Using data to improve the quality of education - UNESCO IIEP (Monitoring Learning, 2020)

Education | Liberia - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2020)

International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2020)
The world's education systems vary widely in terms of structure and curricular content. Consequently, it can be difficult to compare national education systems with those of other countries or to benchmark progress towards national and international goals. ...

Out-of-school children, adolescents and youth - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2020)
Definition: Number of children and young people in the official age range for the given level of education who are not enrolled in pre-primary, primary, secondary or higher levels of education.Data sourceAdministrative data from schools or household survey data on enrolment by single year of age; population censuses and surveys for population estimates by single year of age (if using administrative data on enrolment); administrative data from ministries of education on the structure (entrance age and duration) of the education system....
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

SDG 4 Dashboard - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2020)

United Republic of Tanzania - UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UNESCO Institute for Statistics website, 2020)
...

UIS Statistics - UNESCO Institute of Statistics (2020)

TVET Country Profile — Timor Leste - UNESCO‐UNEVOC International Centre for Technical and Vocational Education and Training; SEAMEO‐VOCTECH Regional Centre (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Lao TVET Country Profile - UNESCO; UNEVOC (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Coming Together for Refugee Education - UNHCR (2020)

Situation Syria Regional Refugee Response - UNHCR (2020)

Closing the Gap: Asia Education Update - UNHCR Regional Bureau for Asia and the Pacific (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Children with disabilities | UNICEF Lao People's Democratic Republic - UNICEF (2020)
Access for all, no matter what
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

COVID-19 and School Closures: Are children able to continue learning - UNICEF (2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

COVID-19 - Are children able to continue learning during school closures? A global analysis of the potential reach of remote learning policies using data from 100 countries - UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund, 2020)

COVID-19: Más del 95 por ciento de niños y niñas está fuera de las escuelas de América Latina y el Caribe - UNICEF (2020)

Education - UNICEF (2020)
Providing quality education to all

Education cannot wait - UNICEF (2020)
Learning continues for students in KP despite the pandemic

Education: Giving Every Child the Right to Education - UNICEF (2020)
Providing quality education to all

GIGA - UNICEF (2020)
Connecting Every School to the Internet

Good governance of children’s data - UNICEF (2020)
Developing a manifesto to protect children’s data security and privacy

Guidance on Distance Learning Modalities to Reach All Children and Youth During School Closures - UNICEF (UNICEF Regional Office for South Asia, 2020)

How many children and young people have internet access at home? Estimating digital connectivity during the COVID-19 pandemic - UNICEF (United Nations Children's Fund, 2020)

Malaysia – Empowering teachers to deliver blended learning after school reopening - UNICEF (2020)

Mapping gender equality in STEM from school to work | UNICEF Office of Global Insight & Policy - UNICEF (2020)

National education sector investment plan - UNICEF (Government of Malawi, 2020)
Ministry of Education

Opening Up Better Schools Toolkit - UNICEF (Humanitarian UNICEF, 2020)
The “Risk Assessment Tool for Schools Reopening” and the “Opening Up Better Schools Toolkit” are tools designed to help with the thinking and actions needed to build back better schools. The two tools draw on existing guidance from UNICEF and other UN Agencies, and include a compilation of checklists and technical guides that decision-makers, practitioners and development organizations can use to help assess the readiness for a safe reopening of school and define and/or support a comprehensive approach to school reopening.

Policy Brief: The Impact of COVID-19 on children - UNICEF (2020)
Effects of COVID-19

Primary and Secondary Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children and Women in Ghana - UNICEF (COVID-19 IMPacts on Children, 2020)

Printed materials - Google Drive - UNICEF (2020)

Reimagine Education and Skills Development for Children and Adolescents in Latin America and the Caribbean - UNICEF (2020)

Reimagine Education: ICT and Innovation in Timor-Leste | UNICEF Timor-Leste - UNICEF (2020)
Timor-Leste’s First Conference and Exhibition on ICT and Innovation in Education
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Reimagine Education – Summary Case for Investment - UNICEF (2020)

Reimagining our Future: Building Back Better from COVID-19 - UNICEF (2020)
This report presents the need to link COVID-19 recovery and response to climate and environmental action and details UNICEF's proposed solutions to reduce the impact of COVID-19 that can at the same time create a foundation for a greener, more sustainable future for children.
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Republic of Sierra Leone: Education sector analysis: assessing the enabling environment for gender equality - UNICEF (2020)

Review of Education Management Information Systems (EMIS) that Track Individual Student Data - Malaysia - UNICEF (2020)

Review of Education Management Information Systems (EMIS) That Track Individual Student Data Summary Report - UNICEF (2020)

Safe to Learn during COVID-19: Recommendations to Prevent and Respond to Violence against Children in all Learning Environments - UNICEF (2020)

School Mapping - UNICEF (2020)
To map every school in the world and show their connectivity

Situation of women and children in Nigeria - UNICEF (2020)
Challenges faced by women and children in Nigeria

The Impacts of COVID-19 on Children in Mozambique - UNICEF (UNICEF Mozambique, 2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Towards an Equal Future: Reimagining Girls’ Education Through Stem - UNICEF (UNICEF, 2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

UNICEF Education COVID-19 case study: Malaysia – Empowering teachers to deliver blended learning after school reopening | UNICEF Evaluation - UNICEF (2020)
In Malaysia, schools were closed on 18 March 2020, disrupting learning for five million students. To keep children learning, the Ministry of Education launched an online teaching and learning platform nationwide. The national platform has kept 3 million children learning during school closures and will continue to play an important role after gradual school reopening starting 24 June 2020 as part of the country’s approach of blending face-to-face and online learning. A critical part of the platform is the Komuniti Guru Digital Learning or Teacher Digital Learning Community, established with support from UNICEF, that aims to equip teachers with the skills and knowledge required to deliver distance classes effectively and efficiently through a five-module online teacher training course that includes notes, video tutorials, and quizzes on how to plan, build and launch digital content for remote teaching and learning. To date, around 2,400 teachers from over 1,600 schools all over the country have participated in the online teacher training. Originally published OCHA Humanitarian Response and ReliefWeb

UNICEF scales up support to keep children learning, as COVID-19 forces schools to close - UNICEF (2020)

Why are Boys Leaving Lower Secondary School in Cambodia? - UNICEF (2020)

UNICEF Education COVID-19 Case Study - UNICEF Malaysia (2020)

Nigeria | Education - UNICEF Nigeria (2020)
See how UNICEF in Nigeria supports children so they can attend school and learn.

Leveraging Education Technology to Reach Disadvantaged Children and Youth - UNICEF (ROSA) (2020)

Monitoring Distance Learning During School Closures - UNICEF ROSA (2020)

ICT for Learning Process and Tools – Volume II | UNICEF Eastern and Southern Africa - UNICEF; Aga Khan Foundation and Innovation Unit (2020)

Country Report Lao People’s Democratic Republic Lao Social Indicator Survey II 2017 MICS - UNICEF; Government of Lao People's Democratic Republic (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

How many children and young people have internet access at home - UNICEF; ITU (2020)

Towards an equal future: Reimagining girls’ education through STEM - UNICEF; ITU (2020)
Marking the 25th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action

Reimagine Education: ICT & Innovation in Timor-Leste - UNICEF; Ministry of Education (2020)

Mozambique school children face ‘catastrophic’ fall-out from COVID-19: A UN Resident Coordinator blog | Africa Renewal - United Nations (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Policy Brief: Education during COVID-19 and beyond - United Nations (2020)

UN Flagship Report Disability. - United Nations (2020)

UN radio spreads Covid-19 information to remote areas - United Nations (United Nations, 2020)
In the Central African Republic, radio broadcasts are a useful means to share public information, especially to the most remote populations. UN Volunteers assigned with the MINUSCA’s radio are on the frontline to raise awareness aboutt the COVID-19 pandemic. These dedicated UN Volunteers share current up-dates on COVID-19 via radio programmes, while advocating for prevention and protection measures.

Human Development Reports - United Nations Development Programme (2020)

Teachers and mothers join forces to keep girls in school in Malawi - United Nations Population Fund (Africa Renewal, 2020)

Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all - United Nations Statistics Division (2020)

Policy Brief: A Disability Inclusive Response to COVID-19 - United Nations Sustainable Development Group (UNSDG) (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Schools ICT project - Universal Access Development Fund (Sierra Leone) (2020)

Universal Access Development Fund | Home - Universal Access Development Fund (Sierra Leone) (2020)

Summative Evaluation of GPE’s Country-Level Support to Education: Bangladesh - Universalia (2020)

Policy Brief: Education during COVID-19 and beyond - UNSDG (2020)
The COVID-19 pandemic has created the largest disruption of education systems in history, affecting nearly 1.6 billion l

Private education and compliance with the Abidjan Principles: A study of Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania and Nigeria - Unterhalter, Elaine; Robinson, Lynsey; Luis, Jose; Canelhas, Benito; Coysh, Joanne (ActionAid, 2020)

Education for the most marginalised post-COVID-19: Guidance for governments on the use of digital technologies in education - Unwin, Tim; Naseem, Azra; Pawluczuk, Alicja; Shareef, Mohamed; Spiesberger, Paul; West, Paul; Yoo, Christopher (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation, 2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate; ⛔ No DOI found

Education for the most marginalised post-COVID-19: Guidance for governments on the use of digital technologies in education ACT TWO (OF THREE): FULL REPORT - Unwin, Tim; Naseem, Azra; Pawluczuk, Alicja; Shareef, Mohamed; Spiesberger, Paul; West, Paul; Yoo, Christopher (EdTech Hub, UNESCO, UniTwin, 2020)

Report homepage https://edtechhub.org/education-for-the-most-marginalised-post-covid-19/ - Unwin, Tim; Naseem, Azra; Pawluczuk, Alicja; Shareef, Mohamed; Spiesberger, Paul; West, Paul; Yoo, Christopher (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

EdTech in Liberia: A Rapid Scan - Upadhyay, Arjun; Taddese, Abeba (EdTech Hub, 2020)
EdTech Hub country scans explore factors that enable and hinder the use of technology in education. These factors include the policy or vision for EdTech, institutional capacity, private sector partnerships, and digital infrastructure. The scans are intended to be comprehensive but are by no means exhaustive. The aim is to provide a useful starting point for more in-depth discussions about opportunities and barriers in EdTech in specific countries and, in this case, Liberia. This report is based primarily on desk research, with quality assurance provided by a country expert.
Keywords: C:Liberia; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH

EdTech in Senegal: A Rapid Scan - Upadhyay, Arjun; Taddese, Abeba (EdTech Hub, 2020)
EdTech Hub country scans explore factors that enable and hinder the use of technology in education. These factors include the policy or vision for EdTech, institutional capacity, private sector partnerships, and digital infrastructure. The scans are intended to be comprehensive but are by no means exhaustive. The aim is to provide a useful starting point for more in-depth discussions about opportunities and barriers in EdTech in specific countries and, in this case, Liberia. This report is based primarily on desk research, with quality assurance provided by a country expert.
Keywords: C:Senegal; LP: English; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; pu

2019 Civil Society Organization Sustainability Index - for Asia 6th Edition – December 2020 - USAID (United States Agency for International Development Bureau for Democracy, Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance Center of Excellence on Democracy, Human Rights and Governance, 2020)

ICT4E How-To Note Final_Feb20.pdf - USAID (2020)

Language of Instruction Country Profile: South Africa - USAID (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

USAID digital strategy - USAID (USAID, 2020)

USAID Digital Strategy - USAID (2020)

USAID Partnership for Education - USAID (Global Reading Network, 2020)
The USAID Ghana Partnership for Education: Learning activity developed a phonics-based reading program that will provide evidence-based tools and strategies for improving reading performance in 100 districts in Ghana, reaching approximately 1.1 million primary students. This brochure provides an overview of Learning’s approach, which includes teacher professional development models, methods for scaling up, a model for primary mathematics, a rigorous monitoring and support system and a learning-by-doing approach to capacity development. The brochure also highlights strong results from a prototype of the program conducted in the Dagbani language.

Are Our Children Learning? The Status of Remote-learning among School-going Children in Kenya during the Covid-19 Crisis - Usawa Agenda (Usawa Agenda, 2020)

Ustad Mobile – Access and share education content offline - Ustad (Ustad Mobile, 2020)

Covid-19 disrupts education in rural Bangladesh - Uttom, Stephan; Rozario, Rock (UCA News, 2020)
Pupils and teachers lament lack of access to online classes due to poverty

Are Our Children Learning? The status of remote-learning among school-going children in Kenya during the Covid-19 Crisis - Uwezo (Usawa Agenda, 2020)

Efficiency and effectiveness in choosing and using an EMIS - van Wyk, Chris; Crouch, Luis (UNESCO, 2020)

Efficiency and effectiveness in choosing and using an EMIS - van Wyk, Chris; Crouch, Luis (UNESCO, 2020)

Building back better: Education systems for resilience, equity and quality in the age of Covid-19 - Vu, B.T.; Savonitto, I.S. (World Bank, 2020)

Save Our Education: Protect every child’s right to learn in the COVID-19 response and recovery - Wagner, Emma; Warren, Hollie (Save The Children, 2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Cost Analysis Guidance for USAID-Funded Education Activities - Walls, Elena; Tulloch, Caitlin; Harris-Van Keuren, Christine (United States Agency for International Development, 2020)

Cost Measurement Guidance Note for Donor-Funded Education Programming - Walls, Elena; Tulloch, Caitlin; Holla, Alaka (United States Agency for International Development, prepared for Building Evidence in Education (BE2), 2020)

Misallocation in the Public Sector? Cross-Country Evidence from Two Million Primary Schools, - Walter, Torsten Figueiredo (STICERD - Economic Organisation and Public Policy Discussion Papers Series, 2020)

Can't Wait To Learn - War Child Holland (Warchild English, 2020)
War Child empowers children and young people in conflict areas by providing psychosocial support, stimulating education and protecting children from the effects of war.

Save Our Education: Protect every child’s right to learn in the COVID-19 response and recovery - Warren, Hollie; Wagner, Emma (Save the Children, 2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

RECOVR Sierra Leone: Tracking the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic - Warren, Shana; Parkerson, Doug; Collins, Elliott (Innovations for Poverty Action, 2020)

Using Technology to Change Education: Blended Learning in the Science Classroom - Washington, LaToya (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The relationship between educational television and mathematics capability in Tanzania - Watson, Joseph; Hennessy, Sara; Vignoles, Anna (British Journal of Educational Technology, 2020)
Previous studies have frequently demonstrated that educational television viewing can have a positive effect on learning in low-income country contexts when shows are delivered in controlled settings. However, the consequence of day-to-day viewing in such contexts has scarcely been considered. Additionally, no recent published research has provided any information on the costs of educational television. The lack of research in these areas is striking. Examining educational television viewing in monitored settings provides limited information on the influence of routine television consumption. Further, the broad reach of numerous educational television programmes should provide low perviewer costs and, resultantly, strong cost-effectiveness findings. This PhD study therefore examined (1) the association between educational television exposure and mathematics capability and (2) the cost effectiveness of educational television interventions. To achieve this, research was carried out that centred on Ubongo Kids – a popular Tanzanian-produced show delivering mathematics-focused content.
Keywords: Tanzania; ___working_potential_duplicate; cost effectiveness; educational television; mathematics; ⛔ No DOI found

Girls’ Education and EdTech: A Rapid Evidence Review - Webb, Daniel; Barringer, Katie; Torrance, Rebecca; Mitchell, Joel (EdTech Hub, 2020)
This Rapid Evidence Review (RER) provides an overview of the existing literature on the use of technology in supporting girls’ education in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). The RER has been produced in response to the novel 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19), and the resulting widespread global shutdown of schools. It therefore has an emphasis on transferable insights that may be applicable to educational responses resulting from the limitations to the continuation of schooling caused by COVID-19. Established approaches to maintaining continuity of education for the most marginalised have particular salience during this period because of the significant increase in the number of students at risk of disruption. Research consistently shows that while education across the board is negatively affected by crisis situations, the schooling of girls is disproportionately impacted. The RER aims neither to advocate nor discourage the use of technology in girls’ education in response to the present COVID-19 pandemic, but rather to provide an accessible summary of existing evidence on the topic so that educators, policy makers and donors might make informed decisions about the potential role of technology in delivering education for girls.
Keywords: L:English UXZJW5DR; L:Gender and education; LP: English; P:Evidence review VCMFM9ZD; TAG:E:Primary education QIVZD2B2; TAG:E:Secondary education JS5BG2RE; TAG:F:Access W8TZWAGE; TAG:P:Girls ED5GMBNU; _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:not_indexed; _L:English UXZJW5DR; _MELA_seen; _P:Evidence review VCMFM9ZD; _T:E:Primary education QIVZD2B2; _T:E:Secondary education JS5BG2RE; _T:F:Access W8TZWAGE; _T:P:Girls ED5GMBNU; ___working_potential_duplicate; _cover:v3; _r:CopiedFromEvLib; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; _zenodoETH:submitted; ⛔ No DOI found; ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

Back to school with telepresence robot technology: A qualitative pilot study about how telepresence robots help school-aged children and adolescents with cancer to remain socially and academically connected with their school classes during treatment - Weibel, Mette; Nielsen, Martin Kaj Fridh; Topperzer, Martha Krogh; Hammer, Nanna Maria; Møller, Sarah Wagn; Schmiegelow, Kjeld; Bækgaard Larsen, Hanne (Nursing Open, 2020)
Aim: To explore how an AV1 telepresence robot helps school-aged children and adolescents with cancer to remain socially and academically connected with their school classes during cancer treatment. Design: Qualitative pilot study. Methods: Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with school-aged children and adolescents (N = 3, 12–14 years) diagnosed with cancer, their parents (N = 3), teachers (N = 2), classmates (12–14 years, N = 15, focus group interviews) and healthcare professionals (N = 4). Participant observation was performed in the child or adolescents' homes and in the classrooms during education participation via an AV1 telepresence robot. Results: Five themes emerged: expectations, sociality, learning, spatiality and technology. Participants experienced the robots as facilitating social interaction processes with classmates and inclusion in learning activities, reducing their sense of loneliness and lacking behind educationally. Nevertheless, multiple factors determine whether the robot is perceived as exclusive, including the technical functionality of the robot, spatiality in the classroom and mutual expectations of the parties involved.
Keywords: cancer; childhood illness; education; school nursing; technology

Climate Change Impact on Education - Weng, Boey Chun; Morooka, Rina; Mujtaba, Rustam Shariq; Shitong, Yang (Aide et Action, 2020)
Research report done for Aide et Action On selected ASEAN Countries (Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos PDR)
Keywords: Added through targeted search; ⛔ No DOI found; ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

COVID-19: the gendered impacts of the outbreak - Wenham, Clare; Smith, Julia; Morgan, Rosemary (The Lancet, 2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

WFP and Government of Bangladesh deliver high-energy biscuits to school children affected by COVID-19 school closures - WFP (ReliefWeb, 2020)
English News and Press Release on Bangladesh about Education, Food and Nutrition and Epidemic; published on 19 May 2020 by WFP

Mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on food and nutrition of schoolchildren - WFP; FAO; UNICEF (2020)

From coping to improving and accelerating: Supporting teachers in the pandemic and beyond - Wilichowski, Tracy; Cobo, Cristobal (2020)
Countries now have an opportunity to build back better and must consider how best to help teachers not only cope through the crisis, but also become better equipped with the skills to succeed in the wake of it.

COVID-19 Crisis, Impacts on Catholic Schools, and Potential Responses| Part II: Developing Countries with Focus on Sub-Saharan Africa - Wodon, Quentin (Journal of Catholic Education, 2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Going Online for Sexual and Reproductive Health - Women Deliver; Girl Effect (2020)

Inclusive education in ASEAN countries: how to support children with disabilities in schools - Wong, Dr Tze Peng (University of Nottingham Asia Research Institute, 2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found; ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

How many women work in STEM? - Wood, Johnny (World Economic Forum, 2020)
Women in STEM are underrepresented, paid less than men, have fewer publishing opportunities and progress less in their careers.

What has the XPrize done for us lately? - Woollaston, Victoria (Engineering & Technology, 2020)
Twenty-three years. Seventy million dollars and counting. The XPrize began as a boy’s dream of journeying into space – now it is one of today’s most effective philanthropic endeavours and one with a bold mission: to make the seemingly impossible possible.

15 Ways to Support Young Children and their Families in the COVD-19 Response - World Bank (2020)

Access to electricity (% of population) - Kenya - World Bank (2020)

Bangladesh - COVID 19 School Sector Response Project (English) - World Bank (2020)

Children out of school, primary - Latin America & Caribbean | Data - World Bank (2020)

Education Statistics | Education Expenditures - World Bank (2020)

Educational television during COVID-19: How to start and what to consider - World Bank (2020)
Five key insights on starting, using and sustaining education television for remote learning, corroborated by more than 40 current examples from countries.

Guidance Note: Remote Learning and CVID-19 - World Bank (2020)

How countries are using edtech (including online learning, radio, television, texting) to support access to remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)
Examples of how countries are using edtech to support remote learning under COVID-19
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Human Capital Index - World Bank (2020)

Implementing a Results-Based Financing Mechanism for Subnational Governments to Improve Education Outcomes : An Implementation Guide Inspired by the Case of Ceara, Brazil - World Bank (2020)
Implementing a Results-Based Financing Mechanism for Subnational Governments to Improve Education Outcomes : An Implementation Guide Inspired by the Case of Ceara, Brazil (English)

Incidence of HIV, all (per 1,000 uninfected population) - Sierra Leone | Data - World Bank (2020)

Inclusive Education Initiative: Transforming Education for Children with Disabilities - World Bank (Google Docs, 2020)

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) - World Bank (2020)

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) | Data - World Bank (2020)

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) - South Asia | Data - World Bank (2020)

Individuals using the Internet (% of population) - Sub-Saharan Africa | Data - World Bank (2020)

Investing in the Early Years During COVID-19 - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)

Kenya: Off-grid Solar Access Project for Underserved Counties - World Bank (2020)
Kenya: Off-grid Solar Access Project for Underserved Counties

Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) - World Bank (2020)

Lao PDR Global Partnership for Education III: Learning and Equity Acceleration Project - World Bank (2020)
Keywords: ⛔ No INSPIRE recid found

LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN Inclusion and education: ALL MEANS ALL - World Bank (2020)

Literacy rate, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) - World Bank (2020)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) - South Asia | Data - World Bank (2020)

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) - Sub-Saharan Africa | Data - World Bank (2020)

Mongolia - Improving Primary Education Outcomes for the Most Vulnerable Children in Rural Mongolia (English) - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)
Mongolia - Improving Primary Education Outcomes for the Most Vulnerable Children in Rural Mongolia (English)

Mongolia Poverty Update 2018 - World Bank (Main Report of "Household Socio-Economic Survey 2018", 2020)

Nigeria | Country Profile - World Bank (2020)
The World Bank is helping to fight poverty and improve living standards for the people of Nigeria with more than 130 IBRD loans and IDA credits since 1958.

Pakistan | Data - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2020)

Pivoting to Inclusion: Leveraging Lessons from the COVID-19 Crisis for Learners with Disabilities - World Bank (2020)

Rapid Response Guidance Note: Educational Television & COVID-19 - World Bank (2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Realizing the Future of Learning : From Learning Poverty to Learning for Everyone, Everywhere - World Bank (World Bank, 2020)
Realizing the Future of Learning : From Learning Poverty to Learning for Everyone, Everywhere (English)

Remote Learning and COVID-19: The use of educational technologies at scale across an education system as a result of massive school closings in response to the COVID-19 pandemic to enable distance education and online learning - World Bank (2020)

Remote Learning Response to COVID-19 Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Fragility, Conflict and Violence (FCV) - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2020)
Remote Learning Response to COVID-19 Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Fragility, Conflict and Violence (FCV) (English)

Restructuring Paper on a Proposed Project: Restructuring of the Education Quality Reform Project - World Bank (The World Bank, 2020)

School enrollment, primary, female (% gross) - Liberia | Data - World Bank (2020)

Sudan | Data - World Bank (The World Bank, 2020)

Tanzania Mainland Poverty Assessment: Executive Summary - World Bank (2020)

TV-Based Learning in Bangladesh: Is it Reaching Students? - World Bank (World Bank Group, 2020)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Mobile cellular subscriptions (per 100 people) - Tanzania | Data - World Bank Development Indicators (World Bank Development Indicators website, 2020)

Reimagining Human Connections: Technology and Innovation in Education at the World Bank - World Bank (forthcoming) (World Bank, 2020)

Cost-effective approaches to improve global learning: What does recent evidence tell us are “Smart Buys” for improving learning in Low and Middle Income Countries? - World Bank; Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office; BE2 (2020)
Cost-Effective Approaches to Improve Global Learning : What Does Recent Evidence Tell Us Are “Smart Buys” for Improving Learning in Low and Middle Income Countries? (English)

Nigeria | World Poverty Map - World Data Lab (2020)
Explore poverty data by age, gender, and region for every country in the world until 2030

Siyakha Girls Toolkit and Guide: an economic empowerment resource for adolescent girls and young women - World Education, Inc./Bantwana (2020)

Considerations for school-related public health measures in the context of COVID-19 - World Health Organization (2020)

WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard - World Health Organization (2020)
World Health Organization Coronavirus disease situation dashboard presents official daily counts of COVID-19 cases and deaths worldwide, while providing a hub to other resources. Interactive tools, including maps, epidemic curves and other charts and graphics, with downloadable data, allow users to track and explore the latest trends, numbers and statistics at global, regional and country levels.

Pakistan Map (Physical) - Worldometer (2020)
Physical Map of Pakistan. Map location, cities, capital, total area, full size map.

Worldreader | Sierra Leone - Worldreader (2020)
Worldreader brings digital reading to schools in Sierra Leone in partnership with the Klintworth Family Foundation.

Unprecedented pandemic, unprecedented shift, and unprecedented opportunity - Yan, Zheng (Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2020)

UN/DESA Policy Brief #89: Strengthening Data Governance for Effective Use of Open Data and Big Data Analytics for Combating COVID-19 - Yao, Keping; Park, Mi Kyoung (2020)

Promoting physical activity for children with autism spectrum disorders during Coronavirus outbreak: Benefits, strategies, and examples - Yarımkaya, Erkan; Esentürk, Oğuz Kaan (International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2020)
Described as a global outbreak (pandemic) by the World Health Organization, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) raises great concern with more than 2 million infected patients worldwide. A series of measures are taken by governments worldwide to prevent the spread of the outbreak. As new cases increase, people are asked to stay at home. Active living areas such as sports centers, parks and schools are closed in most countries. In this process, staying at home for a long time makes it difficult for individuals with special needs such as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) to stay physically active as well as typically developing individuals. The education process of children with ASD is disrupted, especially due to closed special education schools and rehabilitation centers. Online learning environments are often not suitable for children with ASD. It is predicted that excessive weight, obesity and sedentary life, which are high in children with ASD, may increase even more due to COVID-19. This article outlines the benefits of physical activity for children with ASD and provides strategies and examples of physical activity for children with ASD during the COVID-19 outbreak. The article is thought to be a guide for encouraging children with ASD in the home environment to physical activity.
Keywords: COVID-19; children with ASD; physical activity; stay at home

The social support networks stepping up in coronavirus-stricken China - You, Mi (openDemocracy, 2020)
Below the sweeping centralized measures, decentralized networks have provided relief to thousands.

Education continuity during the Coronavirus crisis: Pakistan - TeleSchool and Taleem Ghar (Educational TV at Home) - Zacharia, Sharon (World Bank, 2020)

Education Radio Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Low-Resource Settings - Zacharia, Sharon (World Bank Group, 2020)

Education Radio Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Low-Resource Settings - Zacharia, Sharon (World Bank Group, 2020)

Education Radio Knowledge Pack: With a Focus on Low-Resource Settings - Zacharia, Sharon (2020)
Education Radio Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Low-Resource Settings (English)

Education Radio Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Low-Resource Settings - Zacharia, Sharon (World Bank Group, 2020)

Education Radio Knowledge Pack: With a Focus on Low-Resource Settings - Zacharia, Sharon (2020)
Education Radio Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Low-Resource Settings (English)

Television Education Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Low-Resource Settings - Zacharia, Sharon; EdTech Team (World Bank Group, 2020)
Television Education Knowledge Pack : With a Focus on Low-Resource Settings (English)

The coronavirus effect on Pakistan’s digital divide - Zahra-Malik, Mehreen; BBC (BBC Worklife, 2020)
Coronavirus has rammed home the extent of Pakistan’s digital divide. Could it lead to a useful debate about the future of technology in education?
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

Government launches school radio lessons programme - ZBC News (2020)

Understanding the implementation of personalized learning: a research synthesis - Zhang, Ling; Basham, James D.; Yang, Sohyun (Educational Research Review, 2020)
Personalized learning (PL) has been promoted as a major aim and reform eﬀort across the contemporary education system. In this article, we systematically identiﬁed and synthesized 71 empirical studies associated with the implementation of PL that were conducted between 2006 and 2019. This synthesis examined the current research eﬀorts on the PL implementation with a focus on the primary purposes, overall methodological characteristics, and associated student learning outcomes of the identiﬁed studies. Using the method of critical interpretive synthesis, we identiﬁed two overarching themes in relation to PL across various disciplines of study. The two themes included investigating (a) the role of varying technologies and (b) contextual factors that impacted the implementation of PL. However, few studies have examined the eﬀects of PL as a whole-school initiative on student educational outcomes. We ended by discussing the issues with the conceptualization and empirical evidence of PL and providing implications for the future advancement of the ﬁeld.

Accessibility within open educational resources and practices for disabled learners: a systematic literature review - Zhang, Xiangling; Tlili, Ahmed; Nascimbeni, Fabio; Burgos, Daniel; Huang, Ronghuai; Chang, Ting-Wen; Jemni, Mohamed; Khribi, Mohamed Koutheair (Smart Learning Environments, 2020)
The number of disabled students is rapidly increasing worldwide, but many schools and universities have failed to keep up with their learning needs. Consequently, large numbers of disabled students are dropping out of school or university. Open Educational Resources (OER) and Open Educational Practices (OEP) contain several relevant features, including the possibility of reusing and remixing, which have led researchers to consider using OER and OEP to facilitate meeting the needs of disabled and functional-diverse students in order to increase their accessibility and e-inclusion capabilities in educational settings. The very limited research to date, however, has provided a limited holistic understanding of accessibility within OER and OEP in order to aid researchers in pursuing future directions in this field. Therefore, this paper systematically reviewed 31 papers to provide insights about functional diversity within OER and OEP. The results obtained highlighted that accessibility is still in its infancy within OER and that researchers should focus more on considering the four accessibility principles — perceivable, operable, understandable and robust — when providing OER. Additionally, while several researchers have focused on several issues related to accessibility within OER, limited focus has been given to assistive technologies using OER. Finally, this paper provides several recommendations to increase accessibility within OER and help design more accessible OER for students with functional diversity.

Reading and connecting: using social annotation in online classes - Zhu, Xinran; Chen, Bodong; Avadhanam, Rukmini Manasa; Shui, Hong; Zhang, Raymond Zhuo (Information and Learning Science, 2020)
Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many instructors to rapidly shift to online/distance teaching. With a narrow preparation window, many instructors are at a loss of strategies that are both effective in responding to the crisis and compatible with their professional practices. One urgent need in classrooms at all levels is to support social reading of course materials. To fulfill this need, this paper aims to present a systematic literature review on using Web annotation in K-12 and higher education to provide practical and evidence-based recommendations for educators to incorporate social annotation in online teaching. Design/methodology/approach: This paper presents a systematic literature review of the use of Web annotation in formal education. The authors reviewed 39 articles that met the inclusion criteria and extracted the following information from each article: level of education, subject area, learning theory, learning activity design, Web annotation technology, research methods and learning outcomes. Studies were further analyzed and synthesized by the genre of learning activity design. Findings: The authors identified five types of social annotation activity design: processing domain-specific knowledge, supporting argumentation and inquiry, improving literacy skills, supporting instructor and peer assessment and connecting online learning spaces. In addition, the authors developed practical recommendations on setting pedagogical goals, selecting annotation tools, deciding instructor involvement and developing evaluation strategies. Originality/value: This study provides a timely response to online/distance teaching under the COVID-19 pandemic. It is a hope that these identified application areas, in combination with four practical recommendations, would provide pragmatic and evidence-based support for educators to engage learners in reading, learning and connecting.
Keywords: Collaborative learning; Collaborative reading; Online learning; Social annotation; Social reading; Web annotation

Zimbabwe COVID-19 Preparedness and Response Strategy - Zimbabwe Education Cluster (2020)

ZIMSEC | Home - Zimbabwe School Examinations Council (2020)

Creating asynchronous virtual field experiences with 360 video - Zolfaghari, Maryam; Austin, Christine K; Kosko, Karl W; Ferdig, Richard E (Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 2020)
The global COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted normal face- to-face classes across institutions. This has significantly im- pacted methods courses where preservice teachers (PSTs) practice pedagogy in the field (e.g., in the PreK-12 class- room). In this paper, we describe efforts to adapt an assign- ment originally situated in a face-to-face school placement into a virtual version. By utilizing multi-perspective 360 vid- eo, preliminary results suggest virtual field experiences can provide PSTs with similar experiences for observation-based assignments. Acknowledging that immersive virtual experi- ences are not a complete replacement for face-to-face field- based experiences, we suggest virtual field assignments can be a useful supplement or a viable alternative during a time of the pandemic. Keywords:
Keywords: 360 video; ex-; teacher education; virtual-based assignments; ⛔ No DOI found

A district level study on the deployment, allocation and utilisation of teachers between and within Malawi's primary schools: an accountability and political settlements approach - Zubairi, Asma (REAL Centre, Faculty of Education, University of Cambridge, 2020)

جو اكاديمي توجيهي | دروس ودوسيات التوجيهي واسئلة وزارة - توجيهي, جو اكاديمي (جو اكاديمي توجيهي, 2020)
منصة جو اكاديمي من اوائل رواد التعليم الالكتروني وحصص اون لاين ووتد التعليم في المملكة الاردنية الهاشمية بوابة للتواصل ما بين المعلم والطالب

Women's empowerment in action: Evidence from a randomized control trial in Africa - Bandiera, Oriana; Buehren, Niklas; Burgess, Robin; Goldstein, Markus; Gulesci, Selim; Rasul, Imran; Sulaiman, Munshi (American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2020)
We evaluate a multifaceted policy intervention attempting to jump-start adolescent women's empowerment in Uganda by simultaneously providing them vocational training and information on sex, reproduction, and marriage. We find that four years postintervention, adolescent girls in treated communities are more likely to be self-employed. Teen pregnancy, early entry into marriage/cohabitation, and the share of girls reporting sex against their will fall sharply. The results highlight the potential of a multifaceted program that provides skills transfers as a viable and cost-effective policy intervention to improve the economic and social empowerment of adolescent girls over a four-year horizon.
Keywords: Child Care; Children; Domestic Abuse, Fertility; Education and Economic Development, Marriage; Family Planning; Family Structure; Human Development; Income Distribution; Labor Productivity, Economic Development: Human Resources; Marital Dissolution; Migration; Non-labor Discrimination, Labor Demand, Human Capital; Occupational Choice; Skills; Youth, Economics of Gender

Rethinking education in the digital age - Braun, Anette; März, Anna; Mertens, Fabian; Nisser, Annerose (European Parliamentary Research Service, 2020)

Compendium of Social Protection Research in Bangladesh - Government of Bangladesh (The General Economics Division (GED), Bangladesh Planning Commission, 2020)

The Last-Mile Internet Connectivity Toolkit: Solutions to Connect the Unconnected in Developing Countries - International Telecommunication Union (2020)

Summative Evaluation of GPE's Country-level Support to Education. Bangladesh - Results for Development (Universalia, 2020)

Reducing distance through online international collaboration - Schreiber, Brooke R.; Jansz, Mihiri (ELT Journal, 2020)
Online and hybrid courses offer many benefits for ESL teacher education, but can be hampered by 'transactional distance', a lack of interpersonal closeness which can cause misunderstanding and disengagement. This article describes a pedagogical project in which in-service teachers studying in a distance-learning MA TESL programme in Sri Lanka participated in an asynchronous discussion forum with peers from a university in New York City to discuss varieties of World Englishes. The project increased dialogue between learners, and between learners and the instructor, providing space for informal interactions through text, images, and video, as well as multiple methods for responding to feedback, ultimately reducing transactional distance. This article discusses the benefits of the project as well as the pedagogical and technological challenges, offering suggestions for other MA TESL educators about implementing such collaborations.
Keywords: Asynchronous Communication; Computer Mediated Communication; DISTANCE education; Distance Education; ENGLISH as a foreign language; ENGLISH language education; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Educational Benefits; Educational Cooperation; English (Second Language); Feedback (Response); Foreign Countries; Group Discussion; Higher Education; IN-service training of teachers; Inservice Teacher Education; International Cooperation; LEARNING; Language Variation; Masters Programs; New York (New York); Online Courses; Peer Groups; Postsecondary Education; Program Descriptions; Second Language Instruction; Second Language Learning; Sri Lanka; TEACHER education; Teacher Education Programs; Teaching Methods; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2099817; __finaldtb

Reducing distance through online international collaboration - Schreiber, Brooke R.; Jansz, Mihiri (ELT Journal, 2020)
Online and hybrid courses offer many benefits for ESL teacher education, but can be hampered by 'transactional distance', a lack of interpersonal closeness which can cause misunderstanding and disengagement. This article describes a pedagogical project in which in-service teachers studying in a distance-learning MA TESL programme in Sri Lanka participated in an asynchronous discussion forum with peers from a university in New York City to discuss varieties of World Englishes. The project increased dialogue between learners, and between learners and the instructor, providing space for informal interactions through text, images, and video, as well as multiple methods for responding to feedback, ultimately reducing transactional distance. This article discusses the benefits of the project as well as the pedagogical and technological challenges, offering suggestions for other MA TESL educators about implementing such collaborations.
Keywords: Asynchronous Communication; Computer Mediated Communication; DISTANCE education; Distance Education; ENGLISH as a foreign language; ENGLISH language education; ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE); Educational Benefits; Educational Cooperation; English (Second Language); Feedback (Response); Foreign Countries; Group Discussion; Higher Education; IN-service training of teachers; Inservice Teacher Education; International Cooperation; LEARNING; Language Variation; Masters Programs; New York (New York); Online Courses; Peer Groups; Postsecondary Education; Program Descriptions; Second Language Instruction; Second Language Learning; Sri Lanka; TEACHER education; Teacher Education Programs; Teaching Methods; __:import:01; __:match:final; __:matched; __:study_id:2099817; __finaldtb

Motivation and social cognitive theory - Schunk, Dale H.; DiBenedetto, Maria K. (Contemporary Educational Psychology, 2020)
This article discusses motivation from the perspective of Bandura’s social cognitive theory. Motivation refers to processes that instigate and sustain goal-directed activities. Motivational processes are personal/internal influences that lead to outcomes such as choice, effort, persistence, achievement, and environmental regulation. Motivation has been a prominent feature of social cognitive theory from the early modeling research to the current conception involving agency. The conceptual framework of reciprocal interactions is discussed, after which research is summarized on behavioral, environmental, and personal influences on motivation. Key internal motivational processes are goals and self-evaluations of progress, self-efficacy, social comparisons, values, outcome expectations, attributions, and self-regulation. Critical issues confronting the theory include diversity and culture, methodology, and long-term effects of interventions. The article concludes with additional recommendations for future research on contexts, conceptual clarity, and technology.
Keywords: Motivation; Self-efficacy in education; Social cognitive theory

Unlocking Data to Tell the Story of Education in Africa: Webinar Summary and Synthesis - Adam, Taskeen; Agyapong, Samuel; Asare, Samuel; Heady, Lucy; Wacharia, Wairimu; Mjomba, Renaldah; Mugo, John; Mukiria, Faith; Munday, Gemma (Zenodo, 2020)
[No description available.]

Unlocking data to tell the story of education in Africa: webinar summary & synthesis - Adam, Taskeen; Agyapong, Samuel; Asare, Samuel; Heady, Lucy; Wairimu, Wacharia; Mjomba, Renaldah; Mugo, John; Mukiria, Faith; Munday, Gemma (Zenodo, 2020)
[No description available.]
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:not_indexed; _MELA_seen; _cover:v1; _zenodo:submitted; _zenodoETH; dode_eth-src-eth; dode_eth-trf2-dode

Self-regulated learning in online learning environments: strategies for remote learning - Carter, Jr Richard Allen; Rice, Mary; Yang, Sohyun; Jackson, Haidee A. (Information and Learning Sciences, 2020)
Purpose Many teachers and students in the USA and various parts of the world are migrating some aspects of education online out of necessity. The purpose of this paper is to identify and describe strategies of the self-regulated learning (SRL) framework for K-12 students learning in online environments to support remote learning with online and digital tools during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approach The SRL framework (Zimmerman, 2008) has been used consistently to support students in learning to work independently. This framework highlights three phases: planning, performing and evaluating. Previous research in K-12 online learning has yielded specific strategies that are useful. The paper identified and described the strategies to an audience seeking answers on how to meet the needs of students in online learning environment.Findings The main types of strategies that have emerged from previous studies include asking students to consider how they learn online, providing pacing support, monitoring engagement and supporting families.Originality/value Although the social crisis of COVID-19 is unique, prior research in online learning may be useful for supporting teacher practice and suggesting future research. Developing SRL skills of students will ensure the effectiveness of online learning that the field of education may ultimately focus on in the future.

“Being on the wrong side of the digital divide”: seeking technological interventions for education in Northeast Nigeria - Martens, Marianne; Hajibayova, Lala; Campana, Kathleen; Rinnert, Gretchen Caldwell; Caniglia, Joanne; Bakori, Isa Garba; Kamiyama, Tsukuru; Mohammed, Liman Audu; Mupinga, Davison M.; Oh, Olivia Jeonghwa (Aslib Journal of Information Management, 2020)
Purpose This paper aims to report the initial findings of a project aiming to re-establish basic education in conflict-ravaged states in Northeastern Nigeria and to improve education providers' ability to plan and deliver basic educational services. The authors present a preliminary analysis of Nigerian teachers' access to information communication technology (ICT), their technology skills, as well associated national ICT policies. Design/methodology/approach This case study uses results from two co-designed tools, administered using KoboToolbox to Education Managers in the first instance, and teachers in the second. The data from the tools form the basis for analysis. Findings In the first instance, educational managers reported a lack of access to technology, the internet and to training and professional development. In the second instance, teachers reported issues present in the classroom environment, including poor infrastructure, a lack of resources and over-crowded classrooms. Very few teachers had access to computers or to the internet. Research limitations/implications The 33 educational managers represent a small sample size and may not be fully representative of the region covered. The ICT Capacity Audit tool listed Excel in two different areas – basic Excel skills and using Excel for data analysis – which could have caused confusion for participants. The data collection should be repeated, expanded and compared for consistency. For the team, changes to the proposed (SENSE) box content meant that we were not able to deliver low-tech tools, such as Boogie Boards, or high-tech tools, such as tablets, to schools. Originality/value Despite seemingly insurmountable challenges, the research team identified low-tech tools as a feasible resource in the classroom. Existing tools, such as teachers' smartphones and use of the WhatsApp application, can be used for sharing educational resources and providing teacher training. This paper argues that Nigeria needs up-to-date national ICT policies to guide in-country efforts to develop implementation of information technology initiatives for education.

Online teaching-learning in higher education during lockdown period of COVID-19 pandemic - Mishra, Lokanath; Gupta, Tushar; Shree, Abha (International Journal of Educational Research Open, 2020)
The whole educational system from elementary to tertiary level has been collapsed during the lockdown period of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) not only in India but across the globe. This study is a portrayal of online teaching-learning modes adopted by the Mizoram University for the teaching-learning process and subsequent semester examinations. It looks forward to an intellectually enriched opportunity for further future academic decision-making during any adversity. The intended purpose of this paper seeks to address the required essentialities of online teaching-learning in education amid the COVID-19 pandemic and how can existing resources of educational institutions effectively transform formal education into online education with the help of virtual classes and other pivotal online tools in this continually shifting educational landscape. The paper employs both quantitative and qualitative approach to study the perceptions of teachers and students on online teaching-learning modes and also highlighted the implementation process of online teaching-learning modes. The value of this paper is to draw a holistic picture of ongoing online teaching-learning activities during the lockdown period including establishing the linkage between change management process and online teaching-learning process in education system amid the COVID-19 outbreak so as to overcome the persisting academic disturbance and consequently ensure the resumption of educational activities and discourses as a normal course of procedure in the education system.
Keywords: COVID-19; Lockdown period; Online education; Online teaching-learning modes; Outbreak; Pandemic; Perception

Economic role of education in agriculture: evidence from rural Vietnam - Ninh, Le Khuong (Journal of Economics and Development, 2020)
Purpose This paper investigates the impact of education on output of rice farming households in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach Given the literature review, this paper specifies three empirical models (i.e. linear constant coefficient model, partially nonlinear model and linear varied coefficient model) with variables that well describe the mechanism through which education affects output. The data were collected from 901 rice farming households randomly selected out of ten provinces and city in the Mekong River Delta (MRD) of Vietnam. The models are estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) and Robinson's (1988) double residual estimators. Findings Estimates of the empirical models show that seed, fertilizer, labor and farm size have significant impacts on output of rice farming households while pesticide and herbicide do not. Education is also found to have a positive effect on output of rice farming households because it helps them better manage farms of larger size via combining various inputs in a more desirable way. Originality/value This paper confirms the positive impact of education on agricultural output, which implies that policies aiming to provide better education to rural people will greatly enhance their income as well as trigger long-term economic and agricultural growth.
Keywords: Agriculture; Education; Household; Input; Output; Rice; Rural; Schooling; Vietnam

Challenges in the online component of blended learning: A systematic review - Rasheed, Abubakar Rasheed; Kamsin, Amirrudin; Abdullah, Nor Aniza (Computers & Education, 2020)
Blended learning is widely regarded as an approach that combines the benefits afforded by face-to-face and online learning components. However, this approach of combining online with face-to-face instructional components have raised concerns over the years. Several studies have highlighted the overall challenges of blended learning mode of instruction as a whole, but there has been no clear understanding of the challenges that exist in the online component of blended learning. Thus, a systematic review of literature was conducted with the aim of identifying the challenges in the online component of blended learning from students, teachers and educational institutions perspectives. Self-regulation challenges and challenges in using learning technology are the key challenges that students face. Teachers challenges are mainly on the use of technology for teaching. Challenges in the provision of suitable instructional technology; and effective training support to teachers are the main challenges faced by educational institutions. This review highlights the need for further investigations to address students, teachers and educational institutions challenges in blended learning. In addition, we proposed some recommendations for future research.
Keywords: Adult learning; Improving classroom teaching; Pedagogical issues; Teaching/Learning strategies

Valuation of incentives to recruit and retain teachers in rural schools: Evidence from a choice experiment in Cambodia and Laos - Sisouphanthong, Viriyasack; Suruga, Terukazu; Kyophilavong, Phouphet (Cogent Education, 2020)
To provide an appropriate incentive for teaching profession, the important questions are “how much should we pay?” and “which factors influence potential teachers’ decision the most?” This research evaluates the factors that discourage and encourage potential teachers to join the profession in Cambodia and Laos by applying a discrete choice experiment to analysis teacher trainees’ preferences for school location, classroom condition, non-teaching professions, and indirect monetary incentives. The result highlights reasons and a possibility of potential teachers to leave the educational system.
Keywords: Cambodia; Laos; discrete choice experiment; incentives; teacher recruitment

Curriculum flexibility in a blended curriculum - Jonker, Herma; März, Virginie; Voogt, Joke (Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 2020)
This study offers insights into the processes that play a role in realising curriculum flexibility. Curriculum flexibility is conceptualised in terms of adaptability and accessibility of the curriculum to students’ needs and capabilities. To realise curriculum flexibility, the teacher education institution in this study designed a blended curriculum with face-to-face and online components. This flexible curriculum aimed at increasing student enrolment and allowing for variety in students’ graduation portfolios. Through semi-structured interviews with 10 teacher educators, conditions that could foster or hinder the realisation of flexibility were investigated. Results indicate that different contextual, teacher-, and student-related conditions were perceived to affect (further) curriculum flexibility. Furthermore, teacher educators identified several challenges related to these influential conditions, which were recognised as tensions. Based on a discussion of these findings, recommendations for research and practice are given.
Keywords: blended curriculum; case study research; collaborative design; curriculum flexibility; curriculum implementation; perceived curriculum; qualitative research

Moving beyond the predictable failure of Ed-Tech initiatives - Sancho-Gil, Juana M.; Rivera-Vargas, Pablo; Miño-Puigcercós, Raquel (Learning, Media and Technology, 2020)
The development of Information and Communication Technology has created waves of excitement about its power to fix educational problems and improve learning results, prompting a succession of policy efforts to integrate digital technology into education. Educators, schools and corporations are increasingly driving these initiatives. This article makes the argument that a narrow vision of digital technology, which both ignores the complexity of education and wastes valuable public resources, is becoming an obstacle to significant improvement and transformation in education. Utilising our research and experience in the field of educational technology, this paper problematises the common elision of ‘technology’ and ‘digital technology’. From this basis, we then critically reflect on various common approaches to introducing digital technology in education under the guise of promoting equality and digital inclusion. These include national government-led programmes, more recent trends for local school-led initiatives, and the role of non-formal education initiatives led by corporations/foundations. Amidst the varying surface-level ‘failure’ and/or ‘success’ of these approaches, we point to limited underpinning ‘information and knowledge society’ logics in framing the application of digital technology to education. As such we conclude by considering the educational challenges for future Ed-Tech initiatives.
Keywords: Educational change; digital technology corporations; educational challenges; educational policies; school improvement

Community of practice (Wikipedia, 2020)
A community of practice (CoP) is a group of people who share a craft or a profession. The concept was first proposed by cognitive anthropologist Jean Lave and educational theorist Etienne Wenger in their 1991 book Situated Learning (Lave & Wenger 1991). Wenger then significantly expanded on the concept in his 1998 book Communities of Practice (Wenger 1998). A CoP can evolve naturally because of the members' common interest in a particular domain or area, or it can be created deliberately with the goal of gaining knowledge related to a specific field. It is through the process of sharing information and experiences with the group that members learn from each other, and have an opportunity to develop personally and professionally (Lave & Wenger 1991). CoPs can exist in physical settings, for example, a lunch room at work, a field setting, a factory floor, or elsewhere in the environment, but members of CoPs do not have to be co-located. They form a "virtual community of practice" (VCoP) (Dubé, Bourhis & Jacob 2005) when they collaborate online, such as within discussion boards and newsgroups, or a "mobile community of practice" (MCoP) (Kietzmann et al. 2013) when members communicate with one another via mobile phones and participate in community work on the go. Communities of practice are not new phenomena: this type of learning has existed for as long as people have been learning and sharing their experiences through storytelling. The idea is rooted in American pragmatism, especially C. S. Peirce's concept of the "community of inquiry" (Shields 2003), but also John Dewey's principle of learning through occupation (Wallace 2007).

Summarised Findings from the EdTech Hub Helpdesk - Chuang, Rachel; Moss Coflan, Caitlin (EdTech Hub, 2020)
As of December 2020, EdTech Hub’s Helpdesk has been active for nine months, responding to over 60 requests supporting decision-making on education technology. This document summarises our responses to six commonly asked questions across the topics of reaching marginalised learners, supporting teachers, and using EdTech to mitigate learning loss.
Keywords: _DOILIVE; _EdTechHub_Output; _GS:not_indexed; _MELA_seen; _cover:image; _r:CopiedFromEvLib; _zenodoETH; _zenodoETH:submitted

Software tools to support title and abstract screening for systematic reviews in healthcare: an evaluation - Harrison, Hannah; Griffin, Simon J.; Kuhn, Isla; Usher-Smith, Juliet A. (BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2020)
Systematic reviews are vital to the pursuit of evidence-based medicine within healthcare. Screening titles and abstracts (T&Ab) for inclusion in a systematic review is an intensive, and often collaborative, step. The use of appropriate tools is therefore important. In this study, we identified and evaluated the usability of software tools that support T&Ab screening for systematic reviews within healthcare research.
Keywords: Feature analysis; Screening; Software tools; Systematic reviews; Title and abstract; _Added-ailr-2024

The Digital Divide - Dijk, Jan van (John Wiley & Sons, 2020)
Contrary to optimistic visions of a free internet for all, the problem of the ‘digital divide’ – the disparity between those with access to internet technology and those without – has persisted for close to twenty-five years.In this textbook, Jan van Dijk considers the state of digital inequality and what we can do to tackle it. Through an accessible framework based on empirical research, he explores the motivations and challenges of seeking access and the development of requisite digital skills. He addresses key questions such as: Does digital inequality reduce or reinforce existing, traditional inequalities? Does it create new, previously unknown social inequalities? While digital inequality affects all aspects of society and the problem is here to stay, Van Dijk outlines policies we can put in place to mitigate it.The Digital Divide is required reading for students and scholars of media, communication, sociology, and related disciplines, as well as for policymakers.
Keywords: Social Science / Popular Culture; Social Science / Sociology / General

Error rates of human reviewers during abstract screening in systematic reviews - Wang, Zhen; Nayfeh, Tarek; Tetzlaff, Jennifer; O’Blenis, Peter; Murad, Mohammad Hassan (PLOS ONE, 2020)
Background Automated approaches to improve the efficiency of systematic reviews are greatly needed. When testing any of these approaches, the criterion standard of comparison (gold standard) is usually human reviewers. Yet, human reviewers make errors in inclusion and exclusion of references. Objectives To determine citation false inclusion and false exclusion rates during abstract screening by pairs of independent reviewers. These rates can help in designing, testing and implementing automated approaches. Methods We identified all systematic reviews conducted between 2010 and 2017 by an evidence-based practice center in the United States. Eligible reviews had to follow standard systematic review procedures with dual independent screening of abstracts and full texts, in which citation inclusion by one reviewer prompted automatic inclusion through the next level of screening. Disagreements between reviewers during full text screening were reconciled via consensus or arbitration by a third reviewer. A false inclusion or exclusion was defined as a decision made by a single reviewer that was inconsistent with the final included list of studies. Results We analyzed a total of 139,467 citations that underwent 329,332 inclusion and exclusion decisions from 86 unique reviewers. The final systematic reviews included 5.48% of the potential references identified through bibliographic database search (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.38% to 8.58%). After abstract screening, the total error rate (false inclusion and false exclusion) was 10.76% (95% CI: 7.43% to 14.09%). Conclusions This study suggests important false inclusion and exclusion rates by human reviewers. When deciding the validity of a future automated study selection algorithm, it is important to keep in mind that the gold standard is not perfect and that achieving error rates similar to humans may be adequate and can save resources and time.
Keywords: Automation; Cardiovascular medicine; Citation analysis; Database searching; Health screening; Mental health and psychiatry; Primary care; Systematic reviews

Thoughts on “Education and digitisation in development cooperation” - Unwin, Tim (Tim Unwin's Blog, 2020)
Recently I was asked by the GFA Consulting Group to provide some short comments and reflections (just a few sentences) in response to four questions, the answers to which will be incorporated as pa…

See states for Nigeria where schools no go resume on January 18 - BBC News Pidgin (BBC News Pidgin, 2020)
Some state governors, lawmakers no buy di idea of school resumption wey Ngeria government bin give go ahead to resume on January 18
Keywords: Education; Nigeria

Scientists at DSTI go the extra mile to make it easier for children to get to school - Directorate of Science, Technology & Innovation (Sierra Leone) (2020)
Mike Fabrikant, a software developer from Washington D.C., is embedded within the data science team at the Directorate of Science, Technology, and Innovation (DSTI) to support systems delivery. His workRead More