In the years since its independence in 1975, Vietnam has experienced much political, social, economic, and educational change. Multiple comprehensive reforms over the past few decades have served to transform Vietnam from a country of war into an “emerging dragon” across all social and economic sectors, including education. In 2013, Vietnam passed one of the most significant pieces of education legislature in the country’s history: Resolution 29, a fundamental and comprehensive education reform that put the development of Vietnam’s education system at the top of socioeconomic development plans. This chapter accounts for the major changes of Vietnam education system after Resolution 29, including the country’s “success formula” as well as its lapses. It makes further recommendations for educational policymakers and educators in Vietnam regarding the role of the education sector in the coming ever-disruptive social and economic context.

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