A Slum2School charity's first Virtual Learning Studio - Campos, Guy (AV Magazine, 2020)

Public Financial Management and Its Emerging Architecture - Cangiano, Marco; Curristine, Teresa; Lazare, Michael (2013)
The first two decades of the twenty-first century have witnessed an influx of innovations and reforms in public financial management. The current wave of reforms is markedly different from those in the past, owing to the sheer number of innovations, their widespread adoption, and the sense that they add up to a fundamental change in the way governments manage public money. This book takes stock of the most important innovations that have emerged over the past two decades.

Applying the information search process model to analyze aspects in the design of serious games for children with hearing impairment - Cano, Sandra; Alghazzawi, Daniyal M.; Arteaga, Jaime Muñoz; Fardoun, Habib M.; Collazos, César A.; Amador, Viviana Bustos (Universal Access in the Information Society, 2018)
Deaf children traditionally face greater challenges and encounter difficulties particular to their abilities. The Information Search Process model (ISP) is oriented in the context of the present work as a process of searching for information about children with a hearing impairment in the area of literacy, applying the different stages of the ISP model to identify different aspects of hearing impairment. A case study was carried out at the USAER school in Aguascalientes, Mexico, a school that enables children with hearing impairments to be included in regular secondary schooling. The children here are aged 12–15 years and have literacy problems. Eight children from 7 to 11 years of age were also evaluated in the Institute for Deaf and Blind Children in Cali, Colombia. The ISP model can be deemed to have been useful for identifying the relevant needs to support both teachers and deaf children. A need was identified, to construct a game that integrates the activities undertaken following the FitzGerald keys and in turn allow them to assess learning through different activities that help increase the semantic repertoire.

Self-worth and the Filipino child - Carandang, Maria Lourdes Arellano (Anvil Publishing, 2004)
Keywords: Child development; Child psychology; Parent and child; Philippines; Self-esteem in children

Así consumíamos medios en El Salvador antes de la COVID-19 - Carballo, Willian; Marroquín, Amparo (2020)

Así dio vuelta el consumo mediático en El Salvador durante la COVID-19 - Carballo, Willian; Marroquín, Amparo (2021)

Knowledge to policy: making the most of development research - Carden, F. (SAGE ; International Development Research Centre, 2009)
Keywords: Economic development; Economic policy; Evaluation; Research Evaluation

Can technology improve the classroom experience in primary education? An African experiment on a worldwide program - Cardim, Joana; Molina-Millán, Teresa; Vicente, Pedro C. (Journal of Development Economics, 2023)
Primary school coverage has been increasing in most developing countries. Yet, it has not been accompanied by signiﬁcant improvements in learning indicators. We implemented a randomized experiment in Angola around the introduction of ProFuturo, a worldwide educational program. The program includes a Computer-assisted Learning (CAL) software directed at improving the regular classroom experience. One year after the program started, we ﬁnd higher familiarity with technology. Teachers miss fewer days of classes and implement better teaching practices. Students become more interested in learning and pro-social. Finally, the program improves students’ test scores in the most popular subject in the CAL platform.

Mother tongue and literature teaching in smart cities: How technology is reshaping the frontiers of education - Cardoso, Luis (European Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics Studies, 2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

HATUTAN Program in Timor-Leste - CARE International (2021)

Teacher Empowerment Through Curriculum Development: Theory Into Practice - Carl, Arend E. (Juta and Company Ltd, 2009)
Treating curriculum studies as an educational field in its own right, this critical resource gives teachers the power to control the focus and direction their classes take by revealing the variety of benefits gained from rigorous curriculum planning. Stressing the importance of a teacher’s own involvement in the creation of curriculum, the guide shows teachers how to deal with the constant changes they face. For educators looking to contribute responsibly and dynamically to the content of their classes, this valuable and updated tool reveals new techniques that will empower educators and the significance behind involved curriculum development.
Keywords: Education / Curricula; Education / Professional Development

Using Technology to Deliver Educational Services to Children and Youth in Environments Affected by Crisis and/or Conflict - Carlson, Samuel; JBS International (USAID, 2013)
Keywords: Screened; ___working_potential_duplicate; ⛔ No DOI found

Individual differences in executive functioning and theory of mind: An investigation of inhibitory control and planning ability - Carlson, Stephanie M; Moses, Louis J; Claxton, Laura J (Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2004)
This research examined the relative contributions of two aspects of executive function—inhibitory control and planning ability—to theory of mind in 49 3- and 4-year-olds. Children were given two standard theory of mind measures (Appearance–Reality and False Belief), three inhibitory control tasks (Bear/Dragon, Whisper, and Gift Delay), three planning tasks (Tower of Hanoi, Truck Loading, and Kitten Delivery), and a receptive vocabulary test (Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test [PPVT-3]). Multiple regression analyses indicated that two inhibition tasks (Bear/Dragon and Whisper) were significantly related to theory of mind after accounting for age, receptive vocabulary, and planning. In contrast, the planning tasks did not share unique variance with theory of mind. These results increase our understanding of the specific nature of executive function–theory of mind relations during early childhood.
Keywords: Executive function; Inhibition; Planning; Theory of mind

Broadening borders to build better schools: virtual professional learning communities - Carpenter, Daniel; Munshower, Paul (The International Journal of Educational Management, 2019)
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how rural teachers provided a PLC by leveraging virtual technologies to connect educators of like subject disciplines from several schools, foreign and domestic.Design/methodology/approachA phenomenological case study-based approach was leveraged to investigate established vPLCs at schools (Creswell, 2013; Stake, 2010). Qualitative data were collected from multiple sources to obtain rural teacher perceptions on the impact vPLCs had on their practice (Creswell, 2013).FindingsTeacher collaborative teams build relationships comparable to teams that met face to face as part of a similar PLC and PD experience. Participant reflections in this investigation showed that rural educators favored face-to-face meetings; however, vPLCs provided similar teacher experiences to that of the face-to-face PBL model. Results indicated that educators recognized virtual collaboration just as valuable a tool for enabling PLCs than face-to-face collaborations while still offering similarities to improved teacher practice.Research limitations/implicationsThe research was limited to teachers in rural settings in the USA (Texas) and in the Dominican Republic. The research was limited to teacher perceptions of change, and observed changes as part of their participation in a research-based virtual PLC model. The research was limited to the school setting over an academic year.Practical implicationsThe findings from this study have practical implications for rural teachers and school implementation of a professional learning community model.Originality/valueThe promise provided by this study is that vPLCs may provide opportunity for rural schools to provide a job-embedded professional development model (Croft et al., 2010) for otherwise isolated teachers (Barrett et al., 2015).
Keywords: Collaboration; Communities of Practice; Computer Mediated Communication; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Education; Educational technology; Faculty Development; Learning; Meetings; Preferences; Professional development; Professional learning communities; Rural Schools; Rural schools; School districts; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Collaboration; Teacher collaboration; Teachers; Teaching; Virtual professional learning communities; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2095794; __finaldtb

TV White Space for Development Programs in the Philippines: Implications and Challenges - Carpio, Marife (2015)

Missing Millions and Measuring Development Progress - Carr-Hill, Roy (World Development, 2013)
In developing countries, assessments of progress toward development goals are based increasingly on household surveys. These are inappropriate for obtaining information about the poorest. Typically, they omit by design: the homeless; those in institutions; and mobile, nomadic, or pastoralist populations. Moreover, in practice, household surveys typically under-represent: those in fragile, disjointed households; slum populations and areas posing security risks. Those six sub-groups constitute a large fraction of the “poorest of the poor”. We estimate that 250 million are missed worldwide from the sampling frames of such surveys and from many censuses and their omission may well lead to substantial biases.
Keywords: accurate population counts; household surveys; inequalities; invisible populations; measurement of poverty; millenium development goals

The effects of school-based decision-making on educational outcomes in low-and middle-income contexts: a systematic review - Carr-Hill, Roy; Rolleston, Caine; Schendel, Rebecca (Campbell Systematic Reviews, 2016)
Keywords: ❓ Multiple DOI

Does Math Achievement h'APP'en when iPads and Game-Based Learning are Incorporated into Fifth-Grade Mathematics Instruction? - Carr, Jennie M (Journal of Information Technology Education, 2012)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Pre-service teacher training in Malawi: findings of a pilot study on the viability of media players for teacher development - Carrier, Carol; Finholt-Daniel, Matt; Sales, Gregory C (International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, 2012)
As part of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID funded Malawi Teacher Professional Development Support project, a sub-task was the piloting of an alternative technology that could be used for improving the quality and consistency of teacher continued professional development (CPD). The pilot, which included 26 open and distance learning (ODL) student teachers, was launched in the spring of 2011 using a low-cost portable MP3 multi-purpose device. A short course on numeracy, containing 5 weekly lessons, was piloted. Each lesson consisted of one or two readings, two videos, and an assignment that directed the learner to complete tasks and document their completion using the camera and audio recorder features of the media player. The viability of using the media player for CPD was evaluated on the ease of use, effectiveness of instruction, and potential for long-term scalability. The evaluation results demonstrated that, with a small amount if initial training, the devices were easy to use and they effectively deliver instruction. Scalability, however, is critical to the long-term success of an initiative based on these or similar devices. An analysis suggests that an affordable option worth considering is the systematic, shared use of media player devices within schools. This approach could dramatically reduce the cost of using this alternative technology for ODL training to pennies per lesson. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
Keywords: Distance learning; Education; Learning; Malawi; Software; Student teachers; Teacher education; Teaching; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2096523; __finaldtb; ⛔ No DOI found

Information Technology and Student Achievement: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Ecuador - Carrillo, Paul E.; Onofa, Mercedes; Ponce, Juan (SSRN Electronic Journal, 2011)

Top 10 lessons learned from implementing remote learning through IVR in Malawi - Carrol, Dr. Bidemi (RTI International, 2020)

Microsoft Airband - Carroon, Lydia (2020)

Sandboxes: Testing the strategy in Malawi - Carter, Alice (EdTech Hub, 2020)
Written by Alice Carter This is the second in this series about our sandboxes. If you haven’t already, read about our approach to experimentation.  Across the Hub, we’re proponents of using our tools and approaches on our own thinking. For innovation, that meant testing the assumptions we were making about how and if the sandboxes …
Keywords: C:Malawi; F:Sandbox; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _zenodoETH

School leaders’ and teachers’ preparedness to support education in Rwanda during the COVID-19 emergency - Carter, Emma; Cortez Ochoa, Artemio Arturo; Leonard, Philip; Nzaramba, Samuel; Rose, Pauline (2022)
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all Rwandan schools were closed in March 2020; they started to reopen in November 2020. To understand the Rwandan schools’ level of preparedness to teach remotely during this unprecedented emergency, and for the eventual return to school, we conducted phone surveys with school leaders and teachers in 298 secondary schools in August 2020. Drawing from knowledge mobilization theory and quantitative data, our results indicate that there were gaps in school leaders’ and teachers’ access to technology and training, a lack of preparedness that could inform policy and practice in future emergencies. Our findings reveal that, before the pandemic, the male teachers in Rwanda had more access than the female teachers to both technological devices and online experience, and that the teachers from well-resourced schools were more likely than teachers from regular schools to own some kind of device to use for teaching. We found that the teachers whose school leaders had received guidance on how to continue education during the school closures were more likely to receive their support. Two additional findings were that younger teachers were more likely than the older ones to support their students during the school closures, and that the school leaders and teachers we surveyed believed that students from low-income families and rural areas benefitted the least from remote learning. These findings indicate that, in Rwanda, the level of preparedness to support schooling during the COVID-19 emergency was negatively affected by preexisting and ongoing inequalities in access to both material and nonmaterial resources.

Sustaining literacy from mother tongue instruction in complementary education into official language of instruction in government schools in Ghana - Carter, Emma; Sabates, Ricardo; Rose, Pauline; Akyeampong, Kwame (International Journal of Educational Development, 2020)

Self-regulated learning in online learning environments: strategies for remote learning - Carter, Jr Richard Allen; Rice, Mary; Yang, Sohyun; Jackson, Haidee A. (Information and Learning Sciences, 2020)
Purpose Many teachers and students in the USA and various parts of the world are migrating some aspects of education online out of necessity. The purpose of this paper is to identify and describe strategies of the self-regulated learning (SRL) framework for K-12 students learning in online environments to support remote learning with online and digital tools during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approach The SRL framework (Zimmerman, 2008) has been used consistently to support students in learning to work independently. This framework highlights three phases: planning, performing and evaluating. Previous research in K-12 online learning has yielded specific strategies that are useful. The paper identified and described the strategies to an audience seeking answers on how to meet the needs of students in online learning environment.Findings The main types of strategies that have emerged from previous studies include asking students to consider how they learn online, providing pacing support, monitoring engagement and supporting families.Originality/value Although the social crisis of COVID-19 is unique, prior research in online learning may be useful for supporting teacher practice and suggesting future research. Developing SRL skills of students will ensure the effectiveness of online learning that the field of education may ultimately focus on in the future.

School’s Out: Now What? - Carvalho, Shelby; Crawfurd, Lee (Center For Global Development, 2020)
Using a newly assembled database, here’s what we found about the scale and timing of school closures, as well as how countries are adjusting to distance learning.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Planning for School Reopening and Recovery After COVID-19 - Carvalho, Shelby; Rossiter, Jack; Angrist, Noam; Hares, Susannah; Silverman, Rachel (Center for Global Development, 2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Planning for School Reopening and Recovery After COVID-19: An Evidence Kit for Policymakers - Carvalho, Shelby; Rossiter, Jack; Angrist, Noam; Hares, Susannah; Silverman, Rachel (Center for Global Development, 2020)

Intentional and logical survey and audience data collection: KoBo Toolbox - Carver, D (The Content Technologist, 2021)
KoBo Toolbox's robust survey platform is free to use for all as a data collection tool, optimized for many devices and environments.

Education Management Information Systems (EMIS) in Latin America and the Caribbean: lessons and challenges - Cassidy, T (Inter-American Development Bank, 2006)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Universal Design for Learning Guidelines version 2.2. - CAST (2018)

Uso de las TIC ́s en el tránsito de lo presencial a lo virtual durante la pandemia del COVID-19: El caso de la Escuela Normal Rural de Zacatecas - Castillo, Alejandro Guadalupe Rincón; Peña, Héctor Hugo Zepeda; Coutiño, Luis Antonio Domínguez
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Edtech and marginalization: scaling for learning equity - Castillo, N. M.; Wagner, D; Alrawashde, G; Moog, C (UNESCO GEM Background paper, 2023)

Trends in Digital Personalized Learning: Landscape Review of Personalized Learning Solutions in Low and Middle-Income Countries. UNICEF Office of Global Insight & Policy. - Castillo, N; Adam, T; Alam, A; Alrawashdeh, G. S.; Tiwari, P (UNICEF Office of Global Insight & Policy., 2022)

Multilingual literacy transfer in rural South Africa: A technology-based impact study - Castillo, N.; Wagner, D.A. (International Review of Education, 2019)

4. Improving the Impact of Educational Technologies on Learning Within Low-Income Contexts - Castillo, Nathan M.; Adam, Taskeen; Haßler, Björn (Learning, Marginalization, and Improving the Quality of Education in Low-income Countries, 2022)

MOOCs for development: trends, challenges, and opportunities - Castillo, Nathan M.; Lee, Jinsol; Zahra, Fatima T.; Wagner, Daniel A. (Information Technologies & International Development, 2015)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

MOOCs for development: trends, challenges, and opportunities - Castillo, Nathan M.; Lee, Jinsol; Zahra, Fatima T.; Wagner, Daniel A. (Information Technologies & International Development, 2015)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Supporting home language reading through technology in rural South Africa - Castillo, Nathan M; Wagner, Daniel A (Journal Articles (Literacy.org), 2018)
This paper describes a short-term longitudinal study in South Africa, with children in grades 1-3, some of whom received a multimedia technology reading support program in one of three home languages and English (through exisiting computer labs in schools). Findings reveal a positive and significant impact on local language reading acquisition among children with multimedia support. The study shows that effective literacy support can help struggling rural learners make significant gains that will help them complete their schooling. The ability to accomplish a full cycle of primary school with fully developed reading skills has significant implications for life-long learning.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Learning, Marginalization, and Improving the Quality of Education in Low-Income Countries - Castillo, Nathan; Adam, Taskeen; Haßler, Björn
Keywords: _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:analysis:nopdf; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

MOOCs for Development: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities - Castillo, Nathan; Lee, Jinsol; Zahra, Fatima; Wagner, Daniel (International Technologies & International Development, 2015)
The recent rise of massive open online courses (MOOCs) has generated significant media attention for their potential to disrupt the traditional modes of education trough ease of access and free or low-cost content delivery. MOOCs offer the potential to enable access to high-quality education to students, even in the most underserved regions of the world. However, much of the excitement surrounding opportunities for MOOCs in non-OECD contexts remains unproven. Challenges with regard to infrastructure, sustainability, and evaluation have disrupted early attempts to expand inclusion for those least educated. Drawing on proceedings from a recent international conference on MOOCs for Development held at the University of Pennsylvania, this report synthesizes trends, challenges, and opportunities within the growing subfield.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate; ⛔ No DOI found

Can Text Message Nudges Improve Academic Outcomes in College? Evidence from a West Virginia Initiative - Castleman, Benjamin; Meyer, Katharine (The Review of Higher Education, 2020)
Although socioeconomic disparities in college enrollment have declined, gaps in college completion persist by income and geography. We investigate a text messaging campaign in West Virginia, which addressed informational barriers and behavioral obstacles to college persistence by providing college students with simplified information, encouragement, and access to individualized advising. Using descriptive and matching methods, we find participating students were more likely to remain enrolled throughout their first year of college, and completed more course credits with suggestive evidence of improved academic performance. This evidence suggests colleges play an important role communicating information about academic expectations, support resources, and norms.

Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment - Cattell, Raymond B. (Journal of Educational Psychology, 1963)
The theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence propounded 20 years ago by the author has since accumulated support. However, the crucial issue of whether 1 or 2 general factors subtend intellectual performances has lacked an experiment adequately designed for accurate, determinate, simple-structure rotation at the 2nd order. By factoring culturally embedded with culture-fair intelligence measures on a background of pure personality primaries (N = 277 7th and 8th grade boys and girls), it is shown that 2 general factors indeed exist. A review, with some mathematical formulations, is given of the theory's implications for the nature-nurture ratio, brain injury, standard deviaiton of the IQ, growth curves, the concept of a relational difficulty hierarchy, test standardization, and the relative validities of traditional and culture-fair intelligence tests. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Cognitive Ability; Fluid Intelligence; Intelligence; crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence; intellectual performances

Understanding the professional learning and support needs of educators during the initial weeks of pandemic school closures through search terms and content use - Cavanaugh, Catherine; DeWeese, Abraham (Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 2020)
Beginning in February and March of 2020, school closures impacted at least 90% of the world’s population of students, according to UNESCO estimates. As educators swiftly shifted to teaching online, they sought information to guide their initial planning and teaching in new environments with new tools. Analysis of educators’ search terms and their use of support content during this period indicates the needs felt by educators globally and informs content and professional development support for preservice educators. The authors compared the volume of searches, frequency of search terms, and patterns of content use during this period to the previous year by educators using an education support website. Re- sults show that site use multiplied six times in volume, use of video increased by 30 times, and among the search terms and content topics used during and prior to this period, focus nar- rowed to digital and distance learning. Implications of these findings are that professional development providers can meet educators’ needs with video and a focus on the specific teaching practices that educators are learning as they transi- tion to distance teaching at an entry level. Keyword
Keywords: Communicable Diseases; Disease Control; Distance Education; Educational Needs; Educational Technology; Faculty Development; Online Courses; Online Searching; Teaching Methods; Technology Uses in Education; Video Technology; Web Sites; ⛔ No DOI found

CBM Digital Accessibility Toolkit - CBM (2018)

CBM Policy on Accessibility - CBM (2018)

Common Core State Standards for English Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects - CCSSO; NGA (National Governors Association Center for Best Practices, Council of Chief State School Officers, 2010)

Schools during the COVID-19 pandemic - CDC (2020)

Gobierno habilita herramienta “Inteligencia Quisqueya” para estudiantes que se preparan para pruebas nacionales - CDN, Redacción (CDN - El Canal de Noticias de los Dominicanos, 2020)
Estableció también que los jóvenes y adultos que lo deseen, podrán cursar a través de la Escuela Radiofónica Santa María estudios básicos y medios.

Nigerian schools: Flogged for speaking my mother tongue - Cecilia Macaulay (BBC News, 2023)
Nigeria wants local languages to replace English in primary education, but some say it's not practical.

International Computer Drivers License (ICDL) - CECS (Community Education Computer Society, 2017)

Interview with the Center for National Distance Learning and Open School on data governance practices within the Ghana Ministry of Education. - CENDLOS (2023)

Education de Base (EDB) Program - Center for Education Innovations

Ghana Reads - Center for Education Innovations
Seeking to improve literacy among elementary level children from low-income families, the Ghana Reads program provides teacher "coaches" that help teachers d...

Senegal Education de Base (EDB) Project - Center for Education Innovations (FHI 360)
The Education de Base (EDB) project improves the quality and governance of the middle school education system in Senegal, working at the national (policy and systems), regional and school levels.

Global Experience with EMIS (unpublished note) - Center for Global Development (Center for Global Development, 2022)
Global Experience with EMIS This brief sets out a review of international practice on Education Management Information Systems (EMIS). High-income Countries High-income countries typically have data systems that are integrated and open. The public may look up individual schools online and see...

MENA Higher Education Pedagogy, Technology and the Refugee Experience - Center for Learning in Practice (2021)

The politics of performance in Punjab - Center for Public Impact (Centre For Public Impact (CPI), 2016)
All government leaders strive for improvements in public services. Systems differ, approaches fluctuate and funding streams vary, but theirs is a shared goal of achieving better services for their citizens. It's how they get re-elected - and how they make a difference.Take Shehbaz Sharif, for example. The chief ministe...

Creating an Analysis Plan - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2013)

How behavior spreads: the science of complex contagions - Centola, Damon (Princeton Analytical Sociology Series, 2018)
"A new, counterintuitive theory for how social networks influence the spread of behavior. New social movements, technologies, and public-health initiatives often struggle to take off, yet many diseases disperse rapidly without issue. Can the lessons learned from the viral diffusion of diseases be used to improve the spread of beneficial behaviors and innovations? In How Behavior Spreads, Damon Centola presents over a decade of original research examining how changes in societal behavior--in voting, health, technology, and finance--occur and the ways social networks can be used to influence how they propagate. Centola's startling findings show that the same conditions accelerating the viral expansion of an epidemic unexpectedly inhibit the spread of behaviors. While it is commonly believed that "weak ties"--long-distance connections linking acquaintances--lead to the quicker spread of behaviors, in fact the exact opposite holds true. Centola demonstrates how the most well-known, intuitive ideas about social networks have caused past diffusion efforts to fail, and how such efforts might succeed in the future. Pioneering the use of Web-based methods to understand how changes in people's social networks alter their behaviors, Centola illustrates the ways in which these insights can be applied to solve countless problems of organizational change, cultural evolution, and social innovation. His findings offer important lessons for public health workers, entrepreneurs, and activists looking to harness networks for social change.Practical and informative, How Behavior Spreads is a must-read for anyone interested in how the theory of social networks can transform our world"--Provided by publisher
Keywords: Human behavior

Government Design Principles - Central Digital and Data Office (GOV.UK, 2019)
The UK government's design principles and examples of how they've been used.

Africa: Tanzania — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency - Central Intelligence Agency (Central Intelligence Agency World Factbook website, 2020)

Nigeria | The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency (2020)

The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency

Central Square Foundation website - Central Square Foundation (2020)

Making EdTech Systematically Reach the Last Mile - Central Square Foundation
When technology first began to be used in schools, it was limited to setting up computer labs to equip students with basic computer skills. Since then, EdTech interventions have evolved from their earlier, more limited avatar. In their current version, they take the form of advanced solutions that are designed to support and enhance teacher-led learning and improve student outcomes.

Resolution No. 29-NQ/TW fundamental and comprehensive innovation in education in Vietnam - Central Steering Committee, Communist Party of Vietnam (2013)
Central Committee Vietnamese Communist Party in Vietnam - Resolution No. 29-NQ/TW fundamental and comprehensive innovation in education in Vietnam

Know Zone - Centre for Education Innovations (2020)

PDIA Toolkit: A DIY Approach to Solving Complex Problems - Centre for International Development (Harvard University, 2018)

Final Report for Evaluation of RTT - Centre for Research and Integrated Development (Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, Zimbabwe); UNESCO Regional Office for Southern Africa; Open Development and Education (OpenDevEd, 2022)

Innovation Fund Graduate: OS City - Cepeda, Jesús (2020)

Education and Learning Materials - CGA Technologies

Sierra Leone Teacher Management Information System (TMIS) - CGA Technologies (CGA Technologies)

Wi De Ya, One Tablet Per School, Sierra Leone - CGA Technologies (2023)

Chinese education authorities to broadcast lessons on television - CGTN (2020)

ChatGPT Pricing, Explained: Plus & Tokens (2024) - Ch, David (Guides.ai, 2023)
ChatGPT Plus costs $20 per month ($23.80/month for EU + UK). The ChatGPT API costs $0.002 for every 1000 tokens.

Equity and Agency in Technology-Supported Teacher Professional Development in Tanzania: Research Instruments Pack - Chachage, Kristeen; Hennessy, Sara; Koomar, Saalim; Swai, Calvin; Massam, Winston; Jacob, Winnie; Anthony, Gervace; Malibiche, Mustafa; Mutura, Emmanuel; Taskeen Adam; Adam, Taskeen; Mwakabungu, Fika; et al. (EdTech Hub, 2025)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: _comingsoon; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

TCPD in Tanzania: Design-Based Implementation Research Cycle 2 Recommendations - Chachage, Kristeen; Koomar, Saalim; Swai, Calvin; Massam, Winston; Hennessy, Sara; Masonda, Jonathan Paskali; Anthony, Gervace; Mrope, Winifrida Jacob; Malibiche, Mustafa; Mutura, Emmanuel; Mtenzi, Frederick; Komba, Aneth; et al. (EdTech Hub, 2024)
MEWAKA (Mafunzo Endelevu kwa Walimu Kazini, or teacher continuous professional development [TCPD]) is a landmark teacher professional development programme being implemented by the Government of Tanzania. The research project, 'The Impact of a Tech-Supported, School-Based TPD Model on Learning Outcomes in Tanzania, using Design-Based Implementation Research (DBIR)', closely aligns with the Tanzania National TCPD implementation plan, to evaluate the implementation of MEWAKA at school level. This policy brief presents a summary of the key findings and recommendations from the second cycle of the DBIR carried out between September and November 2023. Keywords: TCPD; teacher professional development; design-based implementation research; primary education; Tanzania; communities of learningAn output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Assessing the scale-up of a technology-supported, government-led teacher professional development programme in Tanzania: Considering issues of equity, agency, and adaptation, Round 2 Policy Brief - Chachage, Kristeen; Swai, Calvin; Hennessy, Sara; Adam, Taskeen; Koomar, Saalim; Hegwa Paskali, Jonathan; Massam, Winston; Mtenzi, Fredrick; Komba, Anneth; Jacob Mrpoe, Winfrida; Anthony, Gervace; Malibiche, Mustapha; et al. (EdTech Hub, 2025)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: _comingsoon; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Teacher Continuous Professional Development in Tanzania: Lessons Learnt - Chachage, Kristeen; Thakrar, Jay (EdTech Hub, 2023)
This report shares the experience and learning from the activities carried out as part of the Government of Tanzania's efforts to operationalise its National Framework for Teacher Continuous Professional Development (TCPD), which shifts TCPD from discreet workshops to cost-effective, ongoing, school-based professional development. It is among the first of its kind at a national level, particularly in low- and middle-income country contexts. Through a collaborative and responsive approach of adaptive technical assistance and innovation, the EdTech Hub team supported Government of Tanzania partners in developing and implementing a technology-enhanced, school-based, national TCPD system. This report begins with an overview of the activities implemented and then consolidates reflection through nine lessons learnt that could help inform current and future thinking on the design, delivery, and funding of TCPD programming in Tanzania. The TCPD reflected in this report is specific to Tanzania's teaching and learning environment. While we recognise that environments can vary widely, even between countries with similar goals and objectives, the report also seeks to contribute to any current and future analyses that collate features of effective TCPD from around the world. Keywords: teacher professional development; teacher training; technology; learning management system; communities of learning; teacher needs assessment; An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Timor-Leste: Policy insights from a multi-year teaching and learning study series - Chainey, Jennie; Cassity, Elizabeth (Australian Council for Educational Research, 2021)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Eastern and Southern Africa Region Working Paper – Structured Pedagogy: For Real-Time Equitable Improvements in Learning Outcomes - Chakera, Shiraz; Haffner, Deborah; Harrop, Elizabeth (UNICEF, 2020)

Learner engagement strategies in online class environment - Chakraborty, Misha (Texas A&M University, 2017)

Summary of the CCM election manifesto 2020-2025 - Chama Cha Mapinduzi (Chama Cha Mapinduzi, 2020)

Whose Reality Counts?: Putting the first last - Chambers, Robert (Practical Action Publishing, 1999)
In this sequel to Rural Development: Putting the last first Robert Chambers argues that central issues in development have been overlooked, and that many past errors have flowed from domination by those with power. Through analysing experience - of past mistakes and myths, and of the continuing methodological revolution of PRA (participatory rural appraisal) - the author points towards solutions. In many countries, urban and rural people alike have shown an astonishing ability to express and analyse their local, complex and diverse realities which are often at odds with the top-down realities imposed by professionals. The author argues that personal, professional and institutional change is essential if the realities of the poor are to receive greater recognition. Whose Reality Counts? presents a radical challenge to all concerned with development, whether practitioners, researchers or policy-makers, in all organizations and disciplines, and at all levels from fieldworkers to the heads of agencies.This is a thought-provoking book and it would interest all those concerned with the realities of the poor in the developing world.

Towards the development of mobile learning model for Tanzania secondary schools: Case study Kilimanjaro region - Chambo, F. F.; Laizer, L. S.; Nkansah-Gyekye, Y.; Ndume, V. (2013 Pan African International Conference on Information Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT), 2013)
This paper explores the factors that influence the implementation of m-learning and proposes a model for implementing m-learning in Tanzania. The study was conducted in ten secondary schools in the Kilimanjaro region in Tanzania. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques were used to determine students majoring in science subjects. Findings indicate that majority of students own mobile phones and have access to the Internet connectivity. However, m-learning platforms that are currently in place are not viable solution in all contexts and not necessarily the best solution. Therefore, the design of m-learning content should focus on learning profile and personal needs such as location and affordability. A framework that considers four factors: user satisfaction, pedagogy, technology, and economy of use are proposed for Tanzanian context. It is concluded that education stakeholders should consider the opportunities of technology in education in order to boost knowledge sharing among students.
Keywords: Computational modeling; Context modeling; Educational institutions; Internet; Internet connectivity; Interoperability; Kilimanjaro region; Learning Science; M-Learning; Materials; Mobile handsets; Secondary School; Tanzania secondary school; computer aided instruction; economy of use; education stakeholder; emerging technology; knowledge sharing; m-learning; mobile learning; mobile learning model; mobile phone; pedagogy; sampling methods; sampling technique; science subject; user satisfaction

Inclusive education in an international school: A case study from Hong Kong - Chan, T.; Yuen, Mantak (International Journal of Special Education, 2015)
This case study provides an overview of current policy, practices and problems concerning inclusion in one international secondary school in Hong Kong. A total of 13 interviews were conducted with the school management team, teachers, students and parents, supplemented by 12 classroom observations and two ‘student-shadowing’ exercises. Findings suggest that the school has been reasonably successful in raising teachers’ awareness of inclusive education principles, creating a whole-school culture of inclusiveness, and forming a partnership with parents. However, the commitment of individual teachers to implementation of inclusive practices in their own classrooms varies. Some teachers are not adaptive enough in their teaching approach, and have difficulties differentiating instruction and learning activities. Improvements are also needed in the way that teachers work with their education assistants (classroom aides). Implications for improvement are discussed. © 2015, International Journal of Special Education. All rights reserved.

A proposal for open educational resource adoption through a curriculum alignment hub - Chandra, Shivi (EdTech Hub, 2020)
In 2020, EdTech Hub began a collaboration with Learning Equality, a nonprofit organisation supporting the creation, adaptation, and distribution of Open Educational Resources (OER) in disconnected environments. The following post by Learning Equality’s Global Curriculum Specialist, Shivi Chandra, explores how individual efforts to address some of the challenges in adopting OER could become more powerful, receive recognition, and build upon…
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _zenodoETH

Why the World Needs a Curriculum Alignment Hub - Chandra, Shivi (Learning Equality, 2020)
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:not_indexed; _MELA_seen; _cover:image; _r:CopiedFromEvLib; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; _zenodoETH:submitted

Equitable learning with ICT: study of an intervention at scale for underserved students in India - Chandran, M.G.; Sarangapani, P. (Comparative and International Education Society 65th Annual Meeting, 2021)

Adolescent problematic internet use and parental mediation: A Bangladeshi structured interview study - Chandrima, Rubaiya Matin; Kircaburun, Kagan; Kabir, Humyon; Riaz, Baizid Khoorshid; Kuss, Daria J.; Griffiths, Mark D.; Mamun, Mohammed A. (Addictive Behaviors Reports, 2020)
Internet-related problems such as excessive internet use, problematic internet use (PIU), and internet addiction, are becoming increasingly studied among Bangladeshi adult students, but there has been little research among adolescents. In Bangladesh, there has been no research examining the role of parental mediation in their children's internet use. Therefore, the present structured interview study investigated Bangladeshi adolescent PIU and its associated socio-demographics, internet use behaviors, and the parental mediation role among 350 high school students residing in Dhaka. The results showed that 84 of adolescents (24.0%) were classified as having PIU (cut-off score of ≥ 50 on the Internet Addiction Test) and nine adolescents (2.6%) were classified as having a severe dependency on the internet (cut-off score of >80 on the Internet Addiction Test). According to hierarchical regression analysis, significant PIU correlates included lower academic results, both parents' lower education, mother working outside the home, more than four days' weekly internet use, more than two hours daily internet use, and active mediation. Additionally, internet use behaviors (i.e., internet use locations, devices, purposes, and applications) and parental internet mediation dimensions other than active mediation (i.e., restrictive mediation, active mediation internet safety, monitoring, and technical mediation) were significantly related to PIU in t-tests and correlation analysis respectively. However, they were non-significant in the hierarchical regression analysis when included into equation altogether. The present study's findings will be helpful in developing country-level policymaking decisions and facilitating future research in the country.
Keywords: Bangladeshi adolescence; Internet addiction; Internet use behaviors; Parental mediation; Problematic internet use

Pre-pilot findings on developing a literacy tablet - Chang, Angela; Nunez, David; Roberts, Tom; Sengeh, David; Breazeal, Cynthia (ACM, 2013)

Lean Impact: How to Innovate for Radically Greater Social Good - Chang, Ann Mei (Wiley, 2018)
Despite enormous investments of time and money, are we making a dent on the social and environmental challenges of our time? What if we could exponentially increase our impact? Around the world, a new generation is looking beyond greater profits, for meaningful purpose. But, unlike business, few social interventions have achieved significant impact at scale. Inspired by the modern innovation practices popularized by bestseller The Lean Startup that have fueled technology breakthroughs touching every aspect of our lives, LEAN IMPACT turns our attention to a new goal--achieving radically greater social good.  Social change is far more complicated than building a new app. It requires more listening, more care, and more stakeholders. To make a lasting difference, solutions must be embraced by beneficiaries, address root causes, and include an engine that can accelerate growth to reach the scale of the needs. Lean Impact offers bold ideas to reach audacious goals through customer insight, rapid experimentation and iteration, and a relentless pursuit of impact. Ann Mei Chang brings a unique perspective from across sectors, from her years as a Silicon Valley executive to her most recent experience as Chief Innovation Officer at USAID. She brings the book to life with inspiring stories from interviews spanning more than 200 organizations across the U.S. and around the world. Whether you are a nonprofit, social enterprise, triple bottom line company, foundation, government agency, philanthropist, impact investor, or simply donate your time and money, Lean Impact is an essential guide to maximizing social impact and scale.

The Internal and External Validity of the Regression Discontinuity Design: A Meta-Analysis of 15 Within-Study Comparisons - Chaplin, Duncan D.; Cook, Thomas D.; Zurovac, Jelena; Coopersmith, Jared S.; Finucane, Mariel M.; Vollmer, Lauren N.; Morris, Rebecca E. (Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 2018)
Theory predicts that regression discontinuity (RD) provides valid causal inference at the cutoff score that determines treatment assignment. One purpose of this paper is to test RD's internal validity across 15 studies. Each of them assesses the correspondence between causal estimates from an RD study and a randomized control trial (RCT) when the estimates are made at the same cutoff point where they should not differ asymptotically. However, statistical error, imperfect design implementation, and a plethora of different possible analysis options, mean that they might nonetheless differ. We test whether they do, assuming that the bias potential is greater with RDs than RCTs. A second purpose of this paper is to investigate the external validity of RD by exploring how the size of the bias estimates varies across the 15 studies, for they differ in their settings, interventions, analyses, and implementation details. Both Bayesian and frequentist meta-analysis methods show that the RD bias is below 0.01 standard deviations on average, indicating RD's high internal validity. When the study-specific estimates are shrunken to capitalize on the information the other studies provide, all the RD causal estimates fall within 0.07 standard deviations of their RCT counterparts, now indicating high external validity. With unshrunken estimates, the mean RD bias is still essentially zero, but the distribution of RD bias estimates is less tight, especially with smaller samples and when parametric RD analyses are used.

Meeting them where they are: The use of Twitter in youth civic education - Chapman, A L (2019)

Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 1998–99 (ECLS) correct theta scores for the kindergarten through eighth grade data collections errata - Chapman, Chris (National Center for Education Statistics, 2010)
Find information about and locate all publications and data products on education information from the National Center for Education Statistics--NCES--. In most cases you may also browse the content of publications or download data files.

Handbook of the Psychology of Aging (Eighth Edition) - Charness, Neil; Boot, Walter R (Elsevier, 2016)
We review recent data and theory about technology adoption and acceptance by older adults, focusing on information and communications technology (ICT), digital gaming, and social networking sites. Representative data in developed countries indicate that older adult cohorts lag in ICT use, including Internet use, despite apparent benefits that some products may provide. The lag is particularly noticeable in digital gaming and social networking. Theories of technology acceptance and adoption suggest that this lag may be attributable to cost–benefit factors such as perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Other factors that may differentially affect older cohorts are concerns about privacy loss as well as cognitive, perceptual and psychomotor costs. The accelerating digital provision of services may disadvantage non-participating seniors. Those who design ICT products and their training and support packages could benefit from improved theories of ICT adoption and supporting tools to produce usable and useful products for seniors.

Research with, not about, communities — Ethical guidance towards empowerment in collaborative research, a report for the TRUST Project - Chatfield, Kate; Biernacki, Olivia; Schroeder, Doris; Cavallaro, Francesca; Cook, Julie; N’Diaye, Dieynaba; Bompart, Francois; Chennells, Roger; Toohey, Jacintha; Wynberg, Rachel; van Niekirk, Jaci; Ait, Myriam (TRUST, 2018)

Des manuels scolaires sur mesure: Guide pratique à l'intention des auteurs de manuels scolaires - Chatry-Komarek, Marie (Des manuels scolaires sur mesure, 1994)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Langue et éducation en Afrique: enseigner à lire et écrire en langue maternelle - Chatry-Komarek, Marie (Langue et éducation en Afrique, 2005)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Langues africaines: vers une édition scolaire: à propos d'un programme de formation pour auteurs de manuels scolaires - Chatry-Komarek, Marie (Langues africaines, 1997)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Education for all in the time of COVID-19: how EdTech can be part of the solution - Chebib, Kinda (GSMA, 2020)

In-depth Analysis: EU support for access to quality education in Sub-Saharan Africa - Chelpi-Den Hamer, Magali (European Parliament, European Union, 2024)
This in-depth analysis considers different European Union (EU) programmes that support access to quality education in Sub-Saharan Africa, from the perspectives of both development cooperation and humanitarian aid. It investigates how these programmes currently meet the needs of developing countries in Sub-Saharan Africa and where there are still gaps, noting particularly the role of local partners in this support system. The EU has been complying with its commitment to spend 10 % of humanitarian funding on education in emergencies since 2019. In percentage terms, the EU is the only donor doing so to date. The same commitment has been made for development aid in 2020 with the pledge to dedicate 10 % of the EU development budget to educational activities. This has brought light to the EU’s role in supporting the development of human capital in the Global South, with a specific focus on SubSaharan Africa.

Scaling Up Early Grade Reading in Senegal - Chemonics International
Over the last two decades, Senegal has made notable progress toward increasing the number of children who enroll in and complete primary school. Now, the government is pursuing nationwide reform to ensure the quality of classroom instruction is high and inspire families and communities to become involved in helping children learn. USAID/Lecture Pour Tous is […]

Relationship between Teacher - Educator Characteristics and the Integration of Information and Communication Technologies in Teaching and Learning in Teacher Education Institutions in Kenya - Chemwei, B.; Kiboss, J.; Njag, Kageni (undefined, 2016)
It is a government policy that all institutions of learning in Kenya, across the curricula embrace Information Communication Technology (ICT) as the world moves towards knowledge based economy. The evidence in literature reveals positive effects of information and communication technology in instruction. But teachers have a challenging task in integrating the tools of ICT in teaching especially those teacher educators not quite exposed to technology. This is because so many factors influence ICT integration. In this paper, we explore the the relationship between teacher-educators’ age, gender, level of education, and teaching experience and the integration level of ICTs in teaching in primary teacher training colleges in Kenya. The simple random sampling technique was used to select six teacher training colleges in Kenya and 169 respondents who participated in the study. Data was collected using a questionnaire, an interview schedule and an observation schedule. The data collected was analyzed descriptively with the help of SPSS program version 17.0 for frequencies, means, standard deviation and percentages. The inferential statistics used to determine relationships among variables was the Pearson moment Correlation. Regression analysis was used to determine the best predictors of ICT integration among the independent variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was interpreted as significant. Results indicated that there is a significant relationship between teacher-educators’ level of ICT integration in teaching and their age. However, the findings showed no relationships between teacher educators’ level of ICT integration in teaching and gender as well as their level of education. Teacher-educators’ years of teaching are insignificant in explaining teachereducators’ integration ICT in teaching. Based on the findings, we recommended that information and communication integration be made part of undergraduate training in universities in order to equip future teacher educators with ICT skills; planning for the implementation of ICT integration into teaching in teachers’ training programmes early would increase the pre-service teachers’ expertise and lead to an increase in the level of ICT integration during the earlier years of their careers. There is also need to hire young teacher-educators to the field, especially female teachers. This would also increase the representation of the female perspective toward the improvement of the level of ICT integration into teaching.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate; ⛔ No DOI found

General system theory: Toward a conceptual framework for science and technology education for all - Chen, David; Stroup, Walter (Journal of Science Education and Technology, 1993)
In this paper we suggest using general system theory (GST) as a unifying theoretical framework for science and technology education for all. Five reasons are articulated: the multidisciplinary nature of systems theory, the ability to engage complexity, the capacity to describe system dynamics and change, the ability to represent the relationship between the micro-level and macro-level of analysis, and the ability to bring together the natural and human worlds. The historical origins of system ideas are described, and the major concepts of system theory are mapped; including the mathematical, technological, and philosophical constructs. The various efforts to implement system thinking in educational contexts are reviewed, and three kinds of learning environments are defined: expert presentation, simulation, and real-world. A broad research agenda for exploring and drawing-out the educational implications of system thinking and learning is outlined. The study of both real-world and simulated learning environments is advocated.

What is the systems approach? - Chen, Gordon KC (Interfaces, 1975)
Keywords: __C:scheme:1

ASEAN and Member States: Transformation and Integration - Chen, Lurong; Intal, Ponciano (2017)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Ed tech, long overhyped, missed its moment amid COVID-19. What now? - Cheney, Catherine (Devex, 2021)
Devex speaks with the experts about how low-cost education technology might ensure more equitable access to remote learning during the pandemic and in any future disruptions to schooling.

The problematic concept of native speaker in psycholinguistics: Replacing vague and harmful terminology with inclusive and accurate measures. - Cheng, Lauretta S. P.; Burgess, Danielle; Vernooij, Natasha; Solís-Barroso, Cecilia; McDermott, Ashley; Namboodiripad, Savithry (Frontiers in Psychology, 2021)
Though the term NATIVE SPEAKER/SIGNER is frequently used in language research, it is inconsistently conceptualized. Factors, such as age, order, and context of acquisition, in addition to social/cultural identity, are often differentially conflated. While the ambiguity and harmful consequences of the term NATIVE SPEAKER have been problematized across disciplines, much of this literature attempts to repurpose the term in order to include and/or exclude certain populations. This paper problematizes NATIVE SPEAKER within psycholinguistics, arguing that the term is both unhelpful to rigorous theory construction and harmful to marginalized populations by reproducing normative assumptions about behavior, experience, and identity. We propose that language researchers avoid NATIVE SPEAKER altogether, and we suggest alternate ways of characterizing language experience/use. The vagueness of NATIVE SPEAKER can create problems in research design (e.g., through systematically excluding certain populations), recruitment (as participants’ definitions might diverge from researchers’), and analysis (by distilling continuous factors into under-specified binary categories). This can result in barriers to cross-study comparison, which is particularly concerning for theory construction and replicability. From a research ethics perspective, it matters how participants are characterized and included: Excluding participants based on binary/essentialist conceptualizations of nativeness upholds deficit perspectives toward multilingualism and non-hegemonic modes of language acquisition. Finally, by implicitly assuming the existence of a critical period, NATIVE SPEAKER brings with it theoretical baggage which not all researchers may want to carry. Given the issues above and how ‘nativeness’ is racialized (particularly in European and North American contexts), we ask that researchers consider carefully whether exclusion of marginalized/minoritized populations is necessary or justified—particularly when NATIVE SPEAKER is used only as a way to achieve linguistic homogeneity. Instead, we urge psycholinguists to explicitly state the specific axes traditionally implied by NATIVENESS that they wish to target. We outline several of these (e.g., order of acquisition, allegiance, and comfort with providing intuitions) and give examples of how to recruit and describe participants while eschewing NATIVE SPEAKER. Shifting away from harmful conventions, such as NATIVE SPEAKER, will not only improve research design and analysis, but also is one way we can co-create a more just and inclusive field.

Deconstructing EdTech frameworks based on their creators, features, and usefulness - Cherner, Todd; Mitchell, Chyrstine (Learning, Media and Technology, 2020)
Several theoretical frameworks have been released in recent years to inform how educational technology (edtech) can be used in the classroom. These frameworks range from providing a holistic view of the role edtech plays in education at a macrolevel to analyzing how edtech is used by students and teachers. With a growing number of them now available, researchers have yet to systemically collect and analyze a set of these frameworks, which can result in edtech not being used effectively by practitioners and researchers alike. In response, this study employed a content analysis methodology to analyze nine frameworks designed for using edtech. This study will report its findings regarding the creators of these frameworks, features used to draw attention to the frameworks, and which frameworks key stakeholders may find most useful. To conclude, implications for contextualizing these frameworks within the EdTech Ecosystem will be offered along with critical considerations for practitioners and researchers to use when selecting edtech frameworks for their work.
Keywords: Critical Media Literacy; EdTech; Frameworks

Chesterton Tablet Learning Scheme - Evaluation Report - Chesterton Community College (2014)

The effectiveness of educational technology applications for enhancing mathematics achievement in K–12 classrooms: A meta-analysis - Cheung, Alan C. K.; Slavin, Robert E. (Educational Research Review, 2013)
The present review examines research on the effects of educational technology applications on mathematics achievement in K-12 classrooms. Unlike previous reviews, this review applies consistent inclusion standards to focus on studies that met high methodological standards. In addition, methodological and substantive features of the studies are investigated to examine the relationship between educational technology applications and study features. A total of 74 qualified studies were included in our final analysis with a total sample size of 56,886 K-12 students: 45 elementary studies (N=31,555) and 29 secondary studies (N=25,331). Consistent with the more recent reviews, the findings suggest that educational technology applications generally produced a positive, though modest, effect (ES=+0.15) in comparison to traditional methods. However, the effects may vary by educational technology type. Among the three types of educational technology applications, supplemental CAI had the largest effect with an effect size of +0.18. The other two interventions, computer-management learning and comprehensive programs, had a much smaller effect size, +0.08 and +0.07, respectively. Differential impacts by various study and methodological features are also discussed.
Keywords: Educational technology applications; K-12; Mathematics achievement; Meta-analysis

Edutainment Radio, Women’s Status and Primary School Participation: Evidence from Cambodia - Cheung, Maria (2012)
This paper explores the eﬀect of being exposed to education-entertainment (“edutaiment”) gender-related radio information on women’s status and primary school participation. Speciﬁcally, I examine one of the most popular radio stations in Cambodia using two identiﬁcation strategies. The ﬁrst exploits plausible exogenous variation in over-the-air signal strength between radio transmitters and villages within a district. The second exploits the variation across time and space in exposure. Using individual data, both approaches show that access to both entertaining and educating information about gender issues had a signiﬁcant impact on behavior by raising the women’s decision-making power within the household and increasing children’s primary school attendance. The impact was found in both poor and rural households conﬁrming that en radio broadcast is an eﬀective way to transmit information in the more marginalized areas. Suggestive evidence shows that the exposure also aﬀected attitudes towards domestic violence and the prevalence of son preference which is a stepping stone towards changing socially constructed gender norms. The eﬀect on investing in children’s human capital is also reﬂected by higher primary school enrollment three years after exposure.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Home Literacy and Numeracy Environments in Asia - Cheung, Sum Kwing; Dulay, Katrina May; Yang, Xiujie; Mohseni, Fateme; McBride, Catherine (Frontiers in Psychology, 2021)
The home learning environment includes what parents do to stimulate children’s literacy and numeracy skills at home and their overall beliefs and attitudes about children’s learning. The home literacy and numeracy environments are two of the most widely discussed aspects of the home learning environment, and past studies have identified how socioeconomic status and parents’ own abilities and interest in these domains also play a part in shaping children’s learning experiences. However, these studies are mostly from the West, and there has been little focus on the situation of homes in Asia, which captures a large geographical area and a wide diversity of social, ethnic, and linguistic groups. Therefore, this paper aims to review extant studies on the home literacy and numeracy environments that have been conducted in different parts of Asia, such as China, the Philippines, India, Iran, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates. Specifically, we explore how parents in these places perceive their roles in children’s early literacy and numeracy development, the methods they regard as effective for promoting young children’s literacy and numeracy learning, and the frequency with which they engage their young children in different types of home literacy and numeracy activities. We also examine studies on the relationship of the home literacy and numeracy environment with young children’s developmental outcomes, and the effectiveness of parent training programs to improve the home literacy and numeracy environments in these contexts. By examining potential trends in findings obtained in different geographical areas, we can initially determine whether there are characteristics that are potentially unique to contexts in Asia. We propose future research directions that acknowledge the role of cultural values and social factors in shaping the home learning environment, and, by extension, in facilitating children’s early literacy and numeracy development.

Women punching above their weight in mobile reading - Chew, H.E.; West, M. (UNESCO Mobile Learning Week, 2015)

What do we know about Dyslexia in Our Learners - Chiao-Yi, Wu (National Institute of Education (NIE), 2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Teacher education for realities of 21st century learners in rural South Africa - Chigona, A.; Chigona, W. (Human learning in the digital era, 2019)

Bangladesh: flexible learning for slum dwelling children - Children on the Edge (Children on the Edge)
Together with our partner MUKTI, we support nine Community Schools specifically set up to help working children in the Cox’s Bazar beach area.

Responding to emergencies - Children, Save the (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Evaluation of the Transformative Potential of Positive Gender Socialization in Education for Peace Building. - Chinen, Marjorie; Elmeski, Mohammed (2016 Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness Conference, 2016)
American Institutes for Research (AIR) is conducting an impact evaluation of The United Nations Children's Emergency Fund's (UNICEF's) teacher-training program and reinforcing text messages that aim to provide meaningful knowledge regarding the transformative potential of positive gender socialization in education for peace building in the region of Karamoja, Uganda. The impact evaluation assesses the effects of the teacher-training program, with an emphasis on gender socialization, on teachers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerned with gender equity, and positive gender socialization. The authors implemented a mixed-methods research design for the impact evaluation, using quantitative and qualitative methods. They compared the outcomes of interest among the teachers who benefit from the program with the outcomes of interest of comparable teachers in different schools who do not benefit from the program. The impact evaluation is based on an eight-month intervention, with baseline data collected in March 2015 and endline data collected in November 2015. One hundred five schools from eight Coordinating Centre Tutors (CCTs) located in the districts of Abim, Kaabong, and Napak are participating in the study, with a third of the schools receiving the training plus reinforcing text messages (the "complete intervention" group), another third receiving the teacher training only (the "limited intervention" group), and the other third not receiving any of the interventions (the control or "business as usual" group). A total of 916 teachers working in the 105 schools at the time of baseline data collection were surveyed. Provided that the various stakeholders respond in the manner anticipated, the trainings--and potentially the active teacher support and engagement delivered using the mobile SMS platform--should lead to a set of initial effects or intermediate outcomes. Tables and figures are appended.
Keywords: Comparative Analysis; ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE); Educational Practices; Elementary Education; Elementary School Teachers; Foreign Countries; Inservice Teacher Education; Intervention; Mixed Methods Research; Outcome Measures; Peace; Program Effectiveness; Randomized Controlled Trials; Sex Fairness; Socialization; Synchronous Communication; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Characteristics; Telecommunications; Uganda; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2097972; ___working_potential_duplicate; __finaldtb; ⛔ No DOI found

Evaluation of the transformative potential of positive gender socialization in education for peace building - Chinen, Marjorie; Elmeski, Mohammed (Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2016)
American Institutes for Research (AIR) is conducting an impact evaluation of The United Nations Children's Emergency Fund's (UNICEF's) teacher-training program and reinforcing text messages that aim to provide meaningful knowledge regarding the transformative potential of positive gender socialization in education for peace building in the region of Karamoja, Uganda. The impact evaluation assesses the effects of the teacher-training program, with an emphasis on gender socialization, on teachers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerned with gender equity, and positive gender socialization. The authors implemented a mixed-methods research design for the impact evaluation, using quantitative and qualitative methods. They compared the outcomes of interest among the teachers who benefit from the program with the outcomes of interest of comparable teachers in different schools who do not benefit from the program. The impact evaluation is based on an eight-month intervention, with baseline data collected in March 2015 and endline data collected in November 2015. One hundred five schools from eight Coordinating Centre Tutors (CCTs) located in the districts of Abim, Kaabong, and Napak are participating in the study, with a third of the schools receiving the training plus reinforcing text messages (the "complete intervention" group), another third receiving the teacher training only (the "limited intervention" group), and the other third not receiving any of the interventions (the control or "business as usual" group). A total of 916 teachers working in the 105 schools at the time of baseline data collection were surveyed. Provided that the various stakeholders respond in the manner anticipated, the trainings--and potentially the active teacher support and engagement delivered using the mobile SMS platform--should lead to a set of initial effects or intermediate outcomes. Tables and figures are appended.
Keywords: Comparative Analysis; ERIC, Resources in Education (RIE); Educational Practices; Elementary Education; Elementary School Teachers; Foreign Countries; Inservice Teacher Education; Intervention; Mixed Methods Research; Outcome Measures; Peace; Program Effectiveness; Randomized Controlled Trials; Sex Fairness; Socialization; Synchronous Communication; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Characteristics; Telecommunications; Uganda; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2097972; __finaldtb

Using virtual reality to help teachers better support refugee students - Chinen, Marjorie; Oviedo, Ana María (2022)
Virtual reality (VR) offers teachers and school administrators opportunities to foster empathy and cohesion with refugee students, as is already happening through a World Bank-supported project in Türkiye.

Educate! RCT 4-Year Follow-On (Interpretation Memo) - Chioda, L; Gertler, L; Gertler, P (2019)
Follow-up to a Randomized Controlled Trial which measured impact on students 4 years after completing the Educate! programme

Leaving no-one behind: Improving climate change and entrepreneurship education in sub-Saharan Africa through E-learning and innovative governance systems - Chirambo, Dumisani (Climate Literacy and Innovations in Climate Change Education: Distance Learning for Sustainable Development, 2018)
Poverty and climate change vulnerability is increasing in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) because the region lacks education and skills development facilities, and sustainable governance systems. Arguably, mainstreaming climate literacy in secondary schools through Information and Communications Technology (ICT) modalities can promote sustainable development and climate change resilience by providing early opportunities for the youth to gain knowledge and awareness of the behavioral and cultural changes that may foster improved climate change resilience. Through an inductive analysis based on research articles, case studies, policy briefs, and academic literature reviews, this chapter sought to highlight emerging ICT learning contexts in SSA as a means to determine the extent to which ICT may be used to promote climate change and sustainable development education in secondary schools. The chapter showed that climate literacy at secondary schools was being constrained by a lack of climate change education material and content on existing ICT learning platforms; and a lack of innovative governance systems to support governments in delivering climate literacy content to secondary schools and the youth. Consequently, to “leave no-one behind” requires non-state actors to develop and utilise innovative governance systems and digital climate literacy material that can complement government efforts to mainstream climate literacy at secondary schools.

Access and use of internet in teaching and learning at two selected teachers’ colleges in Tanzania - Chirwa, Mussa (International Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology (IJEDICT), 2018)
Recently, the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) is inevitable especially in improving education system. It is on the basis of this reality that this paper investigated access and use of Internet in teaching and learning in teachers’ colleges (TCs), basing on two selected colleges in Tanzania. The results indicate that the majority (83.2%) of respondents used the Internet for academic purposes, 61.3% used it for searching news and 50% for communication, slightly more than a half (52%) of the respondents were using Internet for games and entertainments while only (43%) used it for social network. However, the frequency of using internet for academic purposes is not convincing as only 12.5% of the respondents used it daily. There is also limited access to internet and ICT facilities in these teachers’ colleges in Tanzania. It is therefore, concluded that the parent ministry in co-operation with college principals should improve Internet access and use in TCs by ensuring that there is good access to ICT facilities that offers internet services, tutors are well trained on ICTs basics and information literacy, and that the ratio of tutors and student-teachers to computers and other ICTs available in their colleges is improved.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Teachers’ Perceptions of Adopting Information and Communication Technologies in Teaching and Learning at Rural Secondary Schools in Eastern Cape, South Africa - Chisango, Grasia; Newlin Marongwe; Mtsi, Nomxolisi; Matyedi, Thembisile E (Africa Education Review, 2020)
There is an increasing global call to adopt information and communication technologies (ICTs) in teaching and learning. ICTs have become so essential that the South African government has introduced the e-education policy. ICTs are powerful enabling tools that play a significant role in the teaching and learning process. This article reports on a study that sought to explore teachers’ perceptions of adopting ICTs in teaching and learning at some secondary schools in Eastern Cape, South Africa. The purposive sampling technique was used to identify three secondary schools and five study participants from each school. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions. A thematic approach was adopted to analyse and present the collected data. The study found that the teachers had a positive attitude towards the adoption of technologies and were ready to integrate ICTs in teaching and learning but they lacked the requisite ICT skills. The article concludes that ICT is an important vehicle in education, and further recommends the training of both teachers and learners in ICT usage.
Keywords: Communication technology; Communications technology; Curriculum development; Education policy; Education--Higher Education; Information technology; Learning; Pedagogy; Perceptions; Positive thought; Rural communities; Secondary schools; South Africa; Teachers; Teaching; curriculum interpretation; intervention strategies; pedagogy; professional development; support

Enhancing the EdTech Ecosystem in a British Columbia School District - Chisholm, Suzanne J
Technology has brought significant opportunities to education, but they are largely being lost. In many cases, spending on educational technology (EdTech) has not resulted in improved student outcomes. This Organizational Improvement Plan (OIP) addresses the problem of practice (PoP) of a lack of a framework and supports for K-12 teachers to effectively utilize EdTech in classrooms in the Canadian province of British Columbia (BC). Using a BC school district as a case study, I propose strategies for how leaders can craft and implement a change plan to enhance an EdTech ecosystem that best supports teachers and learners. Establishing a framework for effective use of EdTech in schools is complex and multifaceted. Investments in technology must support best pedagogical practices, and leaders must create conditions that boost teachers’ Technological, Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK; Mishra & Koehler, 2006). Leaders must adapt to shifting power dynamics in which teachers have new roles as emergent leaders. Optimizing the impact of EdTech in education requires a confluence of three key factors: technology, pedagogy, and excellent leadership. The change process must be iterative, ongoing, stakeholder-driven, and system-wide. This OIP blends Appreciative Inquiry (Cooperrider, 1986) principles with servant leadership (Greenleaf, 1970) and incorporates the district’s existing approaches into a hybrid transformational leadership model. I explore a three-pronged solution of EdTech capacity building for teachers, an EdTech vetting system, and a supportive leadership framework. This aims to raise TPACK, optimize EdTech usage, support wise pedagogy, and improve student outcomes.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Applying the self-determination theory (SDT) to explain student engagement in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic - Chiu, Thomas K. F. (Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2022)
During school closures forced by the COVID-19 pandemic, remote/online learning has been adopted to help students continue to learn. Student engagement, which is energized by motivation as explained by self-determination theory (SDT), is a prerequisite for learning. Therefore, this study investigated how the three perceived psychological needs in SDT affected student engagement in online learning using pre- and post-questionnaires completed by 1201 Grade 8 and 9 students within 6 weeks of partaking in online learning. The results suggested that digital support strategies better satisfied students’ needs, that all of the needs were predictors of the level of engagement, and that relatedness support was very important.
Keywords: K-12 education; Online learning; pandemic; self-determination theory; student engagement

“Urban slum education”: a case study of children’s experience in Jakarta - Cho, InJung (Comparative International & Education Society (CIES), 2020)

Overcoming barriers to distance training and educatio - Cho, Soomyung; Berge, Zane (USDLA Journal, 2002)
PDF | When people within an organization plan for using distance training and education, there are several barriers to their efforts that they are... | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate

Toward a field of intersectionality studies: Theory, applications, and praxis - Cho, Sumi; Crenshaw, Kimberlé Williams; McCall, Leslie (Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 2013)

Are LLMs Useful in the Poorest Schools? TheTeacher.AI in Sierra Leone - Choi, Jun Ho; Garrod, Oliver; Atherton, Paul; Joyce-Gibbons, Andrew; Mason-Sesay, Miriam; Björkegren, Daniel (arXiv, 2024)
Education systems in developing countries have few resources to serve large, poor populations. How might generative AI integrate into classrooms? This paper introduces an AI chatbot designed to assist teachers in Sierra Leone with professional development to improve their instruction. We describe initial findings from early implementation across 122 schools and 193 teachers, and analyze its use with qualitative observations and by analyzing queries. Teachers use the system for lesson planning, classroom management, and subject matter. Usage is sustained over the school year, and a subset of teachers use the system more regularly. We draw conclusions from these findings about how generative AI systems can be integrated into school systems in low income countries.
Keywords: Computer Science - Computers and Society

#LearningNeverStops(?): A teacher and refugee student’s reflections on Covid-19 school closures in Lebanon | INEE - Chopra, Vidur; Talhouk, Joumana (Inter-agency Network for Educatio in Emergencies, 2020)

CC search, initial accessibility improvements - Choudhary, Ayan (CC Open Source Blog, 2020)
These are the seventh and eighth weeks of my internship with CC. I am working on improving the accessibility of cc-search and internationalizing it as well. This post contains details of my work done to make initial accessibility improvements to homepage and the other static pages.

Poverty and violence in Korail slum in Dhaka - Choudhoury, Zahid ul Arefin; Durrat, Fahima; Hussain, Maria; Alam, Mohammad Shaheenur; Andersen, Morten Koch (University of Dhaka Department of Peace and Conflict Studies, DIGNITY and University of Edinburgh Anthropology Department, 2016)

India's Draft Data Policy Unlocks Government Data for All, Mulls Monetisation - Choudhury, Deepsekhar (2022)

Bangladeshi children share experiences of remote learning and the challenges they face - Chowdhury, Iftikhar Ahmed (UNICEF, 2020)
Students call for safe reopening of schools to prevent further disruption to their education

Teacher educators’ perspectives of the introduction of ICT in education in Bangladesh - Chowdhury, M (Critical Literacy: Theories and Practices, 2012)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Localization of Digital Content for Use in Secondary Schools of Bangladesh - Chowdhury, M. D.; Al-Mahmood, A; Bashar, M. A.; Ahmed, J. U. (2011)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Challenges and Developments in the Higher Education System of Bangladesh: Keys to Way Forward - Chowdhury, Mahfuzul Hoque; Absar, Mir Mohammed Nurul; Quader, Syed Manzur (Handbook of Education Systems in South Asia, 2020)

How BRAC is supporting Bangladesh to continue education in a pandemic - Chowdhury, Zaian; Islam, Rubab; Saltmarsh, Sarah-Jane (2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

EdTech for Marginalized Learners in Southeast Asia - Perspectives from Funders and Providers on Priorities, Design, Investment and Scaling Considerations - Chrisani, Aprillia; Honda, Delanie; Jayasinghe, Neema; Gunawan, Clarissa Jazzlyne (EdTech Hub, 2025)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: _comingsoon; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

The MOOC Phenomenon: Who Takes Massive Open Online Courses and Why? - Christensen, Gayle; Steinmetz, Andrew; Alcorn, Brandon; Bennett, Amy; Woods, Deirdre; Emanuel, Ezekiel (Social Science Research Network, 2013)
Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have commanded considerable public attention due to their sudden rise and disruptive potential. But there are no robust, published data that describe who is taking these courses and why they are doing so. As such, we do not yet know how transformative the MOOC phenomenon can or will be. We conducted an online survey of students enrolled in at least one of the University of Pennsylvania’s 32 MOOCs offed on the Coursera platform. The student population tends to be young, well educated, and employed, with a majority from developed countries. There are significantly more males than females taking MOOCs, especially in BRIC and other developing countries. Students’ main reasons for taking a MOOC are advancing in their current job and satisfying curiosity. The individuals the MOOC revolution is supposed to help the most — those without access to higher education in developing countries — are underrepresented among the early adopters.
Keywords: C: International; Distance Education; MOOCs; Massive Open Online Courses; Online Education

Preparing K-12 Schools for a Pandemic before It Occurs - Christensen, Rhonda; Alexander, Curby (Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 2020)
While almost all K-12 schools closed for the COVID-19 pandemic with little or no preparation, one school began to prepare 12 years ago for a time such as this. In 2006, the school leadership team began to consider what would happen to teaching and learning in the event of a large-scale pandemic causing the buildings to be closed. The school implemented a Distance Learning Day (DLD) in fall 2007 and continued it for one day each of five years. This paper describes the rationale, implementation, and outcomes of the endeavor, as well as its impact on students, teachers and parents. Implications for professional development are also included for those seeking to replicate this approach.
Keywords: COVID-19; Communicable Diseases; Distance Education; Educational Benefits; Electronic Learning; Elementary Secondary Education; Emergency Programs; Instructional Design; Pandemics; Parent Attitudes; Planning; Program Effectiveness; Program Implementation; School Closing; Student Attitudes; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Education; ___working_potential_duplicate; ⛔ No DOI found

E-Learning in Secondary Schools - Christianity Social Services Commission

Expanding access to early childhood development using interactive audio instruction: A toolkit and guidelines for program design and implementation. - Christina, Rachel; Louge, Nathalie (World Bank, 2015)

Baseline Secondary Writing: have Year 7 pupils gone backwards? - Christodoulou, Daisy (Medium, 2020)
We’ve just completed our Year 7 Baseline Secondary Writing assessment, and we can now use these results to see the size of the learning…

Sampling issues in design, conduct, and interpretation of international comparative studies of school achievement - Chromy, J.R. (In A.C. Porter, & A. Gamoran (Eds.), Methodological advances in cross-national surveys of educational achievement (pps. 80- 116)., 2002)

Open Data Readiness Assessment: Prepared for the Government of Sierra Leone - Chrzanowski, Pierre; Holm, Jeanne; Manley, Laura; Dodds, Elizabeth; Baker, Rob (World Bank Group; Open Aid Partnership, 2016)

Managing School Internal Mechanisms for Performance Improvement in Secondary Education: Case of Six Secondary Schools in Eastern Zone in Tanzania - Chua, C. L.; Mosha, H. J. (SAGE Open, 2015)

Cost-Effectiveness and EdTech: Considerations and case studies - Chuang, Rachel; Burnett, Nicholas; Robinson, Elizabeth (EdTech Hub, 2021)
The answer to the question ‘What is cost-effective EdTech?’ is highly nuanced, as it depends on the choice of the initiative, its design, implementation, intended audience, and how the local context is addressed. We compiled select case studies that examine how EdTech was used in cost-effective and less cost-effective ways. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: F: Helpdesk response; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _r:AddedByZotZen; _zenodo:submitted

National EdTech strategies: what, why, and who - Chuang, Rachel; Coflan, Caitlin; Giraldo (UNICEF), Juan-Pablo; Attfield (FCDO), Ian; Tungatarova (UNICEF), Auken; Tungatarova (UNICEF), Rachel Chuang, Caitlin Coflan, Juan-Pablo Giraldo (UNICEF), Ian Attfield (FCDO) and Auken (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Using evidence from Covid responses, the report advises policymakers responding to learning loss caused by the pandemic to use existing EdTech, and focus on good pedagogy that is supported, rather than replaced by, technology.

National EdTech strategies: what, why, and who - Chuang, Rachel; Coflan, Caitlin; Giraldo (UNICEF), Juan-Pablo; Attfield (FCDO), Ian; Tungatarova (UNICEF), Auken; Tungatarova (UNICEF), Rachel Chuang, Caitlin Coflan, Juan-Pablo Giraldo (UNICEF), Ian Attfield (FCDO) and Auken (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Using evidence from Covid responses, the report advises policymakers responding to learning loss caused by the pandemic to use existing EdTech, and focus on good pedagogy that is supported, rather than replaced by, technology.

Nine takeaways from our reviews of COVID-19 education responses - Chuang, Rachel; Kaye, Tom; Koomar, Saalim; McBurnie, Chris; Moss Coflan, Caitlin (EdTech Hub, 2020)
Regular readers will know about our Helpdesk, the on-demand support service we provide for FCDO advisers and World Bank staff to help them make evidence-informed decisions. Since the onset of coronavirus, the Helpdesk team has responded to requests from 15 countries across Africa, Asia, and the Middle…
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _zenodoETH

Back-to-School Campaigns Following Disruptions to Education - Chuang, Rachel; Kaye, Tom; Moss Coflan, Caitlin; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This EdTech Hub Helpdesk response focuses on back-to-school campaigns following disruptions to education, ensuring that children rapidly return to school as soon as it is safe and practical. Key themes of effective school re-openings are examined in the context of modalities used to deliver distance learning (e.g., radio, television).
Keywords: COV:COVID and reopening of schools; F: Helpdesk response; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

Low-Tech Devices and Connectivity for Learning in Lebanon - Chuang, Rachel; Khalayleh, Abdullah (EdTech Hub, 2021)
This document was produced in response to a request from the FCDO Lebanon team for guidance on leveraging low-tech devices and enabling connectivity to support learners in Lebanon, aligning with school reopenings. The document compiles effective initiatives across Lebanon and other countries.
Keywords: F: Helpdesk response; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v3; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

EdTech Initiatives Focused on Classrooms and Teachers: A Curated List for Rwanda - Chuang, Rachel; Koomar, Saalim (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This document was produced in response to a request from the FCDO Rwanda team for a curated list of EdTech initiatives related to the following focus areas: 1. Classroom software 2. Teacher education 3. School administration.
Keywords: F: Helpdesk response; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; _zenodoETH:submitted

Summarised Findings from the EdTech Hub Helpdesk - Chuang, Rachel; Moss Coflan, Caitlin (EdTech Hub, 2020)
As of December 2020, EdTech Hub’s Helpdesk has been active for nine months, responding to over 60 requests supporting decision-making on education technology. This document summarises our responses to six commonly asked questions across the topics of reaching marginalised learners, supporting teachers, and using EdTech to mitigate learning loss.
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:not_indexed; _MELA_seen; _cover:image; _r:CopiedFromEvLib; _zenodoETH; _zenodoETH:submitted

Curriculum Reform & Building Back Better. - Chuang, Rachel; Mullan, Joel (2020)
This EdTech Hub Helpdesk Response presents an overview of curriculum reform implementation within the context of Covid-19 and strengthening education systems for when children return to school ('building back better'). The document emphasises interventions and evidence relevant to African countries.
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v2; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH

Session 6: How do I ensure my EdTech investments are cost-effective? - Chuang, Rachel; Proctor, Jamie (2022)
The Strategic Choices for Education Reform workshop held in Zimbabwe in November 2022 aimed to provide a forum for senior government officials to reflect and consider the strategic reform options for their countries. The objective was to convene officials in key positions in the ministries of education, higher education, finance, and planning to learn about important issues and approaches in education; exchange experiences and lessons; develop an understanding of what is necessary to reconstruct better and more resilient education systems; and to transform the large potential of young people, through human capital investments, into development and prosperity. EdTech Hub was invited to facilitate the day of the workshop focused on harnessing ICT for better teaching and learning. This presentation is one of several used in the workshop to promote learning, discussion, and problem solving among the participants. An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

The systems approach - Churchman, Charles West (Delta, 1968)

CIA World Factbook - CIA

East Asia/Southeast Asia: Mongolia - CIA Factsheet (2020)

Learning in a mobile age: an investigation of student motivation: Learning in a mobile age - Ciampa, K. (Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 2014)

Artificial intelligence for strengthening healthcare systems in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic scoping review - Ciecierski-Holmes, Tadeusz; Singh, Ritvij; Axt, Miriam; Brenner, Stephan; Barteit, Sandra (npj Digital Medicine, 2022)
In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), AI has been promoted as a potential means of strengthening healthcare systems by a growing number of publications. We aimed to evaluate the scope and nature of AI technologies in the specific context of LMICs. In this systematic scoping review, we used a broad variety of AI and healthcare search terms. Our literature search included records published between 1st January 2009 and 30th September 2021 from the Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Global Health and APA PsycInfo databases, and grey literature from a Google Scholar search. We included studies that reported a quantitative and/or qualitative evaluation of a real-world application of AI in an LMIC health context. A total of 10 references evaluating the application of AI in an LMIC were included. Applications varied widely, including: clinical decision support systems, treatment planning and triage assistants and health chatbots. Only half of the papers reported which algorithms and datasets were used in order to train the AI. A number of challenges of using AI tools were reported, including issues with reliability, mixed impacts on workflows, poor user friendliness and lack of adeptness with local contexts. Many barriers exists that prevent the successful development and adoption of well-performing, context-specific AI tools, such as limited data availability, trust and evidence of cost-effectiveness in LMICs. Additional evaluations of the use of AI in healthcare in LMICs are needed in order to identify their effectiveness and reliability in real-world settings and to generate understanding for best practices for future implementations.
Keywords: Health policy; Translational research

Can Virtual Replace In-person Coaching? Experimental Evidence on Teacher Professional Development and Student Learning in South Africa - Cilliers, J; Fleischz, B; Kotzex, J; Mohohlwanex, N; Taylor, S; Thulare, T (2020)
We experimentally compare on-site with virtual coaching of South African teachers. After three years, on-site coaching improved students’ English oral language and reading proﬁciency by 0.31 and 0.13 SD, respectively. Virtual coaching improved English oral language proﬁciency (0.12 SD), had no impact on English reading proﬁciency, and an unintended negative eﬀect on home language literacy. Classroom observations show that on-site coaching improved teaching practice and that virtual coaching led to larger crowding-out of home language teaching time. Implementation and survey data suggest that the use of technology did not preclude eﬀectiveness, but rather that in-person contact enabled more accountability and support.
Keywords: Important; Read; ⛔ No DOI found

Alternative forms of early grade instructional coaching: Emerging evidence from field experiments in South Africa - Cilliers, Jacobus; Fleisch, Brahm; Kotze, Janeli; Mohohlwane, Nompumelelo; Taylor, Stephen; Thulare, Tshegofatso (2020)

How to Improve Teaching Practice? Experimental Comparison of Centralized Training and In-classroom Coaching - Cilliers, Jacobus; Fleisch, Brahm; Prinsloo, Cas; Taylor, Stephen (Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2018)
We experimentally compare two modes of in-service professional development for South African public primary school teachers. In both programs teachers received the same learning material and daily lesson plans, aligned to the ofﬁcial literacy curriculum. Pupils exposed to two years of the program improved their reading proﬁciency by 0.12 standard deviations if their teachers received centralized Training, compared to 0.24 if their teachers received in-class Coaching. Classroom observations reveal that teachers were more likely to split pupils into smaller reading groups, which enabled individualized attention and more opportunities to practice reading. Results vary by class size and baseline pupil reading proﬁciency.
Keywords: C: South Africa

Can Public Rankings Improve School Performance? Evidence from a Nationwide Reform in Tanzania - Cilliers, Jacobus; Mbiti, Isaac; Zeitlin, Andrew (2019)

Can Public Rankings Improve School Performance? Evidence from a Nationwide Reform in Tanzania - Cilliers, Jacobus; Mbiti, Isaac; Zeitlin, Andrew (2019)

Can public rankings improve school performance? Evidence from a nationwide reform in Tanzania - Cilliers, Jacobus; Mbiti, Isaac; Zeitlin, Andrew (Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2019)

Can Public Rankings Improve School Performance? Evidence from a Nationwide Reform in Tanzania - Cilliers, Jacobus; Mbiti, Isaac; Zeitlin, Andrew (2019)

Complexity and post-modernism: Understanding complex systems - Cilliers, Paul; Spurrett, David (South African Journal of Philosophy, 1999)
Keywords: ❓ Multiple DOI

A framework for evaluating appropriateness of educational technology use in global development programs - CITE (Comprehensive Initiative on Technology Education) (Comprehensive Initiative on Technology Education (CITE), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 2018)

Free Online Textbooks, Flashcards, Adaptive Practice, Real World Examples, Simulations - CK-12 Foundation
CK-12 Foundation provides a library of free online textbooks, videos, exercises, flashcards, and real world applications for over 5000 concepts from arithmetic to history

Georgia, CK-12 and UNICEF Collaboration | - CK-12 Foundation

A Theory of Change for Teachers Towards a Technology-Enhanced Education System in Bangladesh - Clark-Wilson, Alison; Ahmed, Shakil; Kaye, Tom; Zubairi, Asma (EdTech Hub, 2022)
The second of a trilogy of Theories of Change (TOCs) that focuses on teachers as key agents of change in the development of an increasingly technology-enhanced education system in Bangladesh. The TOC was created following a period of desk research and in-country stakeholder workshops. It offers a theory for how teachers’ professional learning experiences will enable them to support learners in ways that take advantage of available technology. The TOC is a useful tool to support the design, implementation, and evaluation of all programmes and initiatives that are designed for teachers, and aim to improve educational outcomes for learners in Classes 1-12. Keywords: Bangladesh; Theory of Change; technology-enhanced learning; teachers' professional development; education An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

A Theory of Change for Parents and Caregivers Towards a Technology-Enhanced Education System in Bangladesh - Clark-Wilson, Alison; Bashir, Amreen; Ahmed, Shakil; Mazari, Haani; Kaye, Tom; Radford, Kate; Otieno, Jennifer (EdTech Hub, 2022)
The third of a trilogy of Theories of Change (TOCs) that focuses on parents and caregivers as key agents of change in the development of an increasingly technology-enhanced education system in Bangladesh. The TOC was created following a period of desk research and in-country stakeholder workshops. It offers a theory for how parents’ and caregivers’ experiences in diverse programmes and initiatives will enable them to support children to improved educational outcomes, and take advantage of available technology. It offers a tool for programme designers, implementers, and evaluators to think critically about how their initiative(s) will impact parents and caregivers for the longer-term benefits of their children. Keywords: Bangladesh; Theory of Change; technology-enhanced learning; parents and caregivers; parenting; education An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

A Theory of Change for a Technology-Enhanced Education System in Bangladesh - Clark-Wilson, Alison; Bashir, Amreen; Kaye, Tom (EdTech Hub, 2021)
The first of a trilogy of Theories of Change (TOCs) that focuses on learners as the main beneficiaries of an increasingly technology-enhanced education system in Bangladesh. Initially created with stakeholders to support the monitoring and evaluation of programmes designed to offer distance learning during the 2020 Covid-19 school closures, the TOC describes how access to educational activities of different modalities (TV, Radio, Smartphone, online platforms etc.) should lead to improved educational outcomes for learners in Classes 1-12. Keywords: Bangladesh; Theory of Change; technology-enhanced learning; education An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:analysis:nopdf; _r:AddedByZotZen; _zenodo:submitted

Scaling a technology-based innovation: windows on the evolution of mathematics teachers’ practices - Clark-Wilson, Alison; Hoyles, Celia; Noss, Richard; Vahey, Phil; Roschelle, Jeremy (ZDM, 2015)

Assessment, technology, and change - Clarke-Midura, Jody; Dede, Chris (Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2010)

Design for scalability: A case study of the River City curriculum - Clarke, Jody; Dede, Chris (Journal of Science Education and Technology, 2009)

Fake degrees: the secret industry damaging so many employers - Clarke, Jon (2017)

Culture and Classroom Reform: The case of the District Primary Education Project, India - Clarke, Prema (Comparative Education, 2003)
Reform in teaching and learning forms one of the basic dimensions of educational reform. This study explores the impact of the reform process on teacher thinking and classroom practice in the multi-donor supported District Primary Education Project in Karnataka, India. Using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies, a variety of aspects dealing with teaching and learning are examined in order to understand the extent to which changes are taking place in the classroom. The study analyses the impact of four cultural constructs, which frame teaching and learning in India: holism as a shared worldview that encourages openness to regulation; the hierarchical structure as a regulative social framework; knowledge as discovered and attested collectively; and the ‘sense of duty’ that deﬁnes the role of the teacher (and student). The conclusion of the study is that while there are observable changes in the classroom in the use of instructional aids and activities during instruction, the essential characteristics of traditional practice, namely rote and repetition has not changed. Both teachers’ openness and resistance to reform are portrayed as embedded in the cultural construction of teaching and learning.

Language data for Nigeria - CLEAR Global (2019)
Find information about languages in Nigeria, thanks to our language data, including interactive and static language maps for Nigeria.

Localization & Translation Are Not The Same - But What's The Difference? - Clear words translations (Clear Words Translations, 2017)
If you're wondering what the difference is between localization and translation, check out this article before you start going global.

Dyscalculia: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment - Cleveland Clinic (2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Neurodivergent: What It Is, Symptoms & Types - Cleveland Clinic
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

'Staggering' trade in fake degrees revealed - Clifton, Helen; Chapman, Matthew; Cox, Simon (2018)

10 Important Facts About Girls' Education in Somalia - Cline, Matthew (2018)

Payment by results in international development: Evidence from the first decade - Clist, Paul (Development Policy Review, 2019)
Donors would be sensible to limit themselves to either ‘small PbR’ (where the costs of PbR are minimised) or genuine ‘big PbR’ (where projects seek to maximise PBR’s benefits). The current evidence shows that projects outside these two categories are worse than traditional forms of aid. Evidence for ‘small PbR’ is mixed, while there is no evidence for ‘big PbR’ as it has yet to be tried.

Are Teacher Absences Worth Worrying About in the U.S.? - Clotfelter, Charles; Ladd, Helen; Vigdor, Jacob (National Bureau of Economic Research, 2007)
Using detailed data from North Carolina, we examine the frequency, incidence, and consequences of teacher absences in public schools, as well as the impact of an absence disincentive policy. The incidence of teacher absences is regressive: schools in the poorest quartile averaged almost one extra sick day per teacher than schools in the highest income quartile, and schools with persistently high rates of teacher absence were much more likely to serve low-income than high-income students. In regression models incorporating teacher fixed effects, absences are associated with lower student achievement in elementary grades. Finally, we present evidence that the demand for discretionary absences is price-elastic. Our estimates suggest that a policy intervention that simultaneously raised teacher base salaries and broadened financial penalties for absences could both raise teachers' expected income and lower districts' expected costs.

Elimika LMS – Unlimited Learning Experiences - Cloud, Elimika is Powered by Kenya Education

A case study approach to exploring resilient pedagogy during times of crisis - Clum, Katie; Ebersole, Liz; Wicks, David; Shea, Munyi (Online Learning, 2022)

FRAMEWORK FOR STAKEHOLDER INCLUSION IN THE TECHNOLOGY PLANNING PROCESS - CoAction Learning Lab (Penn State COACTION LEARNING LAB, 2019)

The evaluation of "technological pedagogical content knowledge based argumentation practices" training for science teachers - Çoban, Gül Ünal; Akpinar, Ercan; Baran, Bahar; Saglam, Merve Kocagül; Özcan, Erkan; Kahyaoglu, Yasemin (Egitim ve Bilim, 2016)
In science education, creating learning environments supported with technology and students' use of theory-evidence coordination when expressing their ideas is emphasized regarding the development of students' scientific reasoning, critical thinking, decision making skills, and etc. In this process, great responsibilities are fallen to teachers as planner and designer of a learning environment. In this study, it is aimed to assess the training which aims the development of science teachers' technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) through argumentation practices. In this context; this study evaluated the science teachers' argumentation skills, self-efficacy perceptions towards TPACK and the teachers' views about the training. 37 science teachers working at different cities in Turkey participated in the one group pre-test post-test experimental training study, which was lasted 54 hours during a week. The training is composed of both hand and minds on argumentation practices based on TPACK. The participants joined different activities such as collaborative group works, drama, modeling, thematic games, art activities, problem-based learning, field trips, observation and workshops. In the study, Argumentation Test, TPACK Self-Efficacy Belief Scale were used as data collection tools. At the end of the training written views of science teachers towards activities were taken. In the light of the findings, this training was effective on the participants' self-efficacy levels towards technological pedagogical content knowledge. Moreover, this training resulted in a positive change in the participants' views about how a statement could be accepted as an argument. However, the increase in scores of argumentation skills was not significant. Additionally almost all of the participants stated that they found the activities useful and can use in their classes. By considering these results, some suggestions were given.
Keywords: Argumentation; Education; Professional development; Science teachers; Technological pedagogical content knowledge; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2097466; __finaldtb

Rethinking Scale: Moving Beyond Numbers to Deep and Lasting Change - Coburn, Cynthia E. (Educational Researcher, 2003)

What's the Evidence on Districts' Use of Evidence? - Coburn, Cynthia; Kay Stein, Mary; Honig, Meredith (2009)