Crisis response can and should include education — Curious Learning - Curious Learning

Curious Learning - Curious Learning

Curious Learning, Global Digital Library and Chimple Apps - Languages with IDs - Spec Sheet - Google Sheets - Curious Learning

Literacy League — Curious Learning - Curious Learning

Timeline - Curious Learning

Tools for your toolbox: Collecting data for cost-effectiveness with the Brookings Childhood Cost Calculator - D'Rozario, Jonny; Mitchell, Joel

Integrating digital personalised learning into pre-primary classroom practice: a teacher-researcher multiple-case study partnership in Kenya - Daltry, Rebecca; Major, Louis; Otieno, Mary; Otieno, Kevin; Jordan, Katy; Moustafa, Nariman
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Educate! | Preparing youth in Africa with the skills to succeed in today’s economy. - Educate! (Educate! | Preparing youth in Africa with the skills to succeed in today’s economy.)
Educate! prepares youth in Africa with the skills to succeed in today’s economy. We tackle youth unemployment by partnering with schools and governments to reform what schools teach and how they teach it, so that students in Africa have the skills to start businesses, get jobs, and drive development

Impact Evaluation Results - Educate!

Impact Evaluation Results - Educate!

Monitoring & Evaluation Approach — Educate! | Preparing youth in Africa with the skills to succeed in today’s economy. - Educate!

Out-of-School Youth Solutions — Educate! | Preparing youth in Africa with the skills to succeed in today’s economy. - Educate!

Acceptable Use Policies for the Internet - Education World

Launch of Scopus AI to Help Researchers Navigate the World of Research - Elsevier (www.elsevier.com)
Developed and tested with the research community, Scopus AI combines the world’s largest database of curated scientific literature with responsible AI

Scopus AI: Trusted content. Powered by responsible AI. - Elsevier Products (www.elsevier.com)
Scopus AI combines generative artificial intelligence with Scopus’ trusted content and data to help researchers accelerate their research.

Enuma - Enuma
The Best Learning Solution for Children Around the World

Feynman AI - Feynman AI
Feynman - An AI assistant to make reading, writing and understanding academic literature easier.

Home - Global Digital Library - - Global Digital Library

Global education monitoring report, 2023: technology in education: a tool on whose terms? - Global Education Monitoring Report Team
UNESCO Digital Library

Agile delivery - Service Manual - GOV.UK - GOV.UK (GOV.UK)
How to work in an agile way: principles, tools and governance.

National Numeracy Programme | Malawi - Government of Malawi

Developing collaborations and technology for evidence synthesis - Haddaway, Martin Westgate & Neal (Evidence Synthesis Hackathon)
An event series to develop open software for evidence synthesis
Keywords: _Added-ailr-2024

RobotAnalyst (National Centre for Text Mining — NaCTEM) - Heatley, Louise M.
META-NET Project.

Responsible Use Policy: A Guide for Schools - HiddenApp

Every Adolescent Girl Empowered and Resilient (EAGER) - International Rescue Committee (IRC)
A project designed to create accessible and empowering learning opportunities for out-of-school adolescent girls in Sierra Leone, strengthening their knowledge, skills, and agency to shape their lives.

Exercise B: How to do random assignment using MS Excel - J-PAL (Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab)

JABSOM Library: Colandr for Systematic Reviews: Introducing Colandr - Kahili-Heede, Melissa
Using the systematic review tool for title and abstract screening, full-text article screening, and data extraction

Scholarcy (Online Summarizing Tool | Flashcard Generator & Summarizer) - kssNvYB7y66y (Scholarcy | The long-form article summariser)
Scholarcy™ is an online summarizing tool that generates and converts long articles into summary flashcards. Sign up free & start summarizing

Malawi - LNGB Consortium

Can Nudge Messaging Positively Influence School Attendance? - Longley, Sophie (EdTech Hub)
In Northern Ghana, Wunni Sabo's decision to prioritise his daughter's education, inspired by nudge messaging, is helping to spark a movement for learning. Click to read this story of change.

A dialogic design-based research partnership approach: developing close-to-practice educational technology theory in Kenya (Forthcomming) - Major, Louis; Daltry, Rebecca; Rahman, Asad; Plaut, Daniel; Otieno, Mary; Otieno, Kevin (Global Perspectives on Teaching with Technology: Theories, Case Studies and Integration Strategies)
Design-based research (DBR) has promise for investigating educational technology in low- and middle-income contexts. However, DBR is implemented infrequently in such settings, highlighting a need for guidance on implementation. This chapter critically reflects on innovative DBR involving Kenyan teachers and research partners over two years. This focused on the iterative evaluation of a ‘digital personalised learning’ tool to improve its integration into classroom practice. This DBR promoted teacher-researcher engagement through adopting a dialogue-informed 'intermediate theory building' framework, bridging the theory-practice gap. Additionally, it enhanced inclusivity by broadening the concept of partnership through an ‘integrated’ approach. Lessons learned and practical implications are highlighted. Outcomes establish a novel foundation for applying DBR to enhance educational technology for marginalised learners.

Learning continuity in response to Pakistan’s 2022 floods: Policy brief - Mazari, Haani; Baloch, Imdad; Thinley, Sangay; Radford, Kate; Perry, Freya; Kaye, Tom (EdTech Hub)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Let’s Chat: Chatbot Nudging for Improved Course Performance - Meyer, Katharine; Page, Lindsay C.; Smith, Eric; Walsh, B. Tyler; Fifield, C. Lindsey; Evans, Michael
Despite documented benefits to college completion, more than a third of students who initially enroll in college do not ultimately earn a credential. Completing college requires students to navigate both institutional administrative tasks (e.g., registering for classes) and academic tasks within courses (e.g., completing homework). In postsecondary education, several promising interventions have shown that text-based outreach and communication can be a low-cost, easy to implement, and effective strategy for supporting administrative task navigation. In this paper, we report on two randomized controlled trials testing the effect of a text-based chatbot with artificial intelligence (AI) capability on students' academic task navigation in introductory courses (political science and economics). We find the academic chatbot significantly shifted students’ final grades, increasing the likelihood students received a course grade of B or higher by 5-6 percentage points and reduced the likelihood students dropped the course.

Education in Emergencies: A Rapid Evidence Review - Mitchell, Joel; Ashlee, Amy; Clericetti, Giulia; Gladwell, Jessica; Torrance, Rebecca (EdTech Hub, 2020)
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v3; _zenodoETH

Cost-Effective EdTech Paper 3 - Mitchell, Joel; D'Rozario, Jonny (EdTech Hub)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _comingsoon; _r:AddedByZotZen

Great buy or just low cost? Lessons on cost-effectiveness from messaging interventions in West Africa - Mitchell, Joel; Mukankusi, Aimée; D'Rozario, Jonny (EdTech Hub)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: Coming soon; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

nawiripro | Karibu - Nawiripro

Certificate of Secondary Education Examination (CSEE) Results - NECTA

OpenAlex: The open catalog to the global research system - OpenAlex
Keywords: _Added-ailr-2024

Innovative Research Methodologies: Participatory Ethnographic Evaluation Research (PEER). - Oyinloye, Bukola
This podcast is the third in a series commissioned by the Research Methodology in Education Special Interest Group to showcase the variety of methodologies and methods being undertaken by...

Empowering emerging tech leaders - Re:Coded

Technology Acceptable Use Agreement - Ridgewood Public Schools (Ridgewood Public Schools)

Rising Academies - Rising Academies

TVET Platform for SEA - SEA-VET

Sierra Leone TCPD Sandbox Report - Tanweer, Rabia; Plaut, Daniel; McBurnie, Chris (EdTech Hub)
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Toolkits Platform - Ubongo

JP Malawi Girls' Education | MPTF Office - UNDP

Education Budget Brief 2020 - UNICEF; Government of Tanzania (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

DREAMS: Partnership To Reduce Hiv/Aids In Adolescent Girls And Young Women | Global Health | U.S. Agency for International Development - USAID

Technology for Data Collection Processing and Communication for EiE - USAID

Using technology to deliver high quality education | VSO - VSO

War Child Care System - Can't Wait to Learn | War Child - War Child Holland

We believe no child should be part of war. Ever. | War Child - War Child Holland

Development Projects : Skills for A Vibrant Economy Project - P172627 - World Bank (World Bank)
Development Projects : Skills for A Vibrant Economy Project - P172627

Glossary | DataBank - World Bank

Procurement Details - World Bank (World Bank)

The World by Income and Region - World Bank

World Bank Open Data: Access to electricity, rural (% of rural population) - Malawi - World Bank (World Bank)
Free and open access to global development data

Cambodia Digital Education Inventory - World Education
A collection of digital tools and interventions that promote learning and teaching in Cambodia

Research Guides: AI-Based Literature Review Tools: Home - Xiao, Daniel
Research Guides: AI-Based Literature Review Tools: Home
Keywords: _Added-ailr-2024

Nudge Messaging and School Attendance in Ghana: Determining the Impact of Tailored Message Characteristics - Zhao, Annette; D'Rozario, Jonny; Kably, Nathan; Jayasinghe, Neema; Mukankusi, Aimée
An output of the EdTech Hub, https://edtechhub.org/
Keywords: Coming soon; _r:AddedByMyEducationEvidence

Designing for Social Justice: A Decolonial Exploration of How to Develop EdTech for Refugees - Barnes, Katrina; Emerusenge, Aime Parfait; Rabi, Asma; Ullah, Noor; Mazari, Haani; Moustafa, Nariman; Thakrar, Jayshree; Zhao, Annette; Koomar, Saalim (Education Sciences, 2024)
This paper reflects on the lived experiences of young refugees located in Pakistan and Rwanda when interacting with education technology (EdTech) during and following displacement. We offer a broad decolonial commentary on issues related to the design and development of EdTech initiatives for refugees, noting some of the historical trends prevalent in the education and emergencies sector. We are guided by questions such as: Why EdTech to start with? Who designs the products? Where are they designed? How are they designed? And, which power dynamics are at play during the design process? From this, we draw on qualitative data generated through three focus groups, where we explore young refugees’ experiences of EdTech. The focus group included a creative element inviting participants to imagine what a liberatory EdTech practice would look like. We aim to illustrate the practical implications of design choices taken by EdTech developers and, from this, recommend a set of justice-centred design principles for developers of EdTech in refugee contexts. These insights relate specifically to the experiences of refugees in Rwanda and Pakistan, though we also discuss the implications of these learnings for other contexts.

Lebanon: Needs at a Glance – 2024 - UNHCR (2024)

Minoritised Languages, Education, and Technology: Current practices and future directions in low- and middle-income countries - Zhao, Annette; Mitchell, Joel; Gasanabandi, Gentille; Ullah, Noor; Barnes, Katrina; Koomar, Saalim (EdTech Hub, 2024)
This article explores the current status and future directions of mother-tongue-based multilingual education (MTB MLE) and the use of technology in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), focusing on the use of minoritised mother tongues. An initial literature review of available academic sources in multiple languages reveals a lack of evidence on the use of technology in MTB MLE across different countries, especially multilingual contexts with greater linguistic diversity. To understand the issue in greater detail and to offer recommendations informed by current practice, interviews and a collaborative workshop with four organisations with relevant educational technology (EdTech) initiatives were conducted. The analysis covers facilitating and limiting factors these organisations have encountered, and the potential positive impact on learners and society generally. We conclude by identifying practical, policy, and research priorities for multilingual education and educational technology in general.
Keywords: _r:AddedByZotZen

Learners and caregivers barriers and attitudes to SMS-based mobile learning in Kenya - Jordan, Katy; Damani, Kalifa; Myers, Christina; Mumbi, Albina; Khagame, Phoebe; Njuguna, Lydia (African Educational Research Journal, 2023)
The use of mobile phones has been identified as a potential way to bring the benefits of educational technology to a wider audience, including in low-connectivity settings. This is a topic that has received renewed interest recently as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and school closures. While a number of recent studies have demonstrated good potential for mobile phones and SMS to be used to support learning, there are also questions about how equitable this medium is in practice. We conducted a telephone survey with learners (n = 122) and their caregivers (n = 124) who use M-Shule, an SMS-based educational platform in Kenya, in order to understand their attitudes towards mobile learning, and the benefits and constraints. In particular, we consider whether there are differences in responses according to gender and/or location, to shed light on whether use is equitable. We find that girls and boys face similar barriers to use, and the technology is perceived to be equally beneficial. We identify some areas for potential further support for all learners through mobile learning.

Deployment of Offline Learning Management Systems: Comparing the Performance of Selected Micro-servers in Tanzania - Maro, Salome; Kondoro, Aron; Haßler, Björn; Mtebe, Joel; Proctor, Jamie (Journal of Learning for Development, 2023)
Low-powered mobile devices such as Raspberry Pis and tablets can be used as micro-servers to implement offline Learning Management Systems (LMS). Despite their potential, especially for low-income countries, such as Tanzania, no research is available detailing the affordances of these devices for supporting LMS features. This study investigated the suitability of various low-cost micro-servers for deploying LMSs. It compared the performance of the Raspberry Pi, Android tablet, and Chromebook in terms of LMS benchmarking, response time, and resource utilisation. Results showed all devices had sufficient hardware resources to support the LMS, however, software stacks, I/O performance, and platform optimisations affected the micro-servers' performance. The Chromebook had the best performance in terms of response time, followed by the Raspberry Pi and tablets. In terms of cost, the Raspberry PI was the cheapest option.  The installation process for tablets was more cumbersome than the other devices, meaning the devices with better tooling and a more conventional software stack were a better option for deploying offline micro-servers.

Education in times of restriction: an examination of refugee girls’ and young women’s access to learning during COVID-19 school closures in Pakistan - Barnes, Katrina; Ashlee, Amy; Mukankusi, Aimee; Pacitto, Julia; Rabi, Asma; Thomas, Matt; Ullah, Noor; Zazai, Rozina; Zhao, Annette (Educational Research for Policy and Practice, 2023)
This paper examines the extent to which refugee girls and young women were able to access learning during COVID-19 education closures in Pakistan, and the role that EdTech played in their learning access. It is based on findings from a survey with 403 Afghan refugee students, along with in-depth interviews with six young female refugees. The research shows that, while the majority of female refugee students were able to continue accessing education in some form during school closures, learning access was nevertheless limited, and a sizable minority were not engaged in any learning during this time. Teacher and institutional support was either absent or inadequate for many students, and infrastructure and devices that serve to support remote learning were not always reliable or accessible. Although male respondents were less likely than females to engage in independent study during the closures, refugee girls and young women were significantly less likely than their male counterparts to own the devices they needed for learning. The findings demonstrate how targeted investment in specific types of EdTech and teacher professional development, as well as supporting educational institutions in the establishment of remote learning opportunities, could help sustain learning during future periods of educational restriction.
Keywords: COVID-19; Distance education; Educational technology; Gender; Pakistan; Refugee education

Towards Improving the Accessibility and Usability of a Mobile-based Learning Management System for Blind Primary School Teachers - Kondoro, Aron; Maro, Salome; Mtebe, Joel; Proctor, Jamie; Komba, Aneth; Haßler, Björn (2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa), 2023)

Developing dialogic classroom practices through supporting professional agency: Teachers’ experiences of using the T-SEDA practitioner-led inquiry approach - Calcagni, Elisa; Ahmed, Farah; Trigo-Clapés, Ana Laura; Kershner, Ruth; Hennessy, Sara (Teaching and Teacher Education, 2023)
Classroom dialogue is considered productive for learning but rarely observed, and practitioner professional development is needed. This study investigated how 67 teachers across educational phases in six countries contextualised the T-SEDA inquiry toolkit to conduct classroom inquiries and develop new practices. Surveys and inquiry reports yielded insights into how practitioner agency was further developed, with implications for sustainability. Change was evident in self-reported enhanced awareness and understanding of dialogue and use of dialogic strategies. Increases in students’ dialogic participation and plans for dissemination to colleagues were reported.
Keywords: Classroom dialogue; Dialogic teaching; Professional development; Professional learning; Reflective inquiry; Teacher agency

Where do teachers go, and where do they stay? - Lurvink, Anne-Fleur; Espinoza-Revollo, Patricia; Ali, Yusuf; Garrod, Oliver; Atherton, Paul; Mackintosh, Alasdair; Ramirez, Ana; Beoku-Betts, Iman; Haßler, Björn; Godwin, Katie; Godwin, Anne-Fleur Lurvink, Patricia Espinoza-Revollo, Yusuf Ali, Oliver Garrod, Paul Atherton, Alasdair Mackintosh, Ana Ramirez, Iman Beoku-Betts, Björn Haßler and Katie (EdTech Hub, 2023)
In Sierra Leone, a government payroll position is tied to the teacher, not the school, meaning teachers can change schools once they go on the payroll. This leads to certain schools being chronically understaffed. It also suggests that deploying teachers to rural and understaffed schools (or putting teachers already there on payroll) might not tackle high pupil-to-qualified-teacher ratios in the longer term. Investigating the school-to-school movement of payroll teachers can help us understand where teachers go after they go on the payroll and how long they stay in a given school. We also looked at overall movement nationally to identify areas of the country that are outliers in terms of high and low retention of teachers.

Pakistan Education Sector Working Group flood response performance monitoring dashboard (as of 28 February 2023) - Pakistan | ReliefWeb - Education Sector Working Group (2023)
Infographic in English on Pakistan about Contributions, Coordination, Flash Flood, Flood and more; published on 9 Mar 2023 by Education Cluster, Save the Children and 2count other organizations

KEY FIGURES: 5th Rwanda Population and Housing Census (PHC) - National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda. (National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda., 2023)
The fifth Population and Housing Census in Rwanda, was conducted in August 2022. The Census operation was coordinated by the National Census Commission. Various census technical and administrative structures have been put in place to ensure a successful census operation.

The RISE Education Systems Diagnostic: A Tool for Identifying Strategic Priorities for Education System Reform - RISE (RISE Programme, 2023)

Nigerian schools: Flogged for speaking my mother tongue - Cecilia Macaulay (BBC News, 2023)
Nigeria wants local languages to replace English in primary education, but some say it's not practical.

Guidance note on using implementation research in education - Allison, C (Building Evidence in Education (BE2 ), 2023)

V-Dem Dataset v13 - Coppedge, M. et al. (Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project, 2023)

Results – Rapid Scans – The EdTech Hub - EdTech Hub (2023)

Education Sector Budget Proposal Report 2023/24 - Government of Kenya (Government of Kenya, 2023)

Report of the Presidential Working Party on Education Reform: ​​Transforming education, training and research for sustainable development in Kenya - Government of Kenya (2023)

Fiscal Transfers: View Consolidated formulae - Government of Uganda (OTIMS, 2023)

How can messaging apps, WhatsApp and SMS be used to support learning? A scoping review - Jordan, Katy (Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 2023)
In response to disruption to education during the Covid-19 pandemic, mobile phone-based messaging has emerged in some instances as an accessible, low-connectivity way of promoting interactivity. However, no recent reviews have been undertaken in relation to how social media and messaging apps can be used to effectively support education in low- and middle-income countries. In this scoping review, 43 documents were identified for inclusion and three main thematic areas emerged: supporting student learning (including interacting with peers and other students, peer tutoring and collaborative learning; and interacting with teachers, through content delivery, teaching and assessment); teacher professional development (including structured support and prompts, and informal communities of practice); and supporting refugee education. The discussion and findings are both of practical use, to inform responses to the current pandemic and designing initiatives in the future, and will also be useful for advancing research in this expanding field.

Toward a holistic approach to EdTech effectiveness: Lessons from Covid-19 research in Bangladesh, Ghana, Kenya, Pakistan, and Sierra Leone - Nicolai, Susan; Jordan, Katy; Adam, Taskeen; Kaye, Tom; Myers, Christina (International Journal of Educational Development, 2023)

Towards a Resilient Education Recovery from Pakistan's Floods: Rapid Response Research - Sarwar, Moizza Binat (Malala Fund & Pakistan Coalition for Education, 2023)

Nearly half a million children in Malawi unable to attend school due to Cyclone Freddy - Save the Children (2023)

What Is Data Governance and Why Does It Matter? - Stedman, Craig (Data Management, 2023)
Learn what data governance is, why it's important, its benefits, who's responsible for it, data governance best practices and more in this in-depth guide.

SDG 4 September 2023 - UNESCO (2023)

UNICEF Data Warehouse - UNICEF (2023)

Gateways to Public Digital Learning - United Nations (United Nations, 2023)

South Africa Public Expenditure and Institutional Review for Early Childhood Development - World Bank (2023)
South Africa Public Expenditure and Institutional Review for Early Childhood Development (ECD PEIR) (English)

The Sandbox Model: A Novel Approach to Iterating while Implementing an Emergency Education Program in Lebanon during the COVID-19 Pandemic - Boujikian, Michèle; Carter, Alice; Jordan, Katy (2022)
Jusoor’s Refugee Education Program helps Syrian refugee children living in Lebanon integrate back into formal schooling. When schools closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the refugee program adapted to distance learning by developing Azima, a novel program that used WhatsApp to enable children to keep learning. Azima had to respond immediately to the emergency context while maintaining high education standards, and it also needed to find an effective way to test and refine its content quickly. To do this, the Azima program adopted an innovative experimental approach called a sandbox. A sandbox model operates in rapid iterative cycles and uses multiple methods to quickly test a program’s assumptions about how it will meet its goals. In this field note, we use Azima as a case study to report on our experience of applying the sandbox model. We reflect on the benefits and limitations of this novel approach in supporting the use of education technology in a crisis situation.

Drought situation in the Kenya ASAL areas now at crisis level - Kenya | ReliefWeb - ASAL Humanitarian Network (2022)
News and Press Release in English on Kenya about Agriculture, Climate Change and Environment, Drought and more; published on 5 Oct 2022 by ASAL Humanitarian Network

Digital Divide or Digital Provide? Technology, Time Use, and Learning Loss during COVID-19 - Asadullah, M. Niaz; Bhattacharjee, Anindita (The Journal of Development Studies, 2022)
COVID-19 school closure has caused a worldwide shift towards technology-aided home schooling. Given widespread poverty in developing countries, this has raised concerns over new forms of learning inequalities. Using nationwide data on primary and secondary school children in slum and rural households in Bangladesh, we examine how learning time at home during the early months of school closure varies by access to technology at home. Data confirms a significant socio-economic and gender divide in access to TV, smartphone, computer, and internet among rural households. However, the analysis of daily time use data shows only a modest return to a technology in terms of boosting learning time at home. The learning-grade gradient is shallow and insensitive to TV, smartphone, and computer access at home. We also find no evidence that technology access per se helps learning by boosting time spent in online schooling and private supplementary coaching/tutoring. While technology access matters in households where parents act as home tutors, the magnitude of such a complementary effect are not large. The results imply a loss of out-of-school learning time during school closure even in households with technology access. We consider additional hypotheses relating to institutional and socio-economic barriers to home-based learning in developing countries.
Keywords: COVID-19; D10; I21; J22; Q50; home-based education; learning crisis; school closure

Education system management / EMIS / education data – EdTechTools - EdTech Hub (2022)

Combining school-catchment area models with geostatistical models for analysing school survey data from low-resource settings: Inferential benefits and limitations - Macharia, Peter M.; Ray, Nicolas; Gitonga, Caroline W.; Snow, Robert W.; Giorgi, Emanuele (Spatial Statistics, 2022)
School-based sampling has been used to inform targeted responses for malaria and neglected tropical diseases. Standard geostatistical methods for mapping disease prevalence use the school location to model spatial correlation, which is questionable since exposure to the disease is more likely to occur in the residential location. In this paper, we propose to overcome the limitations of standard geostatistical methods by introducing a modelling framework that accounts for the uncertainty in the location of the residence of the students. By using cost distance and cost allocation models to define spatial accessibility and in absence of any information on the travel mode of students to school, we consider three school catchment area models that assume walking only, walking and bicycling and, walking and motorized transport. We illustrate the use of this approach using two case studies of malaria in Kenya and compare it with the standard approach that uses the school locations to build geostatistical models. We argue that the proposed modelling framework presents several inferential benefits, such as the ability to combine data from multiple surveys some of which may also record the residence location, and to deal with ecological bias when estimating the effects of malaria risk factors. However, our results show that invalid assumptions on the modes of travel to school can worsen the predictive performance of geostatistical models. Future research in this area should focus on collecting information on the modes of transportation to school which can then be used to better parametrize the catchment area models.
Keywords: Catchment area models; Disease mapping; Missing locations; Model-based geostatistics; Prevalence; School survey

What is Capitation Grant for Basic Schools in Ghana? - Marfo, Nathlaine Matilda (Coverghana.com.gh, 2022)
Capitation grant for basic schools is the amount of money or funds allocated for public basic schools in Ghana operating under the Ghana Education Service to... What is Capitation Grant for Basic Schools in Ghana?

Worldwide Mobile Data Pricing 2022 | 1GB Cost in 233 Countries - Cable (Cable.co.uk, 2022)
A global league table of mobile data costs. The average cost of one gigabyte (1GB) was then calculated and compared from over 5,000 mobile data plans in 233 countries.

Inflation and price indices - Office for National Statistics - Office for National Statistics (2022)

UIS Data - UNESCO (2022)

World Development Indicators | DataBank - World Bank (2022)

$3 Million ADB Grant to Support Pakistan’s Flood Response - Asian Development Bank (Asian Development Bank, 2022)
ADB approved a $3 million grant to support the Government of Pakistan’s emergency relief efforts amid widespread floods across the country.

Improving teaching and learning mathematics in Malawi primary schools: a review of reforms, interventions, successes and challenges - Kazima, Mercy; Longwe; Gobede, Fraser (Journal of Applied Learning & Teaching, 2022)

Elimu | Offline Intranet Resource Centre In Garissa - Elimu Resource Centre (2022)

Alarm over teen pregnancies as Kenya ranked third worldwide | Nation - Maichuhie, Kamau (2022)

Radical inclusion means teaching children in a language they understand - Bah, Chernor (Brookings, 2022)
Chenor Bah examines how Sierra Leone is trying to incorporate radical inclusion within the national education system by ensuring children are taught their mother-tongue for the first three to five years of schooling.

Teachers need training and support, not just an internet connection, to deliver quality distance education - Conover, Anna C (Teacher Task Force, 2022)
This blog is based on the findings of Distance learning and teacher training strategies. Lessons from the Caribbean, a recently published report by the Teacher Task Force. It was written by Anna C. Conover, Consultant Distance teaching and learning have expanded rapidly around the world since COVID-19 school closures first began in 2020. The transition exposed a wide digital divide in many countries, where lack of access to devices, online content and internet connectivity hindered universal access. Equally crucial, the shift shone a light on the need for more and better teacher training in digital and relevant pedagogical skills. However, in spite of this urgent need, ministries of education in many countries are only now integrating ICT competencies and standards into teacher policy frameworks. Moreover, traditional teacher training programmes do not necessarily adequately cover digital and related pedagogical skills in initial teacher training and continuing professional education. Teacher training can help improve learners’ and teachers’ experience of distance learning In response to the demand for training in distance learning and technology integration in small island developing states (SIDS) in the Caribbean, the Distance Learning and Teacher Training Strategies in the Caribbean SIDS teacher training programme was created to enhance the capacity of national education systems. The Teacher Task Force, UNESCO’s Global Education Coalition, Blackboard, the Caribbean Centre for Educational Planning (CCEP), UNICEF Jamaica, and the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development collaborated to develop, implement and monitor the programme. Building on the 2020 pilot project, Professional Development for Teachers for Blended Learning and Online Strategies, the programme was designed to strengthen teachers’ digital and related pedagogical skills. It took a holistic and context-sensitive approach to strengthening teachers’ capacity to guarantee that the most vulnerable students were not left behind during the crisis. The project aimed to confront challenges such as: how to maintain engagement and interaction for learning; how to convert content into appropriate online learning formats; how to handle school management issues, such as the need to respect normal school hours; and how to work with students with diverse needs. Providing support in these areas also helped to address teachers’ psychosocial well-being, since the abrupt transition to online teaching led to significant disruption of teachers’ professional and personal lives, causing uncertainty and other emotional challenges. Careful course design, adaptable materials and supportive communities of practice are essential for successful distance learning A key lesson from the programme was the importance of high standards for course design, content, and capacity for collaboration and delivery. Online platforms or learning management systems must be intuitive and user-friendly; courses must include different forms of interaction and student-teacher feedback loops; and time and space must be allotted for collaboration, reflection and experimentation. Since parental involvement is important for successful distance learning, course design should also include guidance for parents and reliable channels for them to communicate with teachers. Preparing and adapting materials for online learning is one of the most challenging and time-consuming tasks for teachers in transitioning to distance learning. So, teacher training should include guidance on tools to facilitate this work, such as “live worksheets”, which are interactive and support assessment at a distance. And programmes should use open-source materials where possible, or explicitly state copyright conditions when needed, to increase scalability and enable teachers to re-use materials. Teachers who participated in the teacher training programme particularly appreciated being part of a community of practice, enabling them to make new connections with distance education experts and other teachers in similar situations across their country and region. This feeling of belonging to a supportive network, as well as their newly acquired skills, boosted their personal and professional confidence in applying digital technologies and the required skills in their classrooms. Teacher training for distance education should prepare teachers to create inclusive online learning environments Ensuring inclusive education should be a priority in distance learning. Even though this form of schooling can limit teachers’ interactions with students (e.g., by reducing opportunities for spontaneous communication and gestural cues), it can also provide opportunities to promote inclusion. Designing courses with accessibility in mind is essential to create inclusive learning environments. For instance, to accommodate the needs of learners with disabilities, participants should be given a range of ways to access materials and participate in courses. This may include offering asynchronous* and synchronous** options for discussion, multimodal (visual, aural, textual, etc.) delivery of content, and downloadable as well as livestreamed content. In multilingual contexts, adapting to teachers’ language needs is also essential. In the SIDS programme, course content was often only available in French or English. However, to allow participants to conduct discussions in the language with which they were most comfortable, course facilitators allowed participants to form online breakout groups using other languages. Flexibility is a key feature in planning for teacher training Training teachers for distance education must be flexible, since teachers have competing and sometimes unforeseen demands on their time. Course content, pacing and assignments should be adjusted throughout the course according to participants’ changing needs. This is particularly important during emergency situations. For accreditation transparency and to maintain teacher motivation, courses can adapt to teachers’ time constraints by offering different levels of certification and micro-credentials for specific ICT skills. Careful planning that considers school calendars and teachers’ accessibility needs, as well as good communication campaigns, are essential to ensure successful enrolment and sustained attendance in teacher training. Registration should be easy and obstacle-free, and directly available online. In general, teacher training should not be scheduled at the beginning or at the end of the school year when teachers are busiest, or during long summer vacations when many teachers are not available. Partnerships are important for developing teacher training programmes for distance education Partnerships are particularly important in delivering distance education, since it requires considerable expertise and resources, including costly devices, uninterrupted connectivity, education software, open educational resources, and pedagogical and organizational expertise. Given that connectivity and device availability are often a barrier in online education, governments and stakeholders should develop partnerships with technology companies and internet providers to identify solutions, while ensuring that data security and participant privacy are respected. Educational technologies have proven to be useful to ensure continuity of education in emergency situations. Increasingly true to all societies, they are also among the basic tools needed to fully participate in our contemporary world. However, investing in these technologies will not achieve the desired results unless we also invest in teachers’ digital and related pedagogical skills. Initial and in-service teacher education must therefore be re-imagined including these skills and technologies. With their first-hand experience of the challenges and opportunities of remote teaching, teachers must be involved in the design, implementation and monitoring of distance learning and technology integration. In such a way, they must effectively be placed at the heart of wider education transformation. Glossary  *Asynchronous online learning:  Education and learning that occur online at a different time compared to when the teacher is instructing. **Synchronous online learning: Education and learning that occur online at the same time, but not in the same place with teachers and/or other learners. Photo credit: Abir Roy Barman/Shutterstock.com

Parenting in the digital age: Attitudes, controls and limitations regarding children's use of ICT - Gür, Duygu; Türel, Yalın Kılıç (Computers & Education, 2022)
Today, with the development of technology, many possibilities are offered to users; however, these possibilities bring along some risks and threats. It is very important to ensure that users, especially teenagers, can benefit from the possibilities of technology at the highest level by minimizing the existing risks. At this point, the roles, attitudes and behaviors of parents have an important effect. The purpose of this study is to reveal the attitudes, behaviors, controls and limitations of middle school students' parents towards their children's use of information technologies. For this purpose, data were collected from parents through survey and interviews. The participants of the study consisted of 354 parents of 6th and 7th grade students from seven public schools and four private schools. The parents filled out a questionnaire. Also, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 volunteer parents. According to the results, parents ‘attitudes towards their children's ICT use were positive and they especially supported their use of ICT for educational purposes. However, it was revealed that parents were concerned about the possible risks and security threats that their children may encounter in virtual environments, and therefore they take precaution in order to prevent their children from possible risks by informing, controlling and limiting their children. Based on the results, while children benefit from digital opportunities, they need to prevent themselves from digital risks as well through precautions and interventions with the support of school-parent cooperation.
Keywords: Digital parenting; Information and communication technologies (ICT); Limitations; Online risks; Parental control

Schools Are Looking for Evidence From Their Edtech. Are Companies Ready to Provide It? - EdSurge News - Tate, Emily (EdSurge, 2022)
Schools are awash in technology in a way never before seen, thanks to the mad dash toward digital that was prompted by the pandemic a little more than ...

Using virtual reality to help teachers better support refugee students - Chinen, Marjorie; Oviedo, Ana María (2022)
Virtual reality (VR) offers teachers and school administrators opportunities to foster empathy and cohesion with refugee students, as is already happening through a World Bank-supported project in Türkiye.

COVID-19 – a boundary crossing event for teacher educators.pdf - Donitsa-Schmidt, Smadar; Ramot, Rony (Journal of Education for Teaching, 2022)

Implementation of Kobo Collect in drought-affected Provinces - UNFPA Angola (2022)
Implementation of Kobo Collect in drought-affected Provinces

Effective Assessment and Progress Monitoring in an Online Environment: A Study in Six Countries - T4 Education; EdTech Hub (EdTech Hub, 2022)
The study was undertaken in six countries – Bangladesh, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, and South Africa. The data collection involved focus group discussions with two held in each country..

Edtech Should Be More Evidence-Driven - EdSurge News - Segura, Fabio; Sommer, Simon (EdSurge, 2022)
The $300 billion global edtech industry is full of promise – but its non-empirical approach has prevented true success

Teachers’ virtual communities of practice: A strong response in times of crisis or just another Fad? - Ghamrawi, Norma (Education and Information Technologies, 2022)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the perceived effectiveness of a virtual community of practice (vCoP) designed to support knowledge and expertise sharing between K-12 teachers during Covid-19 pandemic. Besides, it aimed at exploring the potential of such vCoPs in delivering effective professional development, in general, and during crisis in particular. The vCoP was developed by the researcher herself as part of a consultancy to the UNESCO. The sample included 696 participants who were members of the vCoP. The research methodology adopted was mixed methods. Quantitative data was collected through surveying; and qualitative data was collected through 8 focus group interviews each involving 6 participants. Statistical analysis was used to analyze survey data, while interviews data was analyzed using theme-based analysis. Findings showed that participants viewed vCoPs as effective tools for e-professional development in general and during crisis in particular. Facilitators and blockers confronting vCoP nourishment are presented and discussed. Discussions and conclusions are offered at the end of the study.
Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic; Crisis education; Professional development; Remote education; Social networking; Virtual communities of practice

EdTech and Girls Education in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Which Intervention Types Have the Greatest Impact on Learning Outcomes for Girls? - Jordan, Katy; Myers, Christina (Association for Computing Machinery, 2022)
Gender-based inequality in access to education is an issue of global concern. The use of educational technology is often cited as a potential way to help close educational gaps and promote girls' education. However, the existing evidence base in relation to girls' learning outcomes when using educational technology in low-income countries is limited. The evidence base was recently boosted by a study in which findings from classic educational development studies were revisited and disaggregated by gender. In this paper, we present a secondary analysis of this dataset, focusing specifically on the educational technology-focused interventions, and sourcing additional data. The analysis comprises 35 interventions, reported across 15 publications, published between 2003 and 2019. We discuss the relative efficacy of different types of educational technology interventions by comparing effect sizes of learning outcomes for girls. The findings suggest that interventions which focus on distributing hardware alone have mixed - and sometimes negative - effects on learning outcomes for girls. The impact of software-focused interventions is more positive, particularly personalised learning applications. Furthermore, we consider characteristics of the studies included in the analysis, and identify gaps in the literature which will help shape research in this field in the future.
Keywords: educational technology; equity; gender; girls education; international development; low- and middle-income countries

Is the Movies and Mobiles intervention a smart investment? - Orozco-Olvera, Victor; Rascón-Ramírez, Ericka G. (2022)

Decolonisation of curriculum: the case of language education policy in Nepal - Poudel, Prem Prasad; Jackson, Liz; Choi, Tae-Hee (London Review of Education, 2022)
While decolonisation is usually discussed in relation to countries that were formally colonised, countries that have not been formally colonised have also faced challenges related to colonialism. In this case, it is worth considering whether decolonial theory has more widespread applicability to respond to global challenges faced in the postcolonial era. This article documents the historical trajectories of colonisation and decolonisation of the school curriculum in Nepal. Although Nepal was never formally colonised, the introduction of modern schooling in Nepal was informed by the British colonisation of India, where local languages were replaced by English in the curriculum, diminishing the value of local languages and knowledges. Against this backdrop, the Nepal government issued a series of policies supporting Nepali supremacy, but the expansion of English was not significantly challenged. Rather, the policies resulted in a double colonisation of ethnic/Indigenous languages: external colonisation by English, and internal colonisation by the Nepali language. However, significant decolonisation efforts have recently made space for minoritised languages in the curriculum. This article illustrates these colonisation and decolonisation waves, shaped by the government, local communities and other actors. Drawing on Nepal’s legislative and educational policies, the article relates language policy decisions and actions as decolonial efforts to support ethnic/Indigenous languages and explores the implications for understanding tensions around decolonisation of curriculum.

The State of Global Learning Poverty: 2022 Update - Azevedo, Joao Pedro; Rogers, Halsey; Ahlgren, Ellinore; Akmal, Maryam; Cloutier, Marie-Helene; Ding, Elaine; Raza, Ahmed; Ning Wong, Yi; Montoya, Silvia; Chakroun, Borhene; Chang, Gwang-Chol; Guerriero, Sonia; et al. (The World Bank, 2022)

EdTech and Girls Education in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Which Intervention Types Have the Greatest Impact on Learning Outcomes for Girls? - Jordan, Katy; Myers, Christina (2022)
Gender-based inequality in access to education is an issue of global concern. The use of educational technology is often cited as a potential way to help close educational gaps and promote girls’ education. However, the existing evidence base in relation to girls’ learning outcomes when using educational technology in low-income countries is limited. The evidence base was recently boosted by a study in which findings from classic educational development studies were revisited and disaggregated by gender [7]. In this paper, we present a secondary analysis of this dataset, focusing specifically on the educational technology-focused interventions, and sourcing additional data. The analysis comprises 35 interventions, reported across 15 publications, published between 2003 and 2019.We discuss the relative efficacy of different types of educational technology interventions by comparing effect sizes of learning outcomes for girls. The findings suggest that interventions which focus on distributing hardware alone have mixed - and sometimes negative - effects on learning outcomes for girls. The impact of software-focused interventions is more positive, particularly personalised learning applications. Furthermore, we consider characteristics of the studies included in the analysis, and identify gaps in the literature which will help shape research in this field in the future.

Lessons from Kenya’s Education Reforms - World Bank (2022)

Teachers’ experiences of ICT training in Nepal: how teachers in rural primary schools learn and make progress in their ability to use ICT in classrooms - Rana, Karna; Greenwood, Janinka; Henderson, Robyn (Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 2022)
This article reports on teachers’ experiences of ICT training in rural areas of Nepal. It discusses aspects of policy documents to help understand the Nepali educational context, before highlighting the challenges of establishing and maintaining infrastructure and professional learning opportunities across a country with challenging terrain and extreme environmental conditions. It then examines teachers’ perceptions in five rural primary schools about their experiences of training to use modern educational technologies in instructional activities. The findings indicate that none of the teachers received training in the use of ICT in their initial teacher education and that the Government has allowed non-governmental organisations to provide ICT infrastructure and training for rural schools and teachers. Although this is a small study, it offers insights into the gap between policy and practice and highlights the contextual challenges of Nepal’s attempts to operate on a global educational level as well as the challenges for teachers.
Keywords: ICT training; Nepal education; TPACK; rural education; teacher professional development

The impacts of remote learning in secondary education during the pandemic in Brazil - Lichand, Guilherme; Doria, Carlos Alberto; Leal-Neto, Onicio; Fernandes, João Paulo Cossi (Nature Human Behaviour, 2022)
The transition to remote learning in the context of COVID-19 might have led to dramatic setbacks in education. Taking advantage of the fact that São Paulo State featured in-person classes for most of the ﬁrst school quarter of 2020, but not thereafter, we estimate the eﬀects of remote learning in secondary education using a diﬀerences-in-diﬀerences strategy that contrasts variation in students’ outcomes across diﬀerent school quarters, before and during the pandemic. We also estimate intention-to-treat (ITT) eﬀects of reopening schools in the pandemic through a triplediﬀerences strategy, contrasting changes in educational outcomes across municipalities and grades that resumed in-person classes or not over 2020’s last school quarter. We ﬁnd that, under remote learning, dropout risk increased by 365% and test scores decreased by 0.32 s.d., as if students had only learned 27.5% of the in-person equivalent. Partially resuming in-person classes increased test scores by 20% relative to the control group.

“How Dare They Peep into My Private Life?” - Han, Hye Jung (Human Rights Watch, 2022)
The 99-page report, “’How Dare They Peep into My Private Life?’: Children’s Rights Violations by Governments that Endorsed Online Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic,” is grounded in technical and policy analysis conducted by Human Rights Watch on 165 education technology (EdTech) products endorsed by 49 countries. It includes an examination of 294 companies found to have collected, processed, or received children’s data since March 2021, and calls on governments to adopt modern child data protection laws to protect children online.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Governments Harm Children’s Rights in Online Learning - Human Rights Watch (Human Rights Watch, 2022)
Governments of 49 of the world’s most populous countries harmed children’s rights by endorsing online learning products during Covid-19 school closures without adequately protecting children’s privacy.

Home Schooling during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Assessment of Malaysia’s PdPR Program - Asadullah, Niaz (Asian Development Bank, 2022)
The majority of homeschoolers in Malaysia prefer to return to on-site education once schools reopen.

Telementoring and homeschooling during school closures: A randomized experiment in rural Bangladesh - Hassan, Hashibul; Islam, Asad; Siddique, Abu; Wang, Liang Choon (SocArXiv, 2022)
Using a randomized controlled experiment in 200 Bangladeshi villages, we evaluate the impact of over-the-phone mentoring and homeschooling support delivered by volunteers on the learning outcomes of primary school children during school closures caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The telementoring program improved the learning outcomes of treated children by 0.75 SD and increased homeschooling involvement of treated mothers by 0.64 SD. The impacts on learning are driven primarily by the direct mentoring of children and to some extent also by the increased homeschooling involvement of mothers. Academically weaker children and households from lower socioeconomic backgrounds benefitted the most from telementoring.

Telementoring and homeschooling during school closures: A randomized experiment in rural Bangladesh - Hassan, Hashibul; Islam, Asad; Siddique, Abu; Wang, Liang Choon (SocArXiv, 2022)
Using a randomized controlled experiment in 200 Bangladeshi villages, we evaluate the impact of over-the-phone mentoring and homeschooling support delivered by volunteers on the learning outcomes of primary school children during school closures caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The telementoring program improved the learning outcomes of treated children by 0.75 SD and increased homeschooling involvement of treated mothers by 0.64 SD. The impacts on learning are driven primarily by the direct mentoring of children and to some extent also by the increased homeschooling involvement of mothers. Academically weaker children and households from lower socioeconomic backgrounds benefitted the most from telementoring.

Telementoring and homeschooling during school closures: A randomized experiment in rural Bangladesh - Hassan, Hashibul; Islam, Asad; Siddique, Abu; Wang, Liang Choon (SocArXiv, 2022)
Using a randomized controlled experiment in 200 Bangladeshi villages, we evaluate the impact of over-the-phone mentoring and homeschooling support delivered by volunteers on the learning outcomes of primary school children during school closures caused by the coronavirus pandemic. The telementoring program improved the learning outcomes of treated children by 0.75 SD and increased homeschooling involvement of treated mothers by 0.64 SD. The impacts on learning are driven primarily by the direct mentoring of children and to some extent also by the increased homeschooling involvement of mothers. Academically weaker children and households from lower socioeconomic backgrounds benefitted the most from telementoring.

Learning and working in the digital age: Advancing opportunities and identifying the risks - Goger, Annelies; Parco, Allyson; Vegas, Emiliana (Brookings, 2022)
Annelies Goger, Allyson Parco, and Emiliana Vegas provide a high-level map of the landscape of education and labor market innovations in formal and informal education.

When teachers are asked to deploy other teachers, we learn a lot about teacher preferences - McBurnie, Chris; Godwin, Katie; Bernard-Jones, Lydia; Haßler, Björn (EdTech Hub, 2022)
In Sierra Leone, the availability of facilities such as electricity and water strongly influences the preferences of some teachers. Here, we found that several teachers wanted to relocate to areas where they could access better working conditions, more transportation options, and a wider range of things to do in their free time.

An Analysis of COVID-19 Student Learning Loss - Patrinos, Harry Anthony; Vegas, Emiliana; Carter-Rau, Rohan (World Bank, 2022)
COVID-19 caused significant disruption to the global education system. Early reviews of the first wave of lockdowns and school closures suggested significant learning loss in a few countries. A more recent and thorough analysis of recorded learning loss evidence documented since the beginning of the school closures between March 2020 and March 2022 finds even more evidence of learning loss. Most studies observed increases in inequality where certain demographics of students experienced more significant learning losses than others. But there are also outliers, countries that managed to limit the amount of loss. This review aims to consolidate all the available evidence and documents the empirical findings. Thirty-six robust studies were identified, the majority of which find learning losses on average amounting to 0.17 of a standard deviation, equivalent to roughly a one-half year’s worth of learning. These findings confirm that learning loss is real and significant, even compared to the first year of the pandemic. Further work is needed to increase the quantity of studies produced, and to ascertain the reasons for learning loss and in a few cases mitigation of loss.
Keywords: Coronavirus Impact on Learning; Covid-19 Student Learning Loss; Education; Education Disruption; Educational Inequality; Human Capital Accumulation; Learning Inequality; Pandemic Education Impact; Remote Learning Quality; School Lockdowns; Systematic Education Review

Do Behavioral Nudges Work Under Remote Learning? Evidence from Brazil During the Pandemic - Lichand, Guilherme; Christen, Julien; van Egeraat, Eppie (Social Science Research Network, 2022)
Behavioral nudges have been shown to increase student attendance and grades across a variety of settings. In low- and middle-income countries, these effects are often mediated by parents showing up in school to a greater extent, ultimately monitoring teachers more closely. As such, could nudges improve educational outcomes even under remote learning? In particular, could they prevent at least part of the dramatic learning losses in the context of COVID-19, which left billions of children around the world without in-person classes? We study this question using a cluster-randomized control trial with 18, 256 students across 87 high schools in the State of Goiás, Brazil. We find that motivational nudges sent through text messages to students or their caregivers under remote learning significantly increased standardized test scores relative to the control group, preventing 7.5% of learning losses in math and 24% in Portuguese. Additional experiments that varied the content of nudges at the student level illustrate the opportunities and challenges of using behavioral insights to motivate students in the context of remote learning.
Keywords: COVID-19; Learning Losses; Nudges; Remote Learning

The More You Know, the Less You Stress: Menstrual Health Literacy in Schools Reduces Menstruation-Related Stress and Increases Self-Efficacy for Very Young Adolescent Girls in Mexico - Long, Jeanne L.; Haver, Jacquelyn; Mendoza, Pamela; Vargas Kotasek, Selvia M. (Frontiers in Global Women's Health, 2022)
Improving the menstrual health literacy of girls and boys is a key strategy within a holistic framework of Save the Children's school health and comprehensive sexuality education programming. As menstrual health is an emerging area of study and programming, Save the Children continues to learn and adjust its interventions using program evaluations and rigorous monitoring. This paper will examine program-monitoring data from three cohorts, representing 47 public schools in Mexico City, Puebla, and Mérida, Mexico. The study focuses on female students in 5th and 6th grade who participated in We See Equal, a school-based program centered on gender equality and puberty education, between September 2018 and December 2019. This study used a cross-sectional quantitative cohort approach to document changes in girls' experiences and perceptions around managing menstruation in school. The analysis compares girls' knowledge and experiences before and after participation in We See Equal to understand how knowledge changes over the program and how those changes may contribute to menstruation-related school engagement, stress, and self-efficacy (MENSES) outcomes. Multivariate regression models explored relationships between MENSES outcomes, knowledge and socioeconomic status (SES). Overall, results show that the more knowledge girls acquired, the higher their self-efficacy score and the lower their stress score, however, certain MHH knowledge was more predictive of MENSES outcomes and varied by SES. Among girls from lower SES, we observed significant relationships between knowing what their period was prior to menarche and the three MENSES outcomes. Decreases in menstruation-related stress were driven by items related to the practical knowledge of how to dispose of sanitary pads and reduced feelings of nervousness on days they had their period at school. Increases in self-efficacy were primarily driven by girls' confidence in their ability to track their period from month to month, feelings that they could still do well on an exam if they had their period at school, and security that they could ask a friend to lend them a pad if they needed one. Implications for future menstrual health literacy programming and targeting populations for menstrual health education, as well as priorities for future research will be discussed.

Evidence needs to be at the heart of $300 billion global edtech industry - Jacobs Foundation (Jacobs Foundation, 2022)
The Jacobs Foundation calls for a “culture shift”. This follows the launch of a global CHF 40 million initiative for greater collaboration between investors, edtech companies, and premier research institutions to help bridge the gap between research and edtech.

OU part of £5.5m research portfolio to improve education tech in low and middle income countries - Grimette, Hannah (OU News, 2022)
The Open University (OU) has launched a study with global research partner, Edtech Hub, to investigate the impact of technology on teaching in Bangladesh. Part of EdTech's first research portfolio, the OU's 3Mpower is one of 13 projects, which represents the largest investment in primary research on EdTech's use in low- and middle-income countries.

Educational technology for learners with disabilities in primary school settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review - Lynch, Paul; Singal, Nidhi; Francis, Gill Althia (Educational Review, 2022)
Educational Technology (EdTech) plays a significant role in enabling learners with disabilities to access learning at school and reduce educational and social exclusion. It also enables them to enjoy the benefits of a full school curriculum and to participate in activities in different educational arrangements. The purpose of this review was to address the existing evidence of how EdTech is being used to support learners with disabilities in order to inform future research and policymaking. It sought to contribute to an evidence base of ways to reduce barriers to learning drawing on a systematic methodology to gather evidence pertaining to access to EdTech for primary school learners with disabilities aged 6–12 years. After a thorough examination of the literature, the final sample comprised 51 published articles (43 peer-review and 8 conference papers). The review revealed examples of positive outcomes of EdTech interventions being used, particularly in special schools; however, the evidence of their efficacy is weak. The use of EdTech for learners with disabilities in low- and middle-income countries requires further, robust and long-term research that considers the involvement of learners, pedagogy and curriculum design in order to understand its impact on improving educational experiences of children with disabilities.
Keywords: Educational technology; assistive technology; disability; inclusive education; low- and middle-income countries; primary education

Remote Learning During COVID-19: Lessons from Today, Principles for Tomorrow - Munoz-Najar, Alberto; Gilberto, Alison; Hasan, Amer; Pedro Azevedo, João; Akmal, Maryam (World Bank Group, 2022)
School closures during COVID-19 (coronavirus) led to an unprecedented global experiment in the delivery of remote learning. This report seeks to assess what lessons can be drawn from experiences of remote learning during COVID-19 in K-12 education, with a focus on low- and middle-income countries. It focuses on the period from March 2020 to October 2021 and addresses the following key questions: 1. Was remote learning during COVID-19 taken up and if so, was it effective? That is, did children learn as much as they did during pre-pandemic, in-person learning? 2. What lessons can governments derive from this wide-spread experience? 3. How might policymakers use these lessons to reimagine learning as schools begin to reopen? This report is part of a larger effort led by the World Bank to provide guidance and technical assistance to optimize country effectiveness in the design and execution of remote learning strategies. It has been developed in conjunction with Remote Learning During the Global School Lockdown: Multi-Country Lessons, a qualitative study conducted between May and November 2020 to understand the perceived effectiveness of remote and remedial learning solutions implemented across 17 countries.

A spatial database of public primary day schools in western Kenya - Macharia, Peter M.; Moturi, Angela; Mumo, Eda; Snow, Robert W. (Harvard Dataverse, 2022)
Understanding the location of primary schools relative to population is important to contextualize the time, or distance, that students must travel...
Keywords: Other

Medium‐term expenditure frameworks: Credible instrument or mirage? - Raudla, Ringa; Douglas, James W.; MacCarthaigh, Muiris (Public Budgeting & Finance, 2022)
Medium‐term expenditure frameworks (MTEFs) are typically viewed as instruments to expand budget horizons beyond one year and to limit spending growth over the medium term (usually three to ﬁve years). In response to the ﬁscal crisis and EU requirements, many countries in Europe have adopted MTEFs over the past decade. We use elite interviews to examine whether the formal enactment of such frameworks has led to changes in actual budget practices in Finland, Austria, Portugal, and Ireland. Our analysis shows that the newly adopted MTEFs have not acted as binding constraints on ﬁscal policy.

Time for a safe back to school in Latin America and the Caribbean - Gabriela Alvarado, Maria (Save the Children International, 2022)
The COVID-19 pandemic has put the dreams of more than 159 million children and adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean [1] on a long pause, all of whom have been affected by excessive periods without classes. In this region an average of 168 school days have been lost since schools closed...

Time for a safe back to school in Latin America and the Caribbean - Gabriela Alvarado, Maria (Save the Children International, 2022)
The COVID-19 pandemic has put the dreams of more than 159 million children and adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean [1] on a long pause, all of whom have been affected by excessive periods without classes. In this region an average of 168 school days have been lost since schools closed...

'Let's learn together': co-creating mental health solutions with adolescents in Tanzania and Viet Nam - Myers, Christina; Samuels, Fiona; Kyungu, Esther; Mbowe, Dayani; Dang, Hoang-Minh; Vu, Van; Le, Ha; Leon-Himmelstine, Carmen; Pellini, Arnaldo (ODI: Think change, 2022)
Co-creation is when participants and key stakeholders themselves are central to the process of designing solutions. This approach challenges the idea that interventions should be designed for individuals, and instead focuses on contextualising interventions through designing solutions by the very individuals who will be using them.This ODI Case study explores the experiences and reflections that emerged from designing and implementing a co-creation process. The project, funded by Fondation Botnar, was aiming to respond to mental health and well-being challenges facing adolescents in Tanzania and Viet Nam by co-creating digital and non-digital solutions. In the context of Covid-19, it also presents insights that can be used to inform what a co-design process should consider in practice, as well as a few lessons learnt and suggestions on how to do things differently in future.

Restricted access: How the internet can be used to promote reading and learning - Derksen, Laura; Michaud-Leclerc, Catherine; Souza, Pedro C. L. (Journal of Development Economics, 2022)
Can schools use the internet to promote reading and learning? We provided Wikipedia access to randomly-selected students in Malawian boarding secondary schools. Students used the online resource broadly and intensively, and found it trustworthy, including for information about news and safe sex. We find a 0.10σ impact on English exam scores, and a higher impact among low achievers (0.20σ). Students used Wikipedia to study Biology, and exam scores increased for low achievers (0.14σ). Our results show that by restricting internet access to a source of engaging and accessible reading material, it is possible to encourage independent reading and affect educational outcomes.
Keywords: Development; Education; Information; Internet; Reading; Secondary school

AI ethics and learning: EdTech companies’ challenges and solutions - Kousa, Päivi; Niemi, Hannele (Interactive Learning Environments, 2022)
The aim of this study is to identify the ethical challenges, solutions and needs of educational technology (EdTech) companies. Qualitative data was collected in interviews with seven experts from four companies, and the data was analysed using inductive content analysis. The four main areas of challenges were ambiguous regulations, inequalities in human learning, ethical dilemmas in machine learning (ML) and lack of ability to assess consequences in society. According to the studied companies, AI regulations are difficult to understand and implement. There is also much to be done in terms of reliability, transparency, and safety. Consequently, companies suggested that AI-based products should be more preventive, safe, explicable, and equally accessible. Sufficient information, multi-professional support also within company, global collaboration, sharing best practices, and general discussion were emphasised. The results show that EdTech companies are aware of their ethical challenges, and their responsibility as disseminators of information. However, translating information into practice is challenging because it is often very fragmented and difficult to understand. Companies hoped that everyone: themselves, consumers, educational institutions, researchers, funders, and decision-makers would do more together to overcome the ethical challenges of AI.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence; EdTech companies; ethical challenges and solutions; ethical sustainability; responsibility

PNAE (National School Feeding Program) and its events of expansive learnings at municipal level - da Silva, Eliane Alves; Pedrozo, Eugenio Avila; da Silva, Tania Nunes (World, 2022)
The National School Feeding Program (PNAE for its acronym in Portuguese) is one of the largest food policies in the world, partially covering the daily needs of 44 billion students per year. In 2009, Law No. 11,947 established that at least 30% of the total financial transfer of PNAE was used in the purchase of foodstuff directly from family farming in the left-wing government of Lula. In practice, the rules allow public policy managers to choose between bidding or public call, provision by large agribusiness companies or by family farmers, and this is practiced in idiosyncratic ways by 5568 Brazilian municipalities. Each municipality organizes its own system. Therefore, the aim of this article is to analyze how the evolution of Law No. 11,947 promotes expansive learning in the Brazilian National School Feeding Program (NSFP-PNAE), located in the Western Amazon. As a theoretical framework, the Cultural–Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) and the Theory of Expansive Learning (TEL) were used. Qualitative research in an abductive reasoning was carried out, using a single and incorporated case study as its strategy. The study included 21 interviews, later analyzed by Content Analysis. The main contribution is the advance in solutions for societal needs, in terms of continuous collective collaboration, creating expansive learning, transformative or not, in both sides of productive systems and consumption, integrating family farmers and students by a healthy nutrition and feeding in the same system since 2009.
Keywords: NSFP-PNAE; expansive learning; nutritional and feeding program

Reshaping Adolescents' Gender Attitudes: Evidence from a School-Based Experiment in India - Dhar, Diva; Jain, Tarun; Jayachandran, Seema (American Economic Review, 2022)
This paper evaluates an intervention in India that engaged adolescent girls and boys in classroom discussions about gender equality for two years, aiming to reduce their support for societal norms that restrict women's and girls' opportunities. Using a randomized controlled trial, we find that the program made attitudes more supportive of gender equality by 0.18 standard deviations, or, equivalently, converted 16 percent of regressive attitudes. When we resurveyed study participants two years after the intervention had ended, the effects had persisted. The program also led to more gender-equal self-reported behavior, and we find weak evidence that it affected two revealed-preference measures.
Keywords: Child Care; Children; Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement, Micro-Based Behavioral Economics: Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making, Analysis of Education, Fertility; Family Planning; Non-labor Discrimination, Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development; Youth, Economics of Gender

Reshaping Adolescents' Gender Attitudes: Evidence from a School-Based Experiment in India - Dhar, Diva; Jain, Tarun; Jayachandran, Seema (American Economic Review, 2022)
This paper evaluates an intervention in India that engaged adolescent girls and boys in classroom discussions about gender equality for two years, aiming to reduce their support for societal norms that restrict women's and girls' opportunities. Using a randomized controlled trial, we find that the program made attitudes more supportive of gender equality by 0.18 standard deviations, or, equivalently, converted 16 percent of regressive attitudes. When we resurveyed study participants two years after the intervention had ended, the effects had persisted. The program also led to more gender-equal self-reported behavior, and we find weak evidence that it affected two revealed-preference measures.
Keywords: Child Care; Children; Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement, Micro-Based Behavioral Economics: Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making, Analysis of Education, Fertility; Family Planning; Non-labor Discrimination, Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development; Youth, Economics of Gender

Parenting in Bangladesh: A Review of the Literature from 2006 to 2018 - Jasmine, Umme Habiba; Nduna, Mzikazi (Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 2022)
This study was a point of departure for future research on the need for a coherent understanding and knowledge of parenting in Bangladesh. This article presents the findings from an integrative research review on parenting in Bangladesh. A comprehensive search conducted in PubMed, Science Direct, and PsychINFO using the keywords “parenting”, “childcare”, “motherhood”, “fatherhood”, “mothering”, “fathering”, each paired with “Bangladesh” yielded 246 articles. Twenty papers published between 2006 and 2018 were selected for thematic analysis based on pre-set criteria. In most studies, the term mother was used interchangeably with parent, with mothers regarded as the primary caregiver. Parenting in the Bangladeshi context was found to be conceptualized primarily in terms of attitudes, disciplinary practices, feeding, parent–child interaction, and psychosocial stimulation. Parenting components aimed at moral development and attachment building in children were underrepresented. The data revealed largely inconsistent and uncoordinated discussions of parental practices, demonstrating the lack of a holistic approach in the literature in Bangladesh. Research on parenting in Bangladesh favors gendered assumptions of females as the primary caregiver. Based on their findings, the authors recommend qualitative studies to better reflect and conceptualize the concept of parenting in Bangladesh.
Keywords: Bangladesh; gendered role; integrative review; literature review; mother; mère; parentalité; parenting; revue de littérature; revue intégrée; rôle genré

Where are we on education recovery? Taking the global pulse of a RAPID response - UNESCO; UNICEF; World Bank (2022)

Our Strategy, Part 1: Empowering decision-makers with evidence to improve learning for all - EdTech Hub (EdTech Hub, 2022)
For the last five months, EdTech Hub has been exploring and refining our strategy for advancing evidence in EdTech for low- and middle-income countries. We invite you to explore our thinking for how we will carry out this mission within our context and in partnership with the global EdTech community. Verna Lalbeharie, Executive Director Acknowledgements Thank you to all of…

Our Strategy, Part 2: Deep dive into our approach, focus countries, and theory of change - EdTech Hub (EdTech Hub, 2022)
In Part 2 of our strategy, we go deeper into EdTech Hub’s integrated approach to how we work, where we work, and how that comes together with our topics to inform our theory of change. Verna Lalbeharie, Executive Director The EdTech Hub integrated approach We do research because it is imperative to build deep quantitative and qualitative insight regarding how…

Pakistan: Federal Cabinet approves Draft Personal Data Protection Bill - OneTrust DataGuidance (DataGuidance, 2022)
OneTrust DataGuidance confirmed, on 28 February 2022, with Saeed Hasan Khan, Partner at S.U. Khan Associates Corporate & Legal Consultants, that the Federal Cabinet of Pakistan approved, on 16 February 2022, the draft of the Personal Data Protection Bill 2021. In particular, Mr Khan stated "The draft Bill will be considered and debated by the legislature and will then be adopted. Thereafter the law will be promulgated on receiving ascent of the President of Pakistan." You can read the draft Personal Data Protection Bill here.

National EdTech strategies: what, why, and who - Chuang, Rachel; Coflan, Caitlin; Giraldo (UNICEF), Juan-Pablo; Attfield (FCDO), Ian; Tungatarova (UNICEF), Auken; Tungatarova (UNICEF), Rachel Chuang, Caitlin Coflan, Juan-Pablo Giraldo (UNICEF), Ian Attfield (FCDO) and Auken (EdTech Hub, 2022)
Using evidence from Covid responses, the report advises policymakers responding to learning loss caused by the pandemic to use existing EdTech, and focus on good pedagogy that is supported, rather than replaced by, technology.

Dispelling the Myths: What the Research Says about Teacher Professional Learning - Hill, Heather C.; Papay, John P.; Schwartz, Nathaniel (2022)

ZIM (file format) - Wikipedia (Wikipedia, 2022)
The ZIM file format is an open file format that stores wiki content for offline usage. Its primary focus is the contents of Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects. The format allows for the compression of articles, features a full-text search index and native category and image handling similar to MediaWiki, and the entire file is easily indexable and readable using a program like Kiwix – unlike native Wikipedia XML database dumps. In addition to the open file format, the openZIM project provides support for an open-source ZIM reader called Kiwix. ZIM stands for "Zeno IMproved", as it replaces the earlier Zeno file format. Its file compression uses LZMA2, as implemented by the xz-utils library, and, more recently, Zstandard. The openZIM project is sponsored by Wikimedia CH, and supported by the Wikimedia Foundation.

Zomba District (Wikipedia, 2022)
Zomba District is one of twelve districts in the Southern Region of Malawi, surrounded by the districts of Chiradzulu, Blantyre, Mulanje, Phalombe, Machinga, Balaka and the Republic of Mozambique to the east. The total land area is 2,363 km2, representing three percent of the total land area of Malawi. The capital is Zomba.

India's Draft Data Policy Unlocks Government Data for All, Mulls Monetisation - Choudhury, Deepsekhar (2022)

SABER dataset - World Bank (World Bank, 2022)

Outcomes-based funding in education: Assessing cost effectiveness and accountability - Government Outcomes Lab (2022)

Leveraging mathematics software data to understand student learning and motivation during the COVID-19 pandemic - Rutherford, Teomara; Duck, Kerry; Rosenberg, Joshua M.; Patt, Raymond (Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2022)

The Use of Web 2.0 Tools in Mother-tongue Instruction: Teachers’ Experiences - Üzeyir, Süğümlü; Serkan, Aslan (International Journal of Education & Literacy Studies, 2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Ministry of East African Community (EAC), ASALs And Regional Development - The Ministry of East African Community, Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, Republic of Kenya (2022)

The effect of internet services on child education outcomes: evidence from poa! Internet in Kenya - Okyere, Charles Yaw (Journal of Development Effectiveness, 2022)
In 2016-2018 poa! Internet, a private internet service provider, distributed free internet services across schools in Nairobi, Kenya. Using inverse probability weighting (IPW) method, the study finds that the intervention significantly increases students’ internet use and training, receipt of information on educational content, and participation in information and communication technologies (ICTs) education programmes. However, the study does not find evidence that internet services increase school attendance. The results suggest that facilitating access to internet services in schools can significantly increase child computer and internet skills and training in developing countries, even if those investments have limited gains on school attendance.
Keywords: Internet services; Kenya; education; gender; quasi-experimental design

Estimation of the fundamental learning loss and learning poverty related to COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico - Hevia, Felipe J.; Vergara-Lope, Samana; Velásquez-Durán, Anabel; Calderón, David (International Journal of Educational Development, 2022)
There is evidence of learning loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is no related information for Mexico. The objective of the study is to estimate learning loss in reading and numeracy in Mexico. We compared the results of two household surveys conducted in 2019 and 2021. We interviewed 3161 children between 10 and 15 years. We estimated a learning loss according with SES in a range from 0.34–0.45 SD in reading and 0.62–0.82 SD in mathematics by COVID-19 pandemic, and an increase in learning poverty in a range of 25.7%–15.4% in reading and 29.8%–28.8% in numeracy. Gaps in fundamental learning by gender and SES increased. There is an urgent need develop a clear strategy to perform personalized diagnoses and implement remedial courses to address learning loss.
Keywords: Academic achievement; Educational equality; Learning assessment; Learning gap; Learning loss; Learning poverty

Estimation of the fundamental learning loss and learning poverty related to COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico - Hevia, Felipe J.; Vergara-Lope, Samana; Velásquez-Durán, Anabel; Calderón, David (International Journal of Educational Development, 2022)
There is evidence of learning loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is no related information for Mexico. The objective of the study is to estimate learning loss in reading and numeracy in Mexico. We compared the results of two household surveys conducted in 2019 and 2021. We interviewed 3161 children between 10 and 15 years. We estimated a learning loss according with SES in a range from 0.34–0.45 SD in reading and 0.62–0.82 SD in mathematics by COVID-19 pandemic, and an increase in learning poverty in a range of 25.7%–15.4% in reading and 29.8%–28.8% in numeracy. Gaps in fundamental learning by gender and SES increased. There is an urgent need develop a clear strategy to perform personalized diagnoses and implement remedial courses to address learning loss.
Keywords: Academic achievement; Educational equality; Learning assessment; Learning gap; Learning loss; Learning poverty

Applying the self-determination theory (SDT) to explain student engagement in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic - Chiu, Thomas K. F. (Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 2022)
During school closures forced by the COVID-19 pandemic, remote/online learning has been adopted to help students continue to learn. Student engagement, which is energized by motivation as explained by self-determination theory (SDT), is a prerequisite for learning. Therefore, this study investigated how the three perceived psychological needs in SDT affected student engagement in online learning using pre- and post-questionnaires completed by 1201 Grade 8 and 9 students within 6 weeks of partaking in online learning. The results suggested that digital support strategies better satisfied students’ needs, that all of the needs were predictors of the level of engagement, and that relatedness support was very important.
Keywords: K-12 education; Online learning; pandemic; self-determination theory; student engagement

Tracing students' mathematics learning loss during school closures in teachers' self-reported practices - Haser, Çiğdem; Doğan, Oğuzhan; Kurt Erhan, Gönül (International Journal of Educational Development, 2022)
The study explored how mathematics learning loss took place among Turkish middle school students during the COVID-19 school closures through mathematics teachers' self-reported practices, challenges, and efforts while they were trying to support their students' learning. Interviews with 19 public and 9 private middle school mathematics teachers indicated that there were certain differences in teachers' practices and revealed the existing inequalities among the schools, classrooms, and students. Students' lack of participation, teachers' limited use of methods to teach mathematics, the socio-economic status of families and their lack of collaboration with teachers were among the reasons for mathematics learning loss. • Existing inequalities among the students reflected on mathematics learning loss. • Public and private school mathematics teachers' practices differed significantly. • Teaching practices were limited by the students' access to internet and technology. • Students' limited/lack of access to the learning environment caused learning loss. • The pedagogical approaches teachers used were drastically decreased during pandemic.
Keywords: COVID-19; Inequality; Mathematics learning loss; Mathematics teachers; Middle school students; Remote teaching

Estimation of the fundamental learning loss and learning poverty related to COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico - Hevia, Felipe J.; Vergara-Lope, Samana; Velásquez-Durán, Anabel; Calderón, David (International Journal of Educational Development, 2022)
There is evidence of learning loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is no related information for Mexico. The objective of the study is to estimate learning loss in reading and numeracy in Mexico. We compared the results of two household surveys conducted in 2019 and 2021. We interviewed 3161 children between 10 and 15 years. We estimated a learning loss according with SES in a range from 0.34–0.45 SD in reading and 0.62–0.82 SD in mathematics by COVID-19 pandemic, and an increase in learning poverty in a range of 25.7%–15.4% in reading and 29.8%–28.8% in numeracy. Gaps in fundamental learning by gender and SES increased. There is an urgent need develop a clear strategy to perform personalized diagnoses and implement remedial courses to address learning loss. • Prolonged school closures have increased learning loss around the world. • In Mexico, we estimated a learning loss in a range from 0.34 to.045 SD in reading and 0.62-0.82 SD in numeracy. • According to SES, we found an increase in learning poverty in a range of 25.7%–15.4% in reading and 29.8%–28.8% in numeracy. • Gaps in fundamental learning by gender and SES increased. • We discussed the need to establish a strategy to address these lags through remedial courses that teach at the right level.
Keywords: Academic achievement; Educational equality; Learning assessment; Learning gap; Learning loss; Learning poverty

Estimation of the fundamental learning loss and learning poverty related to COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico - Hevia, Felipe J.; Vergara-Lope, Samana; Velásquez-Durán, Anabel; Calderón, David (International Journal of Educational Development, 2022)
There is evidence of learning loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is no related information for Mexico. The objective of the study is to estimate learning loss in reading and numeracy in Mexico. We compared the results of two household surveys conducted in 2019 and 2021. We interviewed 3161 children between 10 and 15 years. We estimated a learning loss according with SES in a range from 0.34–0.45 SD in reading and 0.62–0.82 SD in mathematics by COVID-19 pandemic, and an increase in learning poverty in a range of 25.7%–15.4% in reading and 29.8%–28.8% in numeracy. Gaps in fundamental learning by gender and SES increased. There is an urgent need develop a clear strategy to perform personalized diagnoses and implement remedial courses to address learning loss. • Prolonged school closures have increased learning loss around the world. • In Mexico, we estimated a learning loss in a range from 0.34 to.045 SD in reading and 0.62-0.82 SD in numeracy. • According to SES, we found an increase in learning poverty in a range of 25.7%–15.4% in reading and 29.8%–28.8% in numeracy. • Gaps in fundamental learning by gender and SES increased. • We discussed the need to establish a strategy to address these lags through remedial courses that teach at the right level.
Keywords: Academic achievement; Educational equality; Learning assessment; Learning gap; Learning loss; Learning poverty

Global Economic Prospects - World Bank (2022)
Although global economic output is recovering from the collapse triggered by COVID-19, it will remain below pre-pandemic trends for a prolonged period.

Blended Learning For All (BEFA) - a2i (2022)

Teacher Training and Support in Africa during the COVID-19 Pandemic. - ADEA; AU/CIEFFA; APHRC (Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA); African Union’s International Center for Girls’ and Women’s Education in Africa (AU/CIEFFA); African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), 2022)

Tech-enhanced Continuous Professional Development​ - Aga Khan University (2022)
As a private, non-denominational university, AKU is committed to quality education and promoting human welfare through teaching, research and community service initiatives.

Nudging Parents to Increase Preschool Attendance in Uruguay - Ajzenman, Nicolas; Luna, Laura; Hernández-Agramonte, Juan; Boo, Florencia; Vásquez-Echeverría, Alejandro; Diaz, Mercedes (SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022)

Personalized learning - Alam, Andaleeb; Castillo (UNICEF Office of Global Insight & Policy, 2022)
A landscape analysis of tech-enabled personalized learning solutions in developing country contexts.

Whose Data is it Anyway?: Decoding the Draft India Data Accessibility & Use Policy, 2022 - Alliance for Digital India Foundation (2022)
If India wants to fulfil its ambition of achieving a $5 trillion economy, it has to hone its ability of harnessing the value of data.

Annual Status of Education Report 2021 (ASER, 2022)

Achieving Cost-Effective Instructional Coaching at Scale: Evidence from Senegal - Bagby, Emilie; Swift-Morgan, Jennifer; Niang, Ablaye; Upadhyay, Arjun (Chemonics International, 2022)

Floods in Pakistan: Human Development at Risk - Barón, Juan D.; Bend, Mary; Roseo, Elena; Farrakh, Izza (World Bank, 2022)
This note assesses the effects of the 2022 floods on human capital in Pakistan. It focuses on the results of a Pakistan-wide phone survey that gathered information on the experiences of approximately 4,000 families with children ages 3 to 17.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Non-financial rewards and job commitment among public secondary school teachers in Ogun State Public Secondary Schools - Bawalla, Oluwatoyin Gbenga; Omolawal, Ayodeji Samuel (Reality of Politics. Estimates - Comments - Forecasts, 2022)
The study examined the relationship between non-financial rewards and teachers job commitment in the educational sector in Ogun State, Nigeria. A survey was conducted on public secondary school teachers to examine the relationship between non-financial rewards (promotion, study leave and sponsorship, provision of long service awards) and teachers’ job commitment. A sample of 750 full-time teachers was taken. Thirty schools were randomly selected across the three senatorial districts of Ogun State. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on socio-demographic characteristics and types of non-financial rewards available to public secondary school teachers in Ogun State. The response rate was 90.2%. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was used to test the relationship between non-financial and teachers job commitment. The result showed that non-financial rewards are a strong determinant of job commitment for the teachers in the state public secondary schools. It was therefore recommended that government and other relevant stakeholders in the educational sector are to reward teachers adequately by making use of non-financial rewards.
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Lowering Barriers to Remote Education: Experimental Impacts on Parental Responses and Learning - Beam, Emily; Mukherjee, Priya; Navarro-Sola, Laia (SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022)
We conduct a randomized controlled trial with households of secondary school students in Bangladesh to investigate how parents adjust their investments in response to three educational interventions: an informational campaign about an educational phone application, an internet data subsidy, and oneon-one phone learning support. We find that offering an educational service in a context where other barriers to take-up exist can still trigger parental educational investments by acting as a signal or nudge. These behavioral changes result in lasting learning gains concentrated among richer households, reflecting that the relevant behavior change—increased tutoring investment—is easier for them to implement. In contrast, when interventions do increase take-up, they have the potential to narrow the socioeconomic achievement gap. We observe that increased usage of the targeted educational service limits parental behavioral responses. This implies that learning gains in these cases are directly caused by the potential effectiveness of the services adopted. In our setting, remote one-to-one teacher support improves learning among students from poorer households, whereas receiving the free data package jointly with the app information has no impact on learning.

Hyderbad police bust racket selling fake degree certificates, 10 held - Buddi, Mahesh (2022)

Loss-of-Learning and the Post-Covid Recovery in Low-Income Countries - Buffie, Edward; Adam, Christopher; Kpodar, Kangni; Zanna, Luis-Felipe (IMF Working Papers, 2022)
We analyze the medium-term macroeconomic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and associated lock-down measures on low-income countries. We focus on the impact over the medium-run of the degradation of health and human capital caused by the pandemic and its aftermath, exploring the tradeoffs between rebuilding human capital and the recovery of livelihoods and macroeconomic sustainability. A dynamic general equilibrium model is calibrated to reflect the structural characteristics of vulnerable lowincome countries and to replicate key dimensions of the Covid-19 shock. We show that absent significant and sustained external financing, the persistence of loss-of-learning effects on labor productivity is likely to make the post-Covid recovery more attenuated and more expensive than many contemporary analyses suggest.

Getting the most out of your SMS Survey: Experimental Results - Busara (Busara Center for Behavioral Economics, 2022)
Summary and Goal of the Study: Together with mSurvey we ran a study with ~9000 participants to test 1) whether we can collect useable and valid SMS survey data, 2) whether there are marked differences between the Busara pool and the mSurvey pool – different in demographics, recruitment method, and familiarity with SMS surveys, and […]

Developing Teacher Leadership and Teaching Practice for the Use of Formative Assessment to Improve Students’ Learning - Campbell, Carol; DeLuca, Christopher; LaPointe-McEwan, Danielle (2022)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Global Experience with EMIS (unpublished note) - Center for Global Development (Center for Global Development, 2022)
Global Experience with EMIS This brief sets out a review of international practice on Education Management Information Systems (EMIS). High-income Countries High-income countries typically have data systems that are integrated and open. The public may look up individual schools online and see...

Final Report for Evaluation of RTT - Centre for Research and Integrated Development (Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, Zimbabwe); UNESCO Regional Office for Southern Africa; Open Development and Education (OpenDevEd, 2022)

Teacher Rotation and Student Outcomes: Experimental Evidence from Uganda - Cohen, Isabelle; Dal Bo, Ernesto; Finan, Federico; Omala, Kizito; Schonholzer, David (2022)
This report summarizes an ongoing study of the effect of teacher rotation on student outcomes in Uganda. In the status quo, teachers are transferred (“rotated”) across schools at the discretion of district authorities. In randomized treatment schools, we incentivize teachers...

Council approves Data Governance Act - Council of the EU (2022)
The Council today approved a new law to promote the availability of data and build a trustworthy environment to facilitate their use.

Feed The Monster (US English) - Curious Learning (2022)

d-portal - d-portal.org (Development Portal (IATI), 2022)

EdTech for Ugandan girls: Affordances of different technologies for girls' secondary education during the Covid-19 pandemic - Damani, Kalifa; Daltry, Rebecca; Jordan, Katy; Hills, Libby; Evans, Laura (Development Policy Review, 2022)
Motivation This article discusses the use of educational technology (EdTech) in girls' education at PEAS (Promoting Education in African Schools) schools in rural Uganda during the Covid-19-related school closures. Purpose This article addresses a research gap surrounding the potential use of EdTech to support girls' education, focusing on the barriers to girls' EdTech use and how technology might be used to enhance girls' education in disadvantaged rural areas—specifically their academic learning and their social and emotional learning. Methods and approach A sequential, explanatory mixed-methods case-study approach was used. Quantitative exploration of a dataset of 483 Ugandan students, from 28 PEAS schools, was first conducted, followed by interviews with PEAS staff to elucidate the reasons and context behind the findings. Findings Findings show that female students are less likely than male students to have access to their caregivers' phones for learning. The form of EdTech that appeared to be most beneficial for girls' academic learning was radio; girls also had significantly more interest in tuning into radio broadcasts than boys did. Also, poorer boys were more likely to be influenced by SMS messages than wealthier boys. Apart from gender-based differences, students with more highly educated parents found SMS messages more helpful, and phone calls from teachers appeared to help boost younger students' self-confidence. Policy implications The findings suggest that policy-makers need to: carefully consider provision of education through multiple modes of EdTech in order to ensure that it reaches all students; ensure that caregivers are involved in the strategies developed for girls' education; make EdTech interventions interactive; and consider language in EdTech interventions. Given the gender differences which emerged, the findings are of relevance both to supporting the continuation of educational provision during periods of school closure, and also in terms of finding additional ways to support girls' education alongside formal schooling.
Keywords: Covid-19; EdTech; education; gender; rural Uganda

DHIS2 for Education - DHIS (DHIS2, 2022)
Leverage DHIS2 tools and regional HISP capacity to facilitate data use for improvement in learning outcomes and equitable access to education

DLA Piper Global Data Protection Laws of the World - World Map - DLA Piper (2022)

How to Design and Institutionalize Spending Reviews - Doherty, Laura; Sayegh, Amanda (2022)
Spending reviews refer to the process of conducting in-depth assessments of existing public expenditure in order to identify opportunities to reduce or redirect spending from low-priority, inefficient, or ineffective spending. They offer a systemic approach to ensuring that spending is aligned with the government’s policy priorities, is effective in achieving its intended objectives and is deployed efficiently. This How to Note outlines the various objectives of spending reviews and provides guidance on designing a spending review process, including the organizational architecture and roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders. It also discusses the various stages of con¬ducting spending reviews and mechanisms for integrat¬ing their outcomes into the budget process. This note draws on lessons and experiences from countries that have established spending reviews, while recognizing that this is an emerging area for further reform.

Knowledge Pack: Remote phone-based formative assessment - EdTech and LEeP team (2022)
Remote Phone-Based Formative Assessment Knowledge Pack (English)

Knowledge Pack: Assistive Technologies - EdTech team (World Bank Group, 2022)

Knowledge Pack: Cloud for Education. - EdTech team (World Bank Group, 2022)
Cloud for Education Knowledge Pack (English)

Knowledge Pack: Devices for education - EdTech team (World Bank Group, 2022)

Knowledge Pack: Digital Teaching and Learning - EdTech team (World Bank Group, 2022)
Digital Teaching and Learning Knowledge Pack (English)

Knowledge Pack: Innovation Ecosystems - EdTech team (World Bank, 2022)