyi, Eric; Chuang, Rachel; Taddese, Abeba (EdTech Hub, 2020)
EdTech Hub country scans explore factors that enable and hinder the use of technology in education. This includes policies, government leadership, private-sector partnerships and digital infrastructure for education. The scans are intended to be comprehensive but are by no means exhaustive; nonetheless, we hope they will serve as a useful starting point for more in-depth discussions about opportunities and barriers in EdTech in specific countries and in this case, in Rwanda. This report was originally written in June 2020. It is based primarily on desk research, with quality assurance provided by a country expert
Keywords: C:Rwanda; F: Country scan; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH

Keeping Kenya Learning: The importance of caregiver engagement in supporting learning beyond the classroom - Kimathi, Deborah; El-Serafy, Yomna; Plaut, Daniel; Kaye, Tom (EdTech Hub, 2021)
Since the Covid-19 pandemic began, parents, teachers, students and policymakers have been exploring how to support students to learn at home. The emphasis on education at home has made evident the need to better equip caregivers to support their children’s learning.  The Keep Kenya Learning (KKL) initiative is helping parents and caregivers build their capacity and confidence to support learning…
Keywords: _EdTechHub_Output

The Importance of Caregiver Engagement in Supporting Learning - Kimathi, Deborah; El-Serafy, Yomna; Plaut, Daniel; Kaye, Tom (EdTech Hub, 2021)
Do you know the importance of caregiver engagement in supporting learning beyond the classroom? Visit our website to learn more.

The use of computer-assisted instruction to improve the reading comprehension of students with learning disabilities: an evaluation of the evidence base according to the What Works Clearinghouse standards - Kim, Min Kyung; McKenna, John William; Park, Yujeong (Remedial and Special Education, 2017)

Changes in student motivation during online learning - Kim, Kyong-Jee; Frick, Theodore W (Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2011)
Keywords: ❓ Multiple DOI

Rumie: Bringing Digital Education to the Underserved - Kim, John J.-H.; Migdal, Amram (2016)
In fall of 2015, the Toronto, Canada–based education technology nonprofit Rumie had distributed thousands of computer tablets preloaded with collections of thousands of pieces of curated educational content to nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in some of the most impoverished countries around the world lacking in basic educational resources. Founder and executive director Tariq Fancy, with his team, were deciding whether to accept a large new order from an NGO in Pakistan that would require Rumie for the first time to provide ongoing services such as teacher training, performance monitoring, and other support. Some on the team felt that providing a full suite of bundled services would detract from their recent push to decouple Rumie's software and services from the physical tablets to achieve greater reach and scale. In October 2015, Rumie opened the LearnCloud, its proprietary online content curation portal for NGOs, to the public. Now anyone could discover, share, and rate free digital educational content from any source. Fancy considered, "Education access represents a big order and huge growth, but does it lead us into doing things we haven't done before, may not be good at, and may not be scalable to be used by different partners in different geographies?"
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Enhancing teachers' ICT capacity for the 21st century learning environment: Three cases of teacher education in Korea - Kim, Hyeonjin; Choi, Hyungshin; Han, Jeonghye; So, Hyo-Jeong (Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 2012)

Classroom ICT integration in Tanzania: Opportunities and challenges from the perspectives of TPACK and SAMR models - Kihoza, Patrick; Zlotnikova, Irina; Bada, Joseph; Kalegele, Khamisi (International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 2016)
With the education systems demand of contemporary technologies, teacher trainees should be imparted with competencies and skills to integrate information and communication technology (ICT) into their future teaching and learning practices. This study assessed classroom ICTs integration opportunities and the challenges in relation to Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) and SAMR (Substitute, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition) models. The case study involved tutors and teacher trainees (N=206) from teacher training colleges. Results indicated that, majority of respondents have low pedagogical ICT competencies. However, tutors exhibited good knowledge level in all TPACK and SAMR constructs that we assessed, teacher trainees’ revealed poor skills and inefficient support on the use of basic ICTs (hardware, software, and associated peripherals). The impacts of TPACK and SAMR models characteristics related to the technology use planning and redesign of learning tasks was evident. Most of the challenges identified were associated to the lack of infrastructures, readiness to change and lack of competencies on pedagogical ICTs applications. Among others, we recommend the government to work on a harmonized ICT in education integration framework; that consider the existing opportunities and challenges facing Tanzania teacher training systems. Further work should focus on carrying out an experimental research design to unlock the existing ICT use realities.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Training the educators for Vietnam's future growth - Kieu Vo, Dung (World Bank Blogs, 2022)
Training for teachers is crucial in a fast-changing world. Learn how Vietnam has successfully rolled out an initiative to help 600,000 teachers stay ahead of the curve.

Returning to school after COVID-19 closures: Who is missing in Malawi? - Kidman, Rachel; Breton, Etienne; Behrman, Jere; Kohler, Hans-Peter (International Journal of Educational Development, 2022)
During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, almost all countries implemented school closures to prevent disease transmission. However, prolonged closures can put children at risk of leaving school permanently, a decision that can reduce their long-term potential and income. This study investigated the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic and associated school closures reduced school attendance in Malawi, a low-income African country. We used longitudinal data from a cohort of adolescents interviewed before (2017/18; at age 10–16) and after (2021; at age 13–20) the pandemic school closures. Of those students who had been attending school prior to school closures, we find that 86% returned when schools re-opened. Dropouts were more pronounced among older girls: over 30% of those aged 17–19 did not return to school. This resulted in further lowering the gender parity index to the greater disadvantage of girls. We also found that students already lagging behind in school were more likely to dropout. Thus, our data suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has magnified gender inequalities in schooling, at least partially erasing recent progress towards inclusive education. Urgent investments are needed to find and re-enroll lost students now, and to create more resilient and adaptable educational systems before the next pandemic or other negative shock arrives.
Keywords: Adolescents; COVID-19; Child marriage; Education; Pregnancy; School closures

KICD on Twitter: "Let's engage. For rich discussions on education matters. https://t.co/qb1ooAc7ZF" / Twitter - KICD (2020)

Kenya’s ICT policy in practice: The effectiveness of tablets and e-readers in improving student outcomes - Kibukho, K.; Kwayumba, Dunston; Jepkemei, Evelyn; Piper, Benjamin (2014)
Kenya is investing in information and communication technology (ICT) to improve children’s learning outcomes. However, the literature on ICT is pessimistic about the ability of ICT alone to improve outcomes, and few ICT programs have created the instructional change necessary to increase learning. The Primary Math and Reading (PRIMR) Initiative implemented a randomized controlled trial of three ICT interventions to enhance learning outcomes: tablets for instructional supervisors, tablets for teachers, and e-readers for students.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate; ⛔ No DOI found

Mobile Penetration and Growth in Kenya - Kibuacha, Frankline (GeoPoll, 2021)
Kenya is one of the most technology-advanced countries in Africa, which has had many christen it the Silicon Savannah, powered by its mobile penetration.

Effects of Special E-Learning Program on Hearing-Impaired Learners' Achievement and Perceptions of Basic Geometry in Lower Primary Mathematics: - Kiboss, Joel Kipkemboi (Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2012)
Achievement in mathematics is an issue of great concern not only to students and parents but also to employers and researchers in Kenya. This is because the Ken...

Providing access to education in Sub-Saharan countries through Content-Oriented technology - Kiboro, Angelica; Bailey, Sheena; Nair, Mrinay; Salam, Tomisin; Dwhytie, Alex (2014 IEEE Canada International Humanitarian Technology Conference - (IHTC), 2014)
Access to education has been a growing concern for children in developing economies, namely lack of access to quality customized online content in the classroom and at home; lack of tools that make learning fun and effective in key subject areas; and lack of state resources to meet educational demands. The Rumie Initiative was founded to tackle these concerns. It is a non-profit organization bringing educational content to the world's underprivileged children through low-cost technology. The Rumie Initiative's vision is to redefine the way education is provided, and through this, significantly reduce poverty and drive economic development. The primary advantage of The Rumie Initiative over all other educational technology solutions is that its content is specifically tailored to meet the local educational needs and curriculum standards. Utilizing the vast reserves of free online updated educational content available today; these android driven tablets are an affordable and intuitive way to deliver pre-loaded content without the requirement of internet access. Through mass global volunteerism, The Rumie Initiative collaborates with educators in choosing appropriate educational content and distributes content-loaded tablets through local Non-Governmental Organizations, communities and government entities. The Rumie Initiative has started a program of trials around the world and recently received a positive response at a Computer - Based Math Education Summit in New York hosted by UNICEF from November 21st to 22nd 2013. The initiative was first launched in Haiti on 25th October 2013 and has since, been gaining momentum, currently exploring opportunities in Sub-Saharan countries such as Ghana, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, South Africa and Nigeria. This paper focuses on The Rumie Initiative's unique business model to reach the masses, emphasizing issues relating to the power of volunteer ism, the forging of strategic development partners, and content-oriented technologies in increasing access to education.
Keywords: Blogs; Communities; Education; Internet; Internet access; Monitoring; Organizations; Rumie initiative; Servers; Terminology; authorisation; computer aided instruction; content management; content-oriented technology; curriculum standards; economics; economies; educational content; educational demands; government entities; non-governmental organizations; online content; standards; sub-Saharan countries

Innovative Methods to Train Teachers of Blind Children - Kibet, Amon; Kweyu, Ignatius; Koszorus, Ferenc (EdTech Hub, 2021)
Discover what we learned using innovative methods such as virtual training via WhatAapp to train teachers of blind children. Click to read more.

Take advantage of demographic dividend - Kibaru-Mbae, Josephine; Chatterjee, Siddharth (UNFPA Kenya, 2016)
Kenya is at the cusp of a “demographic dividend” that could change the country’s fortunes in the first half of the 21st century, but only if the country takes the right steps towards investing in its youth.

Education Blueprint: 2018-2030 - Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Elementary and Secondary Education Department (2017)

Information and communication technologies in teacher education: a planning guide - Khvilon, Evgueni; Patru, Mariana (UNESCO, 2002)
Keywords: auto_merged

Learning for an uncertain future: Artificial intelligence a challenge for Pakistani education system in the era of digital transformation - Khurshid, Saba; Khurshid, Shumaila; Toor, Hafsa Khalil (Qualitative Research Journal, 2024)
The rapid advancement of AI in education brings both significant challenges and opportunities. In Pakistan, where the educational system is facing numerous issues, AI integration has raised significant concerns. Therefore, this study aims to explore the challenges AI poses to the Pakistani education system in the era of digital transformation.,A focus group was conducted with 13 participants, including educators and heads of departments from universities located in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Thematic analysis was used to generate themes from the data.,The study findings indicated that AI integration in education can provide personalized and adaptive learning and teaching experiences by bridging the educational divide through easy access to quality education. Participants also highlighted the anxieties related to the digital divide as a great challenge for Pakistan. The integration of AI and automation in education is also raising concerns about job displacement for educators.,It highlighted that the integration of AI into the educational system can also bring both challenges and opportunities. To tackle these issues, potential strategies such as professional development and training programs to develop AI literacy among educators need to be introduced.

Value chain, stakeholders analysis and technology: A holistic and integrated approach for determining the cumulative added value of education - Khudair, Saud Abdullah Ben; Abdalla, Abdalla Khidir (International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies, 2016)
Keywords: ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Social Determinants of Gender Inequality in Vietnam - Khuat, Thu; Anh, Nguyen; Thao, Nguyen; Quynh, Nguyen; Diep, Trinh; Huong, Nguyen (2016)

External Validity and Model Validity: A Conceptual Approach for Systematic Review Methodology - Khorsan, Raheleh; Crawford, Cindy (Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014)
Background. Evidence rankings do not consider equally internal (IV), external (EV), and model validity (MV) for clinical studies including complementary and alternative medicine/integrative health care (CAM/IHC) research. This paper describe this model and offers an EV assessment tool (EVAT©) for weighing studies according to EV and MV in addition to IV. Methods. An abbreviated systematic review methodology was employed to search, assemble, and evaluate the literature that has been published on EV/MV criteria. Standard databases were searched for keywords relating to EV, MV, and bias-scoring from inception to Jan 2013. Tools identified and concepts described were pooled to assemble a robust tool for evaluating these quality criteria. Results. This study assembled a streamlined, objective tool to incorporate for the evaluation of quality of EV/MV research that is more sensitive to CAM/IHC research. Conclusion. Improved reporting on EV can help produce and provide information that will help guide policy makers, public health researchers, and other scientists in their selection, development, and improvement in their research-tested intervention. Overall, clinical studies with high EV have the potential to provide the most useful information about “real-world” consequences of health interventions. It is hoped that this novel tool which considers IV, EV, and MV on equal footing will better guide clinical decision making.

The state of education in urban slums of Bangladesh - Khondoker, Zarine Anan (BRAC Institute of Governance and Development, 2020)

Impact of Internet Access on Student Learning in Peruvian Schools - Kho, Kevin; Lakdawala, Leah; Nakasone, Eduardo (Working Papers, 2018)
We investigate the impacts of school-based internet access on pupil achievement in Peru, using a large panel of 5,903 public primary schools that gained internet connections during 2007-2014. We employ an event study approach and a trend break analysis that exploit variation in the timing of internet roll-out up to 5 years after installation. We find that internet access has a moderate, positive short-run impact on school-average standardized math scores, but importantly that this effect grows over time. We provide evidence that schools require time to adapt to internet access by hiring teachers with computer training and that this process is not immediate. These dynamics highlight the need for complementary investments to fully exploit new technological inputs and underscores the importance of using an extended evaluation window to allow the effects of school-based internet on learning to materialize.
Keywords: Education; ICT; Internet; Schooling

The Covid-19 epidemic: Teachers’ responses to school closure in developing countries - Khlaif, Zuheir N.; Salha, Soheil; Affouneh, Saida; Rashed, Hadi; ElKimishy, Lotfia Ali (Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 2020)
There is little research which explores middle school teachers’ response to school closures in developing countries in times of crisis. This article presents a case study of Afghanistan, Libya and Palestine as developing countries which have suffered from violence for many years prior to the Covid-19 crisis. It focuses on how teachers in middle school responded to school closure to fight the spread of Covid-19. Twenty-two teachers from these countries participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews and three diverse focus group sessions were used to collect data and evidence. The study found that teachers developed their skills to use emerging technologies and design suitable digital content. Moreover, they built strong relationships with the local community to assume their responsibility in emergency remote learning (ERL) by establishing community centres for students from poor families. Assessing and engaging students were crucial issues in ERL which need more research in different contexts.
Keywords: Covid-19; Emergency remote learning; developing countries; online learning; school closure

Research in Difficult Settings: Reflections on Pakistan and Afghanistan - Khattak, Saba Gul (International Development Research Center (IDRC), 2009)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Technophobia: Examining its hidden factors and defining it - Khasawneh, Odai Y. (Technology in Society, 2018)

Handbook on impact evaluation: quantitative methods and practices - Khandker, Shahidur R.; Koolwal, Gayatri B.; Samad, Hussain A. (World Bank, 2010)
This book reviews quantitative methods and models of impact evaluation. The formal literature on impact evaluation methods and practices is large, with a few useful overviews. Yet there is a need to put the theory into practice in a hands-on fashion for practitioners. This book also details challenges and goals in other realms of evaluation, including monitoring and evaluation (M&E), operational evaluation, and mixed-methods approaches combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. This book is organized as follows. Chapter two reviews the basic issues pertaining to an evaluation of an intervention to reach certain targets and goals. It distinguishes impact evaluation from related concepts such as M&E, operational evaluation, qualitative versus quantitative evaluation, and ex-ante versus ex post impact evaluation. Chapter three focuses on the experimental design of an impact evaluation, discussing its strengths and shortcomings. Various non-experimental methods exist as well, each of which are discussed in turn through chapters four to seven. Chapter four examines matching methods, including the propensity score matching technique. Chapter five deal with double-difference methods in the context of panel data, which relax some of the assumptions on the potential sources of selection bias. Chapter six reviews the instrumental variable method, which further relaxes assumptions on self-selection. Chapter seven examines regression discontinuity and pipeline methods, which exploit the design of the program itself as potential sources of identification of program impacts. Specifically, chapter eight presents a discussion of how distributional impacts of programs can be measured, including new techniques related to quantile regression. Chapter nine discusses structural approaches to program evaluation, including economic models that can lay the groundwork for estimating direct and indirect effects of a program. Finally, chapter ten discusses the strengths and weaknesses of experimental and non-experimental methods and also highlights the usefulness of impact evaluation tools in policy making.
Keywords: Accountability; Audits; Beneficiaries; Capacity Building; Clinics; Community Development; Community Participation; Comparison Groups; Control Groups; Counterfactual; Counterfactuals; Data Analysis; Data Collection; Decision Making; Development Research; Economic Factors; Evaluation Design; Evaluation Methods; Evaluation Studies; Evaluators; Ex Ante Analysis; Ex Post Evaluation; Ex Post Impact Evaluation; Exercises; Experimental Data; Experimental Design; Families; Final Indicators; Financial Support; Flexibility; General Practice; Gross Domestic Product; Household Income; Hygiene; Impact Assessment; Impact Evaluation; Impact Evaluation Tools; Impact Indicators; Income; Inequality; Instrumental Variables; Intermediate Indicators; Intermediate Outcomes; Intervention; Interviews; Labor Markets; Learning; M&e Systems; Matching Methods; Methodologies; Microdata Set; Modeling; Mortality; Nonexperimental Methods; Nongovernmental Organizations; Nonparticipant Groups; Nutrition; Performance Indicators; Policy Changes; Pollution; Poverty Alleviation; Poverty Impacts; Poverty Reduction; Poverty Reduction Programs; Program Beneficiaries; Program Effectiveness; Program Effects; Program Evaluation; Program Impacts; Program Implementation; Program Interventions; Program Outcomes; Programs; Project Management; Project Monitoring; Project Objectives; Propensity Score Matching; Qualitative Analysis; Qualitative Data; Qualitative Methods; Quantitative Data; Quantitative Evaluation; Quantitative Methods; Quantitative Research; Questionnaires; Reducing Poverty; Reflexive Comparisons; Reliability; Research Projects; Researchers; Secondary Schools; Selection Bias; Service Delivery; Simulation; Simulations; Social Networks; Survey Data; Survey Instruments; Targeting; Techniques

Introducing ICT into Teacher-Training Programs: Problems in Bangladesh - Khan, Shahadat Hossain; Hasan, Mahbub (Journal of Education and Practice, 2013)
Information and Communication Technology can offer more adaptable and efficient ways of teacher training for improvement of quality of professional development programs. But the use of ICT into teacher training usually faces certain obstacles. In this paper, we identified different barriers of introducing ICT into teacher training model (this model had been discussed by the authors in a separate paper, titled as “A model for integrating ICT into teacher training programs in Bangladesh based on TPCK) in Bangladesh, a developing country. We then described the strategies to overcome these problems for improving the current status of ICT integration into teacher training. Finally, we concluded with emerging research issues and offered pertinent recommendation with respect to ICT integration into teacher training program for improving quality of teaching in Bangladesh.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

C-DELTA: Preparing students as digital leaders in Bangladesh - Khan, S (2019)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Integrating ICT in English Language Teaching in Bangladesh: Teachers’ Perceptions and Challenges - Khan, Nafis Mahmud; Kuddus, Khushboo; Kuddus, Khushboo; School of Humanities (English), KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India. (Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities, 2020)
The integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Education especially, in English Language Teaching (ELT) in secondary schools of Bangladesh has been existing for a decade now. However, the status of actual implementation is quite different from the adoption and initiatives taken to integrate ICT in ELT. Therefore, the study aims to investigate the secondary level English language teachers’ attitude towards integration of ICT in Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and the factors inhibiting the use of it. Further, the paper attempts to examine the challenges faced by the secondary level English teachers of Bangladesh in using ICT in language teaching effectively. In an attempt to examine the attitude of teachers in using ICT in ELT, a quantitative research is designed with a close ended questionnaire to collect the data from a sample of 100 secondary English language teachers of various schools of Bangladesh. The data of the responses is quantified and is analyzed by SPSS 20 program. The obtained data from the questionnaire is examined in order to investigate the perceptions of the secondary level English language teachers towards ICT integrated language teaching and the challenges of the implementation of ICT in ELT. In conclusion, the outcome of the research would provide significant information about the attitude of the teachers towards ICT integration in ELT and the challenges faced by them and hence, the study would help the policy makers and the teachers to enhance the effectiveness of using ICT in ELT.

Child education in the time of pandemic: Learning loss and dropout - Khan, Muhammad Jehangir; Ahmed, Junaid (Children and Youth Services Review, 2021)
The disruptive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic had affected the education sector at an unprecedented scale. In order to contain the spread of the virus, a large number of countries across the globe have shut their schools to handle the pandemic. However, it has adversely affected students’ learning and school attendance. In this regard, we assess the impact of COVID-19 on the learning loss, school dropout, and the economic costs in term of foregone earnings for children in Pakistan. The study finds a substantial decrease in Learning Adjusted Years of Schooling (LAYS) with worsening consequences for girls than boys. Likewise, the aggregate economic cost amounts to 107 billion dollars when adjusted for human capital utilisation. Besides, our simulation results suggest that about 7.2 million children dropout due to a reduction in household expenditure by 50 percent. In comparison, the dropout is more pronounced at the primary level of schooling. The results recommend that the government design robust social protection and remote education strategies to mitigate school closure’s adverse effect on children’s learning. The emphasis should be rather on the long run strategies to cope with a resilient education system of futuristic orientation.

Child education in the time of pandemic: Learning loss and dropout - Khan, Muhammad Jehangir; Ahmed, Junaid (Children and Youth Services Review, 2021)
The disruptive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic had affected the education sector at an unprecedented scale. In order to contain the spread of the virus, a large number of countries across the globe have shut their schools to handle the pandemic. However, it has adversely affected students' learning and school attendance. In this regard, we assess the impact of COVID-19 on the learning loss, school dropout, and the economic costs in term of foregone earnings for children in Pakistan. The study finds a substantial decrease in Learning Adjusted Years of Schooling (LAYS) with worsening consequences for girls than boys. Likewise, the aggregate economic cost amounts to 107 billion dollars when adjusted for human capital utilisation. Besides, our simulation results suggest that about 7.2 million children dropout due to a reduction in household expenditure by 50 percent. In comparison, the dropout is more pronounced at the primary level of schooling. The results recommend that the government design robust social protection and remote education strategies to mitigate school closure’s adverse effect on children's learning. The emphasis should be rather on the long run strategies to cope with a resilient education system of futuristic orientation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Adjustment; COVID-19; Education; Learning Strategies; Learning loss; Pakistan; Pandemics; School Dropout; School Dropouts; School Learning

Mega risks, education, knowledge, and sustainability - Khan, Mohammad Aslam (Cities and mega risks: COVID-19 and climate change, 2022)
This chapter presents the crises urban education systems are facing across the world due to mega risks. The pandemic has caused the largest disruption in history in education affecting 1.6 billion students in about 190 countries. Simulations of learning losses show that the current generation of students may have lost an estimated 17 trillion US dollars in lifetime earnings at present value due to the pandemic alone—equivalent to 14% of today’s global GDP. Climate change has also affected cities world over with recurring climate-related extreme events like cyclones and floods through destruction of schools, relevant infrastructure, and learning materials. Indirectly they impact family livelihood and well-being by affecting health, food, and shelter—resulting in increased absenteeism, dropouts, and deteriorating quality of learning. Again, their financial impacts are believed to be in trillions of dollars. Besides learning losses, school closures also affect the growth and development of children by denying them school meals, health services including vaccinations, and psychosocial support. In terms of response, school closures increased the reliance of institutions upon remote technology—digital solutions or broadcast media like radio and television. This chapter besides highlighting key obstacles in a shift to distance learning or adapting to new normal also discusses the lessons learnt and emerging opportunities. It emphasizes speeding up reform and preparing future generations to be both productive and resilient to face mega risks through education and practice.

Barriers to the Introduction of ICT into Education in Developing Countries: The Example of Bangladesh - Khan, Md. Shahadat; Hasan, Mahbub; Clement, Che (International Journal of Instruction, 2012)
Within a very few years, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has turned out to be an effective educational technology which promotes some dramatic changes in teaching and learning processes. Technologies allow students to work more productively than in the past, but the teacher’s role in technology rich classrooms is more demanding than ever (Keengwe, Onchwari et al. 2008). ICT has the potential to transform the nature of education (improving teachers’ design work, enhancing the roles of students and teachers in the learning process and helping to create a collaborative learning environment, etc). Although ICT has the potential to improve the educational system to a great extent, developing countries are far from reaping these benefits because of certain barriers. The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of international articles relating to barriers encountered when introducing ICT into classrooms. This review will help identify the factors that influence teachers’ decisions whether or not to implement ICT in teaching-learning situations. Connections will be made with existing literature to explore possible barriers for introducing ICT into education in Bangladesh. Further, this paper also offers a number of recommendations to reduce these barriers and maximize the beneficial use of ICT on education.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Crisis-Led Approaches to Teaching and Learning in Bangladesh - Khan, Maluba; Smith, Thomas; Islam, Mohammed Zakiul; Anand, Kusha; Hossain, Tahrima; Ahmed, Shakil; Islam, Rakibul; Atuly, Afsana Sadiq; Nayeem, Azwa; Sabbab, Salman; Hassan, Mehdi; Sarwar, Afzal Hossain (Cardiff University, 2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Punjab, Pakistan: Using Open School Data to Improve Transparency and Accountability - Khan, Kashmali (2018)

Empowerment through ICT education, access and use: A gender analysis of Muslim youth in India - Khan, Farida; Ghadially, Rehana (Journal of International Development, 2010)
Keywords: Equity through Access

Blog-based professional development of English teachers in Mumbai: the potential of innovative practice under scrutiny - Khan, Atiya (Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 2017)
The professional development of teachers in India is still, by and large, based on formal and outdated professional learning traditions, often characterised by crash courses and one-off workshops. In education, blogs have proven to be an effective means of establishing and maintaining collaborative learning networks and helping members reflect on their professional practices. Information and communications technology (ICT) enabled practices of teacher professional development is still in its infancy in India. Moreover, there is limited research in India to secure foundational understanding of how and in what ways teachers of English in India use blogs for their professional development. This study explores the use of teacher reflective practice, teacher networking, and teacher collaboration, beyond formal ICT training, through blog-based professional development of English teachers in the Mumbai region of India. Using data collected from 32 teachers from three private schools in Mumbai, through ICT interactive workshop observations, questionnaires, interviews, and blog comments, this action case study explains whether and why blogging, as a learning community, has the potential to add significant value to existing professional development of English teachers in Mumbai.
Keywords: Action Research; Case Studies; Communities of Practice; Diaries; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Electronic Publishing; English (Second Language); Faculty Development; Foreign Countries; India; Language Teachers; Participant Observation; Private Schools; Qualitative Research; Questionnaires; Reflective Teaching; Second Language Instruction; Semi Structured Interviews; Teacher Collaboration; Web Sites; Workshops; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2096053; __finaldtb

Blog-based professional development of English teachers in Mumbai: The potential of innovative practice under scrutiny | Australasian Journal of Educational Technology - Khan, Atiya (Australian Journal of Educational Technology, 2017)
The professional development of teachers in India is still, by and large, based on formal and outdated professional learning traditions, often characterised by crash courses and one-off workshops. In education, blogs have proven to be an effective means of establishing and maintaining collaborative learning networks and helping members reflect on their professional practices. Information and communications technology (ICT) enabled practices of teacher professional development is still in its infancy in India. Moreover, there is limited research in India to secure foundational understanding of how and in what ways teachers of English in India use blogs for their professional development. This study explores the use of teacher reflective practice, teacher networking, and teacher collaboration, beyond formal ICT training, through blog-based professional development of English teachers in the Mumbai region of India. Using data collected from 32 teachers from three private schools in Mumbai, through ICT interactive workshop observations, questionnaires, interviews, and blog comments, this action case study explains whether and why blogging, as a learning community, has the potential to add significant value to existing professional development of English teachers in Mumbai.

Pakistani Teachers' Professional Learning Experiences: Comparing Face-to-Face versus Online Learning - Khan, Asma (TEFLIN Journal, 2018)
This qualitative in-depth interview study investigated the experiences of Pakistani English teachers in an online community, English Companion Ning (ECN). The main purpose of the study was to investigate what ECN meant to these Pakistani teachers and how they found their professional learning experiences different in ECN from face-to-face professional development programs in Pakistan. Data were gathered from six teachers through in-depth interviews, guided tours, field notes, memos, and ECN logs. Using the grounded theory approach, this study analyzed and interpreted the data through initial, focused, and axial coding. Data analysis revealed that being free from budget, temporal, and geographical constraints, the ECN provided numerous opportunities to the Pakistani teachers for a sustained and long-term professional learning in a collaborative setting.
Keywords: Collaboration; College Faculty; Communities of Practice; Comparative Analysis; Computer assisted language learning; Computer mediated communication; Conventional Instruction; Cooperative Learning; Cooperative learning; Distance learning; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Educational technology; Electronic Learning; English Teachers; English as a second language--ESL; English teachers; Faculty Development; Foreign Countries; Grounded Theory; Higher Education; Interaction; Learning Experience; Linguistics; Pakistan; Professional development; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher education; Teaching; Technology Uses in Education; Web Based Instruction; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2095920; ___working_potential_duplicate

Pakistani teachers' professional learning experiences: comparing face-to-face versus online learning - Khan, Asma (TEFLIN Journal, 2018)
This qualitative in-depth interview study investigated the experiences of Pakistani English teachers in an online community, English Companion Ning (ECN). The main purpose of the study was to investigate what ECN meant to these Pakistani teachers and how they found their professional learning experiences different in ECN from face-to-face professional development programs in Pakistan. Data were gathered from six teachers through in-depth interviews, guided tours, field notes, memos, and ECN logs. Using the grounded theory approach, this study analyzed and interpreted the data through initial, focused, and axial coding. Data analysis revealed that being free from budget, temporal, and geographical constraints, the ECN provided numerous opportunities to the Pakistani teachers for a sustained and long-term professional learning in a collaborative setting.
Keywords: Collaboration; College Faculty; Communities of Practice; Comparative Analysis; Computer assisted language learning; Computer mediated communication; Conventional Instruction; Cooperative Learning; Cooperative learning; Distance learning; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Educational technology; Electronic Learning; English Teachers; English as a second language--ESL; English teachers; Faculty Development; Foreign Countries; Grounded Theory; Higher Education; Interaction; Learning Experience; Linguistics; Pakistan; Professional development; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher education; Teaching; Technology Uses in Education; Web Based Instruction; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2095920; ___working_potential_duplicate

Pakistani teachers' professional learning experiences: comparing face-to-face versus online learning - Khan, Asma (TEFLIN Journal, 2018)
This qualitative in-depth interview study investigated the experiences of Pakistani English teachers in an online community, English Companion Ning (ECN). The main purpose of the study was to investigate what ECN meant to these Pakistani teachers and how they found their professional learning experiences different in ECN from face-to-face professional development programs in Pakistan. Data were gathered from six teachers through in-depth interviews, guided tours, field notes, memos, and ECN logs. Using the grounded theory approach, this study analyzed and interpreted the data through initial, focused, and axial coding. Data analysis revealed that being free from budget, temporal, and geographical constraints, the ECN provided numerous opportunities to the Pakistani teachers for a sustained and long-term professional learning in a collaborative setting.
Keywords: Collaboration; College Faculty; Communities of Practice; Comparative Analysis; Computer assisted language learning; Computer mediated communication; Conventional Instruction; Cooperative Learning; Cooperative learning; Distance learning; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Educational technology; Electronic Learning; English Teachers; English as a second language--ESL; English teachers; Faculty Development; Foreign Countries; Grounded Theory; Higher Education; Interaction; Learning Experience; Linguistics; Pakistan; Professional development; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher education; Teaching; Technology Uses in Education; Web Based Instruction; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2095920; ___working_potential_duplicate

Use of digital game based learning and gamification in secondary school science: The effect on student engagement, learning and gender difference - Khan, Amna; Ahmad, Farzana Hayat; Malik, Muhammad Muddassir (Education and Information Technologies, 2017)
This study aimed to identify the impact of a game based learning (GBL) application using computer technologies on student engagement in secondary school science classrooms. The literature reveals that conventional Science teaching techniques (teacher-centered lecture and teaching), which foster rote learning among students, are one of the major concerns in Pakistan Education system. This leads to student disengagement in science lessons eventually resulting in student absenteeism and dropouts from the schools. This study consisted of five stages: (1) examining the impact of Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) and gamification on engagement, learning and gender difference, and literature related to using DGBL models for instructional design; (2) planning learning activities and developing a GBL application based on a specific content in Science; (3) conducting an intervention with a sample of 72 participants of 8th grade (aged 12–15) in a low cost private school of Pakistan following quasi-experimental research framework; (4) observing behaviour and emotions of the participants during science lessons; (5) conducting pre and post tests to assess the learning outcomes of participants followed by focus groups discussion. Analysis from Friedman test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test show that the GBL application has a positive influence on student engagement. However, GBL application was not equally effective for all students since girls outperformed boys in terms of engagement and learning outcomes. This study gives insights into the development of better educational games to promote student learning.

The status of early childhood education in Pakistan: Inside stories - Khan, Afzal (Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood, 2018)
This article analyses the status of early childhood education in Pakistan. The education systems in place in Pakistan are mainly framed within a didactic approach to teaching and learning, which addresses certain areas of education but does not teach the child as a whole. Domains of children’s holistic development such as social, ethical, cultural, intellectual, emotional and physical well-being, and some other key academic skills, are not fully covered. In this kind of education, students are taught to follow rules without question and do as instructed, which corresponds to an autocratic view of learning. In the context of early childhood education in Pakistan, teachers occupy dominant roles, which positions them as the imparters and sources of knowledge and children as dependent and the receivers of knowledge, rather than considering them as potential, curious and powerful learners with unlimited capabilities. The literature indicates that this approach to teaching and learning does not privilege the holistic development and well-being of children. In contrast, many developed countries use research-based contemporary approaches to children’s education and development, giving children a more central role in their learning to ensure that every child has the opportunity to develop to their full potential. This kind of approach reminds teachers to view all children not as needy or deficient individuals.

Tax Farming Redux: Experimental Evidence on Performance Pay for Tax Collectors - Khan, Adnan Q.; Khwaja, Asim I.; Olken, Benjamin A. (National Bureau of Economic Research, 2021)
Performance pay for tax collectors has the potential to raise revenues, but might come at a cost if taxpayers face undue pressure from collectors. We report the first large-scale field experiment on these issues, where we experimentally allocated 482 property tax units in Punjab, Pakistan into one of three performance-pay schemes or a control. After two years, incentivized units had 9.3 log points higher revenue than controls, which translates to a 46 percent higher growth rate. The scheme that rewarded purely on revenue did best, increasing revenue by 12.8 log points (62 percent higher growth rate), with little penalty for customer satisfaction and assessment accuracy compared to the two other schemes that explicitly also rewarded these dimensions. Further analysis reveals that these revenue gains accrue from a small number of properties becoming taxed at their true value, which is substantially more than they had been taxed at previously. The majority of properties in incentivized areas in fact pay no more taxes, but do report higher bribes. The results are consistent with a collusive setting in which performance pay increases collector's bargaining power over taxpayers, who either have to pay higher bribes to avoid being reassessed, or pay substantially higher taxes if collusion breaks down.

Khan Academy: Free Online Courses, Lessons & Practice - Khan Academy (Khan Academy, 2020)
You can learn anything. Expert-created content and resources for every course and level. Always free.

Development of a cadre of teacher educators: some lessons from Pakistan - Khamis, Anil; Sammons, Pamela (International Journal of Educational Development, 2004)
This article is based on an educational innovation, the creation of a cadre of teacher educators, in the developing world. Professional development teachers (PDT) were trained in an in-service two-year teacher education programme leading to a Masters of Education (M.Ed.) degree. The PDTs were expected to play three roles in their home schools upon completion of the degree programme: (a) exemplary teachers; (b) teacher educators; and (c) change agents within their home schools to effect improvement. This article reviews education in Pakistan and the innovations that have come to inform the need to focus on teacher education as a primary area of investment and presents findings of a three-year longitudinal study of a selection of PDTs trained at the Aga Khan University’s Institute for Educational Development (AKU-IED). The main findings of the study indicate that teachers benefited significantly as individuals with enhanced career prospects, identified themselves more and preferred the role of teacher educators as opposed to classroom-based teachers, and sought opportunities outside their own schools but their role as change agents was more limited. Those teachers who maintained links with their schools beyond the three-year bonding period (a condition of being admitted to study for the M.Ed.) varied in the extent to which they managed to initiate and sustain school improvement efforts as indicated by changes in the structures and relationships within schools affecting the teaching–learning offered to pupils.
Keywords: Development; Educational policy; International education; Pakistan; School improvement; Teacher education

Investigating educational change: The Aga Khan University Institute for educational development teacher education for school improvement model - Khamis, Anil; Sammons, Pamela (International Journal of Educational Development, 2007)
This article continues the analyses of the impact of an innovative teacher education programme aimed at school improvement in a developing country context (A. Khamis, P. Sammons, 2004. The development of a cadre of teacher educators: some lessons from Pakistan. International Journal of Educational Development, 24(3), 255–268). Building on recent publications that have analysed outcomes of the teacher education programme and how the cadre of teacher educators has worked to initiate improvement in schools in Pakistan. The article considers the ‘teacher education for school improvement model’ based on findings from the case studies of nine co-operating school. Lessons are presented to further inform the development of teacher education programmes and the measurement of effectiveness of such programmes in developing country contexts. The article further considers relevant international research on educational change and reform to draw further lessons. These lessons include the need to pay greater attention to the cultural contexts and milieu in Pakistan, and the need to create models of school improvement and teacher education that originate within developing country contexts rather than the adaptation of European/North American models that are based on sources of data in those contexts. The article concludes by arguing for the need to develop better theoretical understandings from the current innovations underway and placing the onus on intervening agencies to better inform educational change strategies promoted in developing country contexts.
Keywords: Developing countries; Educational change; Innovation; Pakistan; School improvement; Teacher education

Learning through Video Games: A Case Study of Private Schools of Pakistan - Khalid, Tooba; Batool, Syeda Hina (Ieee, 2018)
This study investigated video game based academic and information literacy (IL) learning of teenagers of private schools of Lahore city. Lahore is one of the big city and knowledge hub of Pakistan. Previous literature highlighted the importance of video games in learning academic and IL skills; therefore, the present study aims to reveal this fact in local context. The presented study adopted qualitative research approach and utilized phenomenological research method to achieve its objectives. The data was collected through interviews. The study participants were teenagers (13 to 19 years) of elite economic class private schools who were frequent video game players. Based on the study findings, it can be concluded that playing video games has positive impact on teenagers' learning. The majority of the participants were of view that challenges of completing various stages of games and interacting with online competitors enhanced their social (communication) and information literacy (searching/locating and evaluating) skills. The results of the study are benefitted for the game developers, teachers, librarians and parents.
Keywords: Pakistan; academic learning; information literacy; learning; skills; video games

Factors influencing teachers’ level of participation in online communities - Khalid, Fariza; Joyes, Gordon; Ellison, Linda; Daud, Md Yusoff (International Education Studies, 2014)
The use of an online learning community is one possible approach to teachers’ professional development that can enhance the opportunity for collaboration. Discussions in online learning communities not only allow community members to share resources, ideas and expertise, but also contribute to the fulfilment of teachers’ needs in terms of continuous learning and professional development. This paper reports the findings of a study that aimed to explore the factors that influence the way teachers behave in online communities. The research participants were 16 teachers from five secondary schools in Malaysia who were teaching English, science and mathematics. These teachers were involved in online learning communities via blogs in which they exchanged stories and experiences related to their teaching and learning activities. Data were generated through one-to-one interviews. Based on thematic analysis, the overall findings indicate that teachers’ levels of participation in their online learning communities were largely influenced by cultural issues. Other factors that impacted upon their engagement were time, enforcement by school administrators and their need for an online community.
Keywords: __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2096356; __finaldtb

Software preference for online learning of science and biology teachers under COVID-19 pandemic - Khaleyla, Firas; Wisanti, Wisanti; Ambarwati, Reni; Rahayu, Dwi Anggorowati; Putri, Eva Kristinawati (JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 2021)
As measure against the rapid spreading of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which now has reached global level, Indonesian government established Large-scale Social Distancing (LsSD). As consequence, learning method used in junior and senior high school is substituted from face-to-face learning in class to online distance learning, including for science and biology. This study was conducted to know software preference used by science and biology junior and senior high school teachers for online learning during LsSD measure. A total of 189 science and biology junior and senior high school teachers from various area had given their response via questionnaire. Data was analyzed using quantitative descriptive method. About 57% respondents had never manage online learning before COVID-19 pandemic while the remaining 43% had experience in managing one before, however almost all managed online learning. Non-paid software used the most (81%) among respondents to manage online science/biology learning. Software types used were social networking (64%) especially WhatsApp, learning management system (LMS) (51%) especially Google Classroom, teleconference applications (12%), and assessment software outside of LMSs (15%). Software chosen were mostly non-paid, easily accessed by all people, already familiar among Indonesian, and its interface were easily mastered.

Characteristics of Effective Technology-Enabled Teacher Learning Circles — Rapid Review of the Literature - Khalayleh, Abdullah; El-Serafy, Yomna; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2021)
Keywords: Author:Haßler; _yl:a

Final report - Khalayleh, Abdullah; El-Serafy, Yomna; Haßler, Björn (Open Development & Education, 2021)
Keywords: Author:Haßler; _yl:b

A Monitoring and Evaluation Framework for Blended Learning: Pakistan Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training - Khalayleh, Abdullah; Baloch, Imdad; Dele-Ajayi, Opeyemi; Kaye, Tom (EdTech Hub, 2021)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:not_indexed; _MELA_seen; _cover:v3; _r:AddedByZotZen; _r:CopiedFromEvLib; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Arabic version of Design Thinking for Educators – Open Development & Education - Khalayleh, Abdullah (2020)
Keywords: dode_eth-src-dode; dode_eth-trf2-dode

Determining the suitability of Whatsapp for Jusoor Azima Project - Khalayleh, Abdullah (EdTech Hub, 2021)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _r:AddedByZotZen; _zenodo:submitted

EdTech in Jordan: A Rapid Scan - Khalayleh, A.; Taddese, A. (EdTech Hub, 2020)
EdTech Hub country scans explore factors that enable and hinder the use of technology in education. This includes policies, government leadership, private-sector partnerships, and digital infrastructure for education. The scans are intended to be comprehensive but are by no means exhaustive; nonetheless, we hope they will serve as a useful starting point for more in-depth discussions about opportunities and barriers in EdTech in specific countries, in this case, in Jordan. This report was originally written in June 2020. It is based primarily on desk research, with quality assurance provided by a country expert.
Keywords: C:Jordan; F: Country scan; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-dode; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode