Inservice Training of Primary Teachers through Interactive Video Technology: An Indian Experience - Raina, V. K.; Maheshwari, A. N. (International Review of Education, 1998)
Discusses India's Special Orientation Programme for Primary School Teachers (SOPT), a new technology used to train large numbers of teachers so that the losses in transmission inherent in the "cascade model" are avoided. Responses from teachers and trainers show there is considerable potential for the exploitation of this technology. Contains 20 references. (VWC)

A contemporary approach to public expenditure management - Schick, Allen (1998)
A contemporary approach to public expenditure management (English)

An integrated technology adoption and diffusion model - Sherry, Lorraine (International Journal of Educational Telecommunications, 1998)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

When Mother-tongue Education is not Preferred - Gupta, Anthea Fraser (Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 1997)
In some language situations primary education in the mother tongue may not be desirable. A number of factors may militate against education in the mother tongue: (1) difficulty in determining the mother tongue. This is especially a problem in multilingual settings where children grow up with multiple mother tongues; (2) definition of 'a language'. Mother tongues may be deemed to be the standard variety; and (3) social and ethnic divisiveness of mother tongue education. In multilingual settings the maintenance of social cohesiveness may be of more importance than the benefitof mother-tongue education.Where patterns of language use are linked to social class, mother-tongue education could further diminish access to power structures by underprivileged groups. Ideological issues can be resolved only in the context of the particular social and political situation. There is no general rule that primary education should be in the mother tongue.

Designing for or designing with? Informant design for interactive learning environments - Scaife, Michael; Rogers, Yvonne; Aldrich, Frances; Davies, Matt (Association for Computing Machinery, 1997)
Keywords: children; design; hi-tech; informant; interactive learning environments; low-tech; prototypes

General System Theory and the Ecosystem Concept (The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, 1997)
Keywords: ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Interactive Radio Instruction: Twenty-Three Years of Improving Educational Quality - Bosch, Andrea (Education and Technology Technical Notes Series, 1997)
Interactive Radio Instruction (IRI) is the use of interactive lessons delivered through either radio broadcast or audiocassette. An "audio" teacher directs the lessons while classroom teachers serve as facilitators. IRI has been used in developing countries worldwide to improve the quality of education across a range of school subjects and to serve as a form of teacher development. Multiple studies of IRI consistently have shown high learning gains, decreased equity gaps, and cost-effectiveness. Twenty-three years after their initial launch, several major IRI projects continue to operate successfully. While over the years IRI has been updated in various ways, its basic structure and methodology remain largely unaltered. IRI continues to be used in projects around the world.
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate

The Culture of Education - Bruner, Jerome (Harvard University Press, 1997)
In a masterly commentary on the possibilities of education, eminent psychologist Jerome Bruner reveals how education can usher children into their culture, though it often fails to do so. Going well beyond his earlier acclaimed books on education, Bruner looks past the issue of achieving individual competence to the question of how education equips individuals to participate in the culture on which life and livelihood depend.

Langues africaines: vers une édition scolaire: à propos d'un programme de formation pour auteurs de manuels scolaires - Chatry-Komarek, Marie (Langues africaines, 1997)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Brave new schools: Challenging cultural illiteracy through global learning networks - Cummins, Jim; Sayers, Dennis (Palgrave Macmillan, 1997)

Dynamics and indeterminism in developmental and social processes - Fogel, Alan; Lyra, Maria CDP; Valsiner, Jaan (Psychology Press, 1997)

Discrimination in education: the Tanzania case - Kisanga, Maria E; Katunzi, Naomi (UNESCO, 1997)

The Role of Educational Technology in Upgrading Teacher Education in Pakistan - Abbasi, M. Hashim; Millar, Alex C. (1996)
This paper outlines a joint Asian Bank/Pakistan Ministry of Education project designed to upgrade the state of teacher education and to improve the quality, status, and professional self-esteem of Pakistan's teachers. The main strategies identified by the Project for priority attention include: structural changes through the creation of four new types of teacher education institutions in each of the provinces; development of the main teacher education pre- and in-service courses; increased output and improved standard of teachers at all levels; development and implementation of a Total Educational Technology Plan; and upgrading and strengthening of existing Government Colleges for Elementary Teachers and Government Colleges of Education. Educational technology is a key element designed to assist in achieving the Project's major goals and objectives. Needs analysis produced recommendations geared for: target population; new teacher education courses; allocation of electronic media; teacher/principal attitudes towards the equipment and software; potential sources of software; availability of ancillary funding; specialist educational technology assistance for teachers; developing a profession of educational technology interested people; storage and access for hardware and software; roles of Mobile Training Units; and overseas lessons on the application of educational technology. (AEF)
Keywords: Educational Change; Educational Development; Educational Finance; Educational Strategies; Educational Technology; Elementary Secondary Education; Foreign Countries; Higher Education; Needs Assessment; Professional Development; Program Improvement; Resource Allocation; Schools of Education; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Education; Technology Planning

The Effects of Summer Vacation on Achievement Test Scores: A Narrative and Meta-Analytic Review - Cooper, Harris; Nye, Barbara; Charlton, Kelly; Lindsay, James; Greathouse, Scott (Review of Educational Research, 1996)

Development of an aspect of executive control: Development of the abilities to remember what I said and to “Do as I say, not as I do” - Diamond, Adele; Taylor, Colleen (Developmental Psychobiology, 1996)
Luria's tapping test (tap once when E taps twice, tap twice when E taps once) was administered to 160 children (80 males, 80 females) between 31/2 to 7 years old. Older children were faster and more accurate than younger children, with most of the improvement occurring by the age of 6. All children tested demonstrated understanding of the instructions during the pretest, and most started out performing well, but younger subjects could not sustain this. Over the 16 trials, percentage of correct responses decreased, especially among younger subjects. Performance here was compared with performance on the day-night Stroop-like task. The most common error on both tasks was to comply with only one of the two rules. Other errors included tapping many times regardless of what the experimenter did and doing the same thing as the experimenter, rather than the opposite. It is suggested that the tapping task requires both the ability to hold two rules in mind and the ability to inhibit a strong response tendency, that these abilities improve between 3–6 years of age, and that this improvement may reflect important changes within frontal cortex during this period of life. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Instructional Technology: A Tool or a Panacea? - Kimmel, Howard; Deek, Fadi (Journal of Science Education and Technology, 1996)
It is time to recognize that educational technology cannot be considered a panacea for educational reform. Technology, when properly used, can be a very effective tool for improving and enhancing instruction and learning experiences in the content areas. However, incorporation of electronic tools, such as computers and videodiscs, into classrooms must be accompanied by systemic change in the educational process. Successful utilization of technology depends on how we provide teachers with the necessary environment for training, tools for instruction, and technology evaluation skills. This paper examines some of the misuses of technology and then explores the appropriate use of technology in the context of current educational reform. The focus is on the integration of technology in the educational process that provides a learning environment allowing discovery and creativity through the use of computer visualizations. The teacher is seen as the essential element, requiring a solid foundation in the general applications of technology, and the ability to evaluate and select systems that are effective and efficient for specific applications.

Technology and Distance Education: Sharing Experience in Sindh, Pakistan - Panhwar, Farzana (1996)
Female literacy in Pakistan is among the lowest in the world. In 1981, the literacy rate was 16 percent for females, and 7.3 percent for rural women. Distance education can effect many social changes. Females would be the main beneficiaries because it is not socially acceptable for girls to leave home for education; parents do not like coeducational schools; social attitudes do not permit school education for girls on the conviction that any freedom to go out will result in sexual involvement with males; and women with low levels of education are stigmatized and accorded low social status. Both rural and urban conditions can be improved by providing women with integrated programs in hygiene, food, health, and basic and vocational education, as well as professional training in the sciences, trades, and industry. Problems with Pakistan's distance education system include the lack of opportunity for question and answer sessions; no provision to make up missed classes; absence of teachers to advise students on the use of the materials; lack of competition; lack of competent teachers; corruption and poor funding, resulting in nonavailability of materials in libraries; low standards, resulting in receipt of degrees without corresponding learning; lack of facilities for lab work in science and technical training; lack of rights to duplicate costly foreign video materials. (TD)
Keywords: Access to Education; Distance Education; Educational Needs; Elementary Secondary Education; Foreign Countries; Illiteracy; Relevance (Education); Rural Women; Sex Discrimination; Social Attitudes; Vocational Education; Womens Education

Five technologies for educational change: Systems thinking, systems design, quality science, change management, instructional technology - Salisbury, David F. (Educational Technology, 1996)

Teacher change in technology-rich classrooms - Sandholtz, Judith H.; Ringstaff, Cathy (Education and technology: Reflections on computing in classrooms, 1996)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Systems thinking - Senge, Peter (Executive Excellence, 1996)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

What is curriculum? Exploring theory and practice - Smith, Mark K (the encyclopaedia of informal education, 1996)

Understanding of consumer behaviour as a prerequisite for environmental protection - Ölander, Folke; Thøgersen, John (Journal of Consumer Policy, 1995)

National Education Act 1997 (amendment) - United Republic of Tanzania (No. 10 of 1995, 1995)

The Evolution of Constructivist Learning Environments: Immersion in Distributed, Virtual Worlds - Dede, Chris (Educational Technology, 1995)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Technology integration: Managing technological evolution in a complex environment - Iansiti, Marco (Research policy, 1995)

Documentation of educational research in Pakistan, 1947-1995: an annotated bibliography - Shabab, M. H (Academy of Educational Planning and Management, 1995)

A how to guide to reflection: Adding cognitive learning to community service programs - Silcox, H. C. (Brighton Press, 1995)

Grounded theory methodology: An overview - Strauss, A.; Corbin, J. (Handbook of qualitative research, 1995)
Keywords: ___working_potential_duplicate; auto_merged

Nothing as practical as good theory: Exploring theory-based evaluation for comprehensive community initiatives for children and families - Weiss, Carol H. (New approaches to evaluating community initiatives: Concepts, methods, and contexts, 1995)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The relationship between cognition and action: performance of children 312–7 years old on a stroop- like day-night test - Gerstadt, Cherie L.; Hong, Yoon Joo; Diamond, Adele (Cognition, 1994)
One hundred and sixty children 312–7 years of age (10M, 10F at each 6-month interval) were tested on a task that requires inhibitory control of action plus learning and remembering two rules. They were asked to say “day” whenever a black card with the moon and stars appeared and to say “night” when shown a white card with a bright sun. Children <5 years had great difficulty. They started out performing well, but could not sustain this over the course of the 16-trial session. Response latency decreased from 312 to 412 years. Children <412 years performed well when they took very long to respond. To test whether the requirement to learn and remember two rules alone was sufficient to cause children difficulty, 80 children 312–5 years old were tested on a control version of the task (“say ‘day’ to one abstract design and ‘night’ to another”). Even the youngest children performed at a high level. We conclude that the requirement to learn and remember two rules is not in itself sufficient to account for the poor performance of the younger children in the experimental condition.

Ecological models of human development - Bronfenbrenner, Urie (Readings on the development of children, 1994)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Des manuels scolaires sur mesure: Guide pratique à l'intention des auteurs de manuels scolaires - Chatry-Komarek, Marie (Des manuels scolaires sur mesure, 1994)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action on Special Needs Education - Spain. Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (1994)

Social Network Analysis - Wasserman, S.; Faust, K. (1994)
Social network analysis is used widely in the social and behavioral sciences, as well as in economics, marketing, and industrial engineering. The social network perspective focuses on relationships among social entities and is an important addition to standard social and behavioral research, which is primarily concerned with attributes of the social units. Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications reviews and discusses methods for the analysis of social networks with a focus on applications of these methods to many substantive examples. It is a reference book that can be used by those who want a comprehensive review of network methods, or by researchers who have gathered network data and want to find the most appropriate method by which to analyze it. It is also intended for use as a textbook as it is the first book to provide comprehensive coverage of the methodology and applications of the field.

General system theory: Toward a conceptual framework for science and technology education for all - Chen, David; Stroup, Walter (Journal of Science Education and Technology, 1993)
In this paper we suggest using general system theory (GST) as a unifying theoretical framework for science and technology education for all. Five reasons are articulated: the multidisciplinary nature of systems theory, the ability to engage complexity, the capacity to describe system dynamics and change, the ability to represent the relationship between the micro-level and macro-level of analysis, and the ability to bring together the natural and human worlds. The historical origins of system ideas are described, and the major concepts of system theory are mapped; including the mathematical, technological, and philosophical constructs. The various efforts to implement system thinking in educational contexts are reviewed, and three kinds of learning environments are defined: expert presentation, simulation, and real-world. A broad research agenda for exploring and drawing-out the educational implications of system thinking and learning is outlined. The study of both real-world and simulated learning environments is advocated.

Applying Systems Theory Through the Lens of Learning: What Does Learning Research Say? - Jones, Beau Fly; Knuth, Randy A.; Baxendale, Steve (Springer, 1993)
Two areas of learning research, research about the learning process and views about the learner, need to be considered to guide educational stakeholders in the task of successfully redesigning schools to promote learning. The most meaningful learning results from an instructional design based on learning research. Research in the application of systems theory in education has profound implications for curriculum, instruction, and assessment in schools.
Keywords: Affective education; IQ; cognitive theory; creative thinking; critical thinking; educational research; intelligence; learner; learning processes; learning strategies; learning theories; metacognition; multiple intelligences; schema theories; school restructuring

Resampling-based multiple testing: Examples and Methods for p-Value Adjustment - Westfall, Peter H; Young, S. Stanley (John Wiley & Sons, 1993)

How systems thinking applies to education. - Betts, Frank (Educational Leadership, 1992)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

How Systems Thinking Applies to Education - Educational Leadership - Betts, Frank (1992)

Ecological systems theory. - Bronfenbrenner, Urie (Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 1992)

BRIDGING COMMUNICATION BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE TEACHING IN NIGERIAN LANGUAGES: THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY - Educational, African; Nwosu, Theory Don (1992)
null

Fuzzy systems theory and its applications - Sugeno, Michio; Asai, K.; Terano, T. (Tokyo Institute of Technology, 1992)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Systems Design of Education: A Journey to Create the Future - Banathy, Bela H. (Educational Technology, 1991)
Keywords: Education / General

Constitution of Sierra Leone - Government of Sierra Leone (1991)

Situating learning in communities of practice. - Lave, Jean (Perspectives on socially shared cognition., 1991)

Approaches to qualitative-quantitative methodological triangulation - Morse, Janice M. (Nursing research, 1991)

The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think. - Schön, D. A. (Arena, 1991)

Standards for Education Data Collection and Reporting - SEDCR (1991)

Computer Aided Systems Theory-EUROCAST'89: A Selection of Papers from the International Workshop EUROCAST'89, Las Palmas, Spain, February 26-March 4, 1989. Proceedings - Pichler, Franz; Moreno-Diaz, Roberto (Springer Science & Business Media, 1990)

A systems approach to educational testing - Frederiksen, John R.; Collins, Allan (Educational Researcher, 1989)
Our concern in this paper is with the validity of educational tests when they are employed as critical measures of educational outcomes within a dynamic system. The problem of validity arises if an educational system adapts itself to the characteristics of the outcome measures. We introduce the concept of systemically valid tests as ones that induce curricular and instructional changes in education systems (and learning strategy changes in students) that foster the development of the cognitive traits that the tests are designed to measure. We analyze some general characteristics that contribute to or detract from a testing system's systemic validity, such as the use of direct rather than indirect assessment. We then apply these characteristics in developing a set of design principles for creating testing systems that are systemically valid. Finally, we provide an illustration of the proposed principles, by applying them to the design of a student assessment system. This design example addresses not only specifications for the tests, but also the means of teaching the process of assessment to users of the system.

Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology - Davis, Fred D. (MIS Quarterly, 1989)

The Paradigm Wars and Their Aftermath A “Historical” Sketch of Research on Teaching Since 1989 - Gage, Nl (Educational Researcher, 1989)
Raging during the 1980s, the Paradigm Wars resulted in the demise of objectivity-seeking quantitative research on teaching—a victim of putatively devastating attacks from anti-naturalists, interpretivists, and critical theorists. Subsequently, the interpretivists' ethnographic studies flourished, enhancing the cultural appropriateness of schooling, and critical theorists' analyses fostered the struggles for power for the poor, non-Whites, and women. Two alternative versions of the aftermath are also conceivable. Pragmatism and Popper's piecemeal social engineering offer paths toward a productive rapprochement of the paradigms, one guided by the moral obligations of educational research.

Toward a conceptual framework for mixed-method evaluation designs - Greene, Jennifer C.; Caracelli, Valerie J.; Graham, Wendy F. (Educational evaluation and policy analysis, 1989)

Systems inquiry in education - Banathy, Bela H. (Systems Practice, 1988)

Meta-Ethnography - Noblit, George W.; Hare, R. Dwight (1988)
Synthesizing Qualitative Studies

Systems thinking, systems practice, and practical philosophy: A program of research - Ulrich, Werner (Systems Practice, 1988)

National Education Act - Government of Zimbabwe (1987)

Recent advances in research on the ecology of human development - Bronfenbrenner, Urie (Development as action in context, 1986)

Two courses of expertise - Hatano, G; Inagaki, K (Children development and education in Japan, 1986)

Those Who Understand: Knowledge Growth in Teaching - Shulman, Lee S (1986)

Numbers and words: Combining quantitative and qualitative methods in a single large-scale evaluation study - Rossman, Gretchen B.; Wilson, Bruce L. (Evaluation Review, 1985)
Keywords: ⚠️ Invalid DOI

Materiales de formación en los campos de la planificación y de la administración de la educación y de las construcciones escolares - UNESCO (UNESCO Digital Library, 1985)

Application of Computerized Adaptive Testing to Educational Problems - Weiss, David J.; Kingsbury, G. Gage (Journal of Educational Measurement, 1984)
Three applications of computerized adaptive testing (CAT) to help solve problems encountered in educational settings are described and discussed. Each of these applications makes use of item response theory to select test questions from an item pool to estimate a student's achievement level and its precision. These estimates may then be used in conjunction with certain testing strategies to facilitate certain educational decisions. The three applications considered are (a) adaptive mastery testing for determining whether or not a student has mastered a particular content area, (b) adaptive grading for assigning grades to students, and (c) adaptive self-referenced testing for estimating change in a student's achievement level. Differences between currently used classroom procedures and these CAT procedures are discussed. For the adaptive mastery testing procedure, evidence from a series of studies comparing conventional and adaptive testing procedures is presented showing that the adaptive procedure results in more accurate mastery classifications than do conventional mastery tests, while using fewer test questions.

An Integrating Framework for Research in Business and Society: A Step Toward the Elusive Paradigm? - Jones, Thomas M. (Academy of Management Review, 1983)
According to some authors, the field of business and society has suffered because it apparently lacks a dominant paradigm. This paper (1) concludes that such a paradigm is unlikely to emerge soon and (2) offers an “integrating framework” based on an interpenetrating systems model and focusing on the social control of business. This framework may serve as a unifying mechanism for existing research in the field as well as an agenda for future research.

The nature of soft systems thinking: The work of Churchman, Ackoff and Checkland - Jackson, Michael C. (Journal of applied systems analysis, 1982)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Groping in the dark: the first decade of global modelling - Meadows, Donella; Richardson, John; Bruckmann, Gerhart (John Wiley & Sons, 1982)

Development of reliable and valid short forms of the marlowe-crowne social desirability scale - Reynolds, William M. (Journal of Clinical Psychology, 1982)
Developed, on the basis of responses from 608 undergraduate students to the 33-item Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, three short forms of 11, 12, and 13 items. The psychometric characteristics of these three forms and three other short forms developed by Strahan and Gerbasi (1972) were investigated and comparisons made. Results, in the form of internal consistency reliability, item factor loadings, short form with Marlowe-Crowne total scale correlations, and correlations between Marlowe-Crowne short forms and the Edwards Social Desirability Scale, indicate that psychometrically sound short forms can be constructed. Comparisons made between the short forms examined in this investigation suggest the 13-item form as a viable substitute for the regular 33-item Marlowe-Crowne scale.

On the use of models in corporate planning - Ackoff, Russell L. (Strategic Management Journal, 1981)

Origins of Human Competence: A Cultural-Ecological Perspective - Ogbu, John U. (Child Development, 1981)
In this essay it is argued that child rearing in the family and similar micro settings in the early years of life and subsequent adolescent socialization are geared toward the development of instrumental competencies required for adult economic, political, and social roles. These cultural imperatives vary from 1 cultural group to another as do the required competencies. In the United States they are different for the white middle class and for minority groups like urban ghetto blacks. It follows that the conventional research approach which used white middle-class child-rearing practices and children's competencies as standards is not useful in understanding minority groups' child rearing and competencies. Rather, for cross-cultural research, a cultural-ecological model is proposed which is not ethnocentric and studies competence in the context of the cultural imperatives in a given population. Cross-cultural or intergroup comparison is appropriate if based on data from such contextual studies.

The Ecology of Human Development - Bronfenbrenner, Urie (Harvard University Press, 1979)
To understand the way children develop, Bronfenbrenner believes that it is necessary to observe their behavior in natural settings, while they are interacting with familiar adults over prolonged periods of time. His book offers an important blueprint for constructing a new and ecologically valid psychology of development.
Keywords: Psychology / General

The ecology of human development: experiments by nature and design - Bronfenbrenner, Urie (Harvard University Press, 1979)
Keywords: Child psychology; Human development; Research

The ecological approach to visual perception - Gibson, J.J. (Houghton Mifflin, 1979)

The National Education Act, 1978 - UNESCO (1978)

The Definition of Educational Technology. AECT Task Force on Definition and Terminology - B. Johnson, John; Myers, Dennis; H. Silber, Kenneth; Storm, Susan; Virgo, Ralph; J. Wallington, Clinton (Association for Educational Communications and Technology, 1126 16th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036 ($10, 1977)
A total, systematic, integrative concept provides the framework for this definition of educational technology as a theory, a field, and a profession. The definition statement presents an historical perspective of attempts to define educational technology and a current theoretical framework for arriving at a definition. It also identifies the intellectual techniques and practical applications derived from the theoretical framework and describes the training and certification, the ethics and standards, the leadership, the association and communications, the acknowledgement as a profession, the concern of the profession, and the relationship to other professions that both derive from the theoretical framework and exist in the field today. An evaluation of the definition statement concludes this document by the AECT Task Force on Definition and Terminology; a list of references and a glossary of terms not defined within this definition statement are appended. (Author/BK)
Keywords: Audiovisual Communications; Behavioral Sciences; Certification; Definitions; Educational History; Educational Methods; Educational Resources; Educational Technology; Educational Theories; Models; Professional Associations; Professional Occupations; Social Environment; Systems Approach

Toward an experimental ecology of human development. - Bronfenbrenner, Urie (American psychologist, 1977)

Mother Tongue Education: The West African Experience - Bamgbose, Ayo (Hodder and Stoughton Ltd, 1976)
In the rapidly changing political, economic, and social life of West Africa, there is a renewed interest in cultural identity. This book describes the developments and the difficulties experienced by different West African countries in the use of mother tongues in multi-lingual society. The book was commissioned to give scholars, educators, and policy-makers concerned with mother tongue education an account of developments in selected countries. Three broad areas are covered: (1) situations where the mother tongue has not yet been introduced into the formal school system but where preparations are being made; (2) situations where there has been a long tradition of mother tongue education; and (3) special projects. An introduction discusses the role of the mother tongue in education, with particular reference to West Africa. This is followed by a historical sketch of developments in mother tongue education. Contributions from Sierra Leone and Dahomey cover the first of the areas mentioned. Ghana's report covers the second area. The last two reports, from Nigeria, fall into the third category. Finally, two projects are described: the Six-Year Primary Project on the use of a major language as a medium of instruction and the Rivers Readers Project on the introduction of smaller languages into the formal school system. (Author/AM)
Keywords: African Culture; African Languages; Bilingual Education; Educational Planning; French; Igbo; Language Planning; Language of Instruction; Mandingo; Mende; Multilingualism; Native Speakers; Portuguese; Regional Dialects; Sociolinguistics; Susu; Uncommonly Taught Languages; Wolof; Yoruba

What is the systems approach? - Chen, Gordon KC (Interfaces, 1975)
Keywords: __C:scheme:1

Article 160 - Constitution 1973 - Government of Pakistan (1973)

Research and the Systems Approach as Methodologies for Education - Stowe, Richard A. (AV Communication Review, 1973)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The History and Status of General Systems Theory. - Von Bertalanffy, L. (Academy of Management Journal, 1972)

Trends in general systems theory - Klir, George J. (Wiley-Interscience, 1972)
Keywords: System theory

Introduction to the systems approach in educational planning and management - Kraft, Richard H.P.; Latta, Raymond F. (Educational Technology, 1972)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Deschooling Society - Illich, Ivan (Marion Boyars, 1971)
Schools have failed our individual needs, supporting false and misleading notions of 'progress' and development fostered by the belief that ever-increasing production, consumption and profit are proper yardsticks for measuring the quality of human life. Our universities have become recruiting centers for the personnel of the consumer society, certifying citizens for service, while at the same time disposing of those judged unfit for the competitive rat race. In this bold and provocative book, Illich suggest some radical and exciting reforms for the education system.
Keywords: Social Science / Sociology / General

Pedagogy of the oppressed - Freire, Paulo (The Continuum International Publishing Group Inc, 1970)

General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications - Bertalanffy, Ludwig von (eweb:1908, 1969)

Common characteristics of open systems - Katz, Daniel; Kahn, Robert L. (Systems thinking, 1969)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Systems Approaches to the Management of Public Education. - Mansergh, Gerald G. (1969)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Principles of the self-organizing system - Ashby, W. Ross (Modern systems research for the behavioral scientist, 1968)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Instructional systems. - Banathy, Bela H. (1968)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The systems approach - Churchman, Charles West (Delta, 1968)

A system approach to education: Derivation and definition - Kaufman, Roger A. (AV communication review, 1968)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Systems Approach - Banathy, Bela H. (The Modern Language Journal, 1967)

Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSE) - Rosenberg, M. (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, 1965)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Society and the adolescent self-image - Rosenberg, Morris (Princeton University Press, 1965)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment - Cattell, Raymond B. (Journal of Educational Psychology, 1963)
The theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence propounded 20 years ago by the author has since accumulated support. However, the crucial issue of whether 1 or 2 general factors subtend intellectual performances has lacked an experiment adequately designed for accurate, determinate, simple-structure rotation at the 2nd order. By factoring culturally embedded with culture-fair intelligence measures on a background of pure personality primaries (N = 277 7th and 8th grade boys and girls), it is shown that 2 general factors indeed exist. A review, with some mathematical formulations, is given of the theory's implications for the nature-nurture ratio, brain injury, standard deviaiton of the IQ, growth curves, the concept of a relational difficulty hierarchy, test standardization, and the relative validities of traditional and culture-fair intelligence tests. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved)
Keywords: Cognitive Ability; Fluid Intelligence; Intelligence; crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence; intellectual performances

An introduction to cybernetics - Ashby, W. Ross (Chapman & Hall Ltd, 1961)

A New Scale of Social Desirability Independent of Psychopathology - Crowne, Douglas; Marlowe, David (Journal of Consulting Psychology, 1960)
A new social desirability scale was constructed and correlated with MMPI scales. Comparison was made with correlations of the Edwards Social Desirability scale. The new scale correlated highly with MMPI scales and supported the definition of social desirability. Ss need to respond in "culturally sanctioned ways."

General Systems Theory as a New Discipline - Ashby, W. R. (Plenum Press, New York, 1958)

General systems theory—the skeleton of science - Boulding, Kenneth E. (Management science, 1956)

An Outline of General System Theory - von Bertalanffy, Ludwig (The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 1950)
A survey of the history of science shows that very similar conceptions have been developed independently in various branches of science. At present, for example, holistic interpretations are prevalent in all fields whereas in the past atomistic explanations were common. Such considerations lead to the postulation of General System Theory which is a logico-mathematical discipline applicable to all sciences concerned with systems. The fact that certain principles have general applicability to systems explains the occurrence of isomorphic laws in different scientific fields. Just as Aristotelian logic was a fundamental organon for the classificatory sciences of antiquity, so may General System Theory define the general principles of dynamic interaction which appears as the central problem of modern science. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)

Significance Tests Which May be Applied to Samples From any Populations - Pitman, E.J.G. (Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 1937)
Keywords: ⛔ No DOI found

The Design of Experiments - Fisher, Ronald A. D. (Oliver and Boyd, 1935)

144155524.pdf

16809eed0a.pdf

2014-02-14_Learning to Improve Learning Synthesis for Publishing_Edited_0.pdf

2021ISCReducedSyllabusXII-ECONOMICS.pdf

32947_Chapter1.pdf

6811.pdf

7taps mobile-first microlearning
7taps is a free browser-based authoring tool to create, deliver and track mobile-first microlearning experiences.

A comparison of smartphone and paper data-collection tools in the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study in Gezira state, Sudan | PLOS ONE

A lifeline to learning: Leveraging technology to support education for refugees - World (UNESCO)
English Analysis on World about Education, Children and Refugees; published on 26 Mar 2018 by UNESCO
Keywords: Google Scholar/ refugee education technology; Overarching paper; RER theme_pedagogies and modalities; RER_supporting educators

a2_-_mad_-_esp_fr.pdf

A_Systems_Approach_to_Educational_Testin.doc

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About Our Organization (Jusoor)
Jusoor is a US 501c3 NGO of Syrian expatriates supporting the country’s development and helping Syrian youth realize their potential through programs in the fields of education, career development, and global community engagement. As a community of Syrians living around the world working together to launch programs that benefit the Syrian community inside and outside Syria. We are committed to…Read More →

About the Learning Passport
The Learning Passport is an Online, Mobile, and Offline tech platform enabling high quality, flexible learning

Abracadabra (ABRA) - re-grant | Projects
Project: Abracadabra (ABRA) - re-grant, Testing an online and a paper based version of a balanced approach to reading.

African Women in EdTech (WAKE)

Agency for the Development of Educational Management (ADEM)

amagoh3dec2008jag2rev1.pdf

Aprender a Ler (ApaL)

Arifu

ASER_National_2019.pdf

Assistive Technology in the African Region: Results of an Online Rapid Assistive Technology Capacity Survey (World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa)

BE2_Cost_Measurement_Guidance_Note_Final.pdf

BE2_Guidance_Note_Generating_Evidence.pdf

BI-COVID-19-Rapid-Assessment-Round2_20200424.pdf

C4DLab – Innovation Hub

CADIMA

Calculating the Educational Impact of COVID-19 (Part II): Using Data from Successive Grades to Estimate Learning Loss | SharEd

Center For Global Development
The Center for Global Development works to reduce global poverty and inequality through rigorous research and active engagement with the policy community to make the world a more prosperous, just, and safe place for us all.

CIES_CostGuidance_finalslides.pdf

Cochrane Reviews | Cochrane Library
The Cochrane Library is a collection of high-quality, independent evidence to inform healthcare decision-making. Six databases are available including the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and a register of controlled trials.

COCI, the OpenCitations Index of Crossref open DOI-to-DOI citations

colandr

COMMISSIONREPORT-RECENT1.pdf

Connecting Learning Spaces: Possibilities for Hybrid Learning

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Optional Protocol (United Nations)

Core Final Report_16Dec2016_0.pdf

Cost-Effective EdTech 1.pdf

COVID-19 and girls' education: A tale of two futures
Julia Gillard will join UK Special Envoy for Girls' Education Baroness Sugg and youth from around the world for a dialogue on how COVID-19 is affecting girls' education from around the world

Creative Commons — Attribution 4.0 International — CC BY 4.0

Creative Commons (Home) (Creative Commons)
Open access to knowledge is critical—especially during a global health emergency. The Open COVID Pledge calls on organizations around the world to make their patents and copyrights freely available in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. CC’s Response to COVID-19

DeepL Translator
Use the free DeepL Translator to translate your texts with the best machine translation available, powered by DeepL’s world-leading neural network technology. Currently supported languages are English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Dutch, Polish, Russian, Japanese, and Chinese.

delfi2019/delfi.org · master · Jens Lechtenbörger / publications (GitLab)
Source files for selected publications

DELIVERING DISTANCE LEARNING IN EMERGENCIES.pdf

Demographic and Health Survey

Developments in Literacy

Devising New Models for School Improvement in Developing Nations: Sierra Leone, a case study

Disability Inclusive Education Toolkit | Education Links
This toolkit provides guidance and resources for integrating disability into the USAID Program Cycle.

Document Detail (World Bank)
Remote-learning, Time-Use, and Mental Health of Ecuadorian High-School Studentsduring the COVID-19 Quarantine (English)

E-learning and Pakistan - An Era of Modern Education - University of Leeds
E-learning and Pakistan - An Era of Modern Education-conference_proceeding

Early Years Toolkit
An accessible summary of educational research for early years teaching

ED540960.pdf

EdTechHub (internal) 2339240 | Zotero

Edu TV Kenya (Youtube)

Education Country Status Report: An analysis for further improving the quality

education-during-covid-19-crisis.pdf

Education in Cambodia | Where We Work | Global Partnership for Education
See education data for Cambodia and learn about GPE programs, grants, results and progress.

Education in Emergencies v3 (1).pdf

Education.pdf

Educational Technology as Systems Approach - WikiEducator

eKitabu

Enabling Education Network

EPPI-Reviewer

Exotel helps Saarthi Education understand their program success with call pickup and completion rates (India)

Exotel Powering Vedantu’s Mission of Making Learning Personalized (India)

Extending and scaling technology-based innovations through research | READ online (OECD iLibrary)
This chapter examines the question of 21st century skills through the prism of a case study on Singapore. Certainly, this case is quite particular in

FAQs -
Frequently Asked Questions: Questions You Have About Inclusive Education But Didn’t Know Whom To Ask Inclusion International is often asked what we mean by “inclusive education”. Here are the most common questions from our members together with our responses. The responses are based on the …

FCDO - GEC
Keywords: auto_merged

file.pdf

Financing education in Malawi: Opportunities for action. Country case study for the Oslo Summit on Education for Development. - Malawi (ReliefWeb)
English Analysis on Malawi about Education; published on 10 Jul 2015 by Govt. Norway

Five Findings from a New Phone Survey in Senegal (Center For Global Development)
Better data can help us have a better response for COVID, so we piloted a mobile phone survey on 1,000+ respondents in Senegal in partnership with the Centre de Recherche pour le Développement Économique et Social. We published the results of the survey yesterday and we are now publishing some of the key findings.

Fixed telephone subscriptions (per 100 people) - Rwanda | Data

Focus Country: Kenya (EdTech Hub)
Kenya Focus country EdTech Hub works in six focus countries (Bangladesh, Ghana, Kenya, Pakistan, Sierra Leone and Tanzania) to conduct research, support governments, and support scale-up of EdTech programmes.   “Female students with teacher on computer” by Ericsson Images is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 READ KENYA COUNTRY SCAN Population: 47.6 million Median age: 20 years Internet penetration: 43% Mobile penetration:…

Full article: Educational technology for learners with disabilities in primary school settings in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review

generate.pdf

Ghana Education Service

Ghana Library Authority (2020)

ghana_ict_in_education_policy_august_2015.pdf

Global Monitoring of School Meals During COVID-19 School Closures.
As a result of school closures, 350 million children around the world are missing out on school meals. For many of them, a school meal may be their only nutritious meal during the day. The world needs to find alternative solutions, fast.

Google Meet

Google Translate

google translate - Google Search

Government of Pakistan. Ministry of Federal Education and Professional Training

Government of Pakistan. Ministry of Information Technology & Telecommunication, Government of Pakistan

Government of Pakistan. Ministry of Information Technology & Telecommunication, Government of Pakistan

Government of Sindh. Information Technology Department Government of Sindh

Government of Sindh. Information Technology Department Government of Sindh

Government of the Punjab. Punjab Information Technology Board

Government of the Punjab. Punjab Information Technology Board

Government of the Punjab. School Education Department

GSMA-State-of-Mobile-Internet-Connectivity-Report-2019.pdf

Guidance Note on Qualitative Research final2020.pdf

Haßler et al_2014_School-based professional development in a developing context.pdf

HDR19 Curated list: French resources on introducing technology in the classroom

Home - Ubongo Learning | African Children's Media & Edutainment (Ubongo)
Ubongo is Africa's leading children's edutainment and media company. As a non-profit social enterprise, Ubongo provides millions of families across Africa with fun, localised and multi-platform educational content that helps kids learn, and leverage their learning to change their lives.

How Systems Thinking Applies to Education - Educational Leadership

Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team | Home

Idara-e-Taleem-o-Aagahi